--- title: Genesis 19:14 — And Lot went out, and spoke unto his sons-in-law, who married his da… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Lot went out, and spoke unto his sons-in-law, who married his daughters, and said: 'Up, get you out of this place; for the LORD will destroy the city.' But he seemed unto his sons-in-law as one that jested. Who acts: Lot, sons, LORD. Genesis 19:14 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkel --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.19.14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/19/) / 19:14 # Genesis 19:14 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** Lot, sons, LORD · **What happens:** go out, speak, marry, say, get, destroy · **To what, where:** daughters, you, place, city · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Genesis 19:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Lot, sons, LORD — and what happens in the verse to daughters, you, place, city, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֵּצֵ֨א ל֜וֹט וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר ׀ אֶל־חֲתָנָ֣יו ׀ לֹקְחֵ֣י בְנֹתָ֗יו וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ ק֤וּמוּ צְּאוּ֙ מִן־הַמָּק֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה כִּֽי־מַשְׁחִ֥ית יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־הָעִ֑יר וַיְהִ֥י כִמְצַחֵ֖ק בְּעֵינֵ֥י חֲתָנָֽיו׃ [And Lot went out, and spoke unto his sons-in-law, who married his daughters, and said: 'Up, get you out of this place; for the LORD will destroy the city.' But he seemed unto his sons-in-law as one that jested.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.492/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:471 # text = וַיֵּצֵ֨א ל֜וֹט וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר ׀ אֶל־חֲתָנָ֣יו ׀ לֹקְחֵ֣י בְנֹתָ֗יו וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ ק֤וּמוּ צְּאוּ֙ מִן־הַמָּק֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה כִּֽי־מַשְׁחִ֥ית יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־הָעִ֑יר וַיְהִ֥י כִמְצַחֵ֖ק בְּעֵינֵ֥י חֲתָנָֽיו׃ # verse = GEN.19.14 1-2 וַיֵּצֵ֨א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_19:14!1|MId=o010190140011|Strong=2050b 2 יֵּצֵ֨א יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.went.out|Ref=GEN_19:14!1|MId=o010190140012|Strong=3318|Frame=A0:010190140021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 ל֜וֹט לוֹט PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Lot|Ref=GEN_19:14!2|MId=o010190140021|Strong=3876 4-5 וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_19:14!3|MId=o010190140031|Strong=2050b 5 יְדַבֵּ֣ר דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.spoke|Ref=GEN_19:14!3|MId=o010190140032|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:010190140021;|Type=wayyiqtol 6 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 5 punct _ Ref=GEN_19:14!3 7 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_19:14!4|MId=o010190140041|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 8-9 חֲתָנָ֣יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 חֲתָנָ֣י חָתָן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 obl _ Gloss=sons-in-law|Ref=GEN_19:14!5|MId=o010190140051|Strong=2860 9 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=GEN_19:14!5|MId=o010190140052|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 10 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 9 punct _ Ref=GEN_19:14!5 11 לֹקְחֵ֣י לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 8 appos _ Gloss=[who.were].about.to.take|Ref=GEN_19:14!6|MId=o010190140061|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:010190140051;A1:010190140071;|Type=participle_active 12-13 בְנֹתָ֗יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 בְנֹתָ֗י בַּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=daughters|Ref=GEN_19:14!7|MId=o010190140071|Strong=1323 13 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=(of).his|Ref=GEN_19:14!7|MId=o010190140072|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 14-15 וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_19:14!8|MId=o010190140081|Strong=2050b 15 יֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=GEN_19:14!8|MId=o010190140082|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:010190140021;|Type=wayyiqtol 16 ק֤וּמוּ קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 15 ccomp _ Gloss=arise|Ref=GEN_19:14!9|MId=o010190140091|Strong=6965|Frame=A0:010190140051;|Type=imperative 17 צְּאוּ֙ יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 16 parataxis _ Gloss=go.out|Ref=GEN_19:14!10|MId=o010190140101|Strong=3318|Frame=A0:010190140051;|Type=imperative 18 מִן־ מִן ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=GEN_19:14!11|MId=o010190140111|Strong=4480|SpaceAfter=No 19-20 הַמָּק֣וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_19:14!12|MId=o010190140121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 מָּק֣וֹם מָקוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=place|Ref=GEN_19:14!12|MId=o010190140122|Strong=4725 21-22 הַזֶּ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=GEN_19:14!13|MId=o010190140131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 זֶּ֔ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 20 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=GEN_19:14!13|MId=o010190140132|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 23 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 24 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=GEN_19:14!14|MId=o010190140141|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 24 מַשְׁחִ֥ית שָׁחַת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing 16 advcl _ Gloss=[is].about.to.destroy|Ref=GEN_19:14!15|MId=o010190140151|Strong=7843|Frame=AA:010190140161;A0:010190140182;|Type=participle_active 25 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 24 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=GEN_19:14!16|MId=o010190140161|Strong=3068 26 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=GEN_19:14!17|MId=o010190140171|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 27-28 הָעִ֑יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_19:14!18|MId=o010190140181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 עִ֑יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 24 obj _ Gloss=city|Ref=GEN_19:14!18|MId=o010190140182|Strong=5892 29-30 וַיְהִ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_19:14!19|MId=o010190140191|Strong=2050b 30 יְהִ֥י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.was|Ref=GEN_19:14!19|MId=o010190140192|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:010190140021;|Type=wayyiqtol 31-32 כִמְצַחֵ֖ק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 כִ כְּ ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=GEN_19:14!20|MId=o010190140201|Strong=3509a 32 מְצַחֵ֖ק צָחַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing 30 advcl _ Gloss=[one.who].jests|Ref=GEN_19:14!20|MId=o010190140202|Strong=6711|Type=participle_active 33-34 בְּעֵינֵ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=GEN_19:14!21|MId=o010190140211|Strong=0871a 34 עֵינֵ֥י עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Dual 30 obl _ Gloss=the.eyes|Ref=GEN_19:14!21|MId=o010190140212|Strong=5869 35-36 חֲתָנָֽיו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 חֲתָנָֽי חָתָן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 34 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.sons-in-law|Ref=GEN_19:14!22|MId=o010190140221|Strong=2860 36 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=GEN_19:14!22|MId=o010190140222|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=GEN_19:14!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֵּצֵא *he went out* | wayyiqtol · qal | לוֹט *Lot* | | | | | יְדַבֵּר *he spoke* | wayyiqtol · piel | לוֹט *Lot* | | | | | לֹקְחֵי *\[who were\] about to take* | participle active · qal | חֲתָנָי *sons-in-law* | בְנֹתָי *daughters* | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | לוֹט *Lot* | | | | | קוּמוּ *arise* | imperative · qal | חֲתָנָי *sons-in-law* | | | | | צְּאוּ *go out* | imperative · qal | חֲתָנָי *sons-in-law* | | | | | מַשְׁחִית *\[is\] about to destroy* | participle active · hiphil | עִיר *city* | | | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | יְהִי *he was* | wayyiqtol · qal | לוֹט *Lot* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּנְפַק לוֹט וּמַלֵּיל עִם חַתְנוֹהִי נָסְבֵי בְנָתֵהּ וְאֲמַר קוּמוּ פּוּקוּ מִן אַתְרָא הָדֵין אֲרֵי מְחַבֵּל יְיָ יָת קַרְתָּא וַהֲוָה כִּמְחָיִךְ בְּעֵינֵי חַתְנוֹהִי The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Lot went out, and spoke unto his sons-in-law, who married his daughters, and said: 'Up, get you out of this place; for the LORD will destroy the city.' But he seemed unto his sons-in-law as one that jested.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.492/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:471`. - ← previous: [Genesis 19:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.19.13/) - next →: [Genesis 19:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.19.15/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/19/)