--- title: Genesis 2:5 — No shrub of the field was yet in the earth, and no herb of the field… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: No shrub of the field was yet in the earth, and no herb of the field had yet sprung up; for the LORD God had not caused it to rain upon the earth, and there was not a man to till the ground; Who acts: shrub, herb, LORD God, man. Genesis 2:5 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 191 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.2.5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/2/) / 2:5 # Genesis 2:5 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** shrub, herb, LORD God, man · **What happens:** be, spring up, not cause, rain, not be, till · **To what, where:** earth, herb, ground This is Genesis 2:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — shrub, herb, LORD God, man — and what happens in the verse to earth, herb, ground, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְכֹ֣ל ׀ שִׂ֣יחַ הַשָּׂדֶ֗ה טֶ֚רֶם יִֽהְיֶ֣ה בָאָ֔רֶץ וְכָל־עֵ֥שֶׂב הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה טֶ֣רֶם יִצְמָ֑ח כִּי֩ לֹ֨א הִמְטִ֜יר יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהִים֙ עַל־הָאָ֔רֶץ וְאָדָ֣ם אַ֔יִן לַֽעֲבֹ֖ד אֶת־הָֽאֲדָמָֽה׃ [No shrub of the field was yet in the earth, and no herb of the field had yet sprung up; for the LORD God had not caused it to rain upon the earth, and there was not a man to till the ground;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.38/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:35 # text = וְכֹ֣ל ׀ שִׂ֣יחַ הַשָּׂדֶ֗ה טֶ֚רֶם יִֽהְיֶ֣ה בָאָ֔רֶץ וְכָל־עֵ֥שֶׂב הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה טֶ֣רֶם יִצְמָ֑ח כִּי֩ לֹ֨א הִמְטִ֜יר יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהִים֙ עַל־הָאָ֔רֶץ וְאָדָ֣ם אַ֔יִן לַֽעֲבֹ֖ד אֶת־הָֽאֲדָמָֽה׃ # verse = GEN.2.5 1-2 וְכֹ֣ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_2:5!1|MId=o010020050011|Strong=2050b 2 כֹ֣ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ Gloss=any|Ref=GEN_2:5!1|MId=o010020050012|Strong=3605 3 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ Ref=GEN_2:5!1 4 שִׂ֣יחַ שִׂיחַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=(the).bush[es]|Ref=GEN_2:5!2|MId=o010020050021|Strong=7880 5-6 הַשָּׂדֶ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=GEN_2:5!3|MId=o010020050031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 שָּׂדֶ֗ה שָׂדֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.field|Ref=GEN_2:5!3|MId=o010020050032|Strong=7704 7 טֶ֚רֶם טֶרֶם ADV _ _ 11 advmod _ Gloss=not.yet|Ref=GEN_2:5!4|MId=o010020050041|Strong=2962 8 יִֽהְיֶ֣ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 11 cop _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=GEN_2:5!5|MId=o010020050051|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:010020050021;|Type=yiqtol 9-11 בָאָ֔רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 בָ בְּ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=GEN_2:5!6|MId=o010020050061|Strong=0871a 10 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_2:5!6|MId=o010020050061ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 אָ֔רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=earth|Ref=GEN_2:5!6|MId=o010020050062|Strong=0776 12-13 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_2:5!7|MId=o010020050071|Strong=2050b 13 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ Gloss=any|Ref=GEN_2:5!7|MId=o010020050072|Strong=3605 14 עֵ֥שֶׂב עֵשֶׂב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=(the).vegetation|Ref=GEN_2:5!8|MId=o010020050081|Strong=6212 15-16 הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=GEN_2:5!9|MId=o010020050091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 שָּׂדֶ֖ה שָׂדֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.field|Ref=GEN_2:5!9|MId=o010020050092|Strong=7704 17 טֶ֣רֶם טֶרֶם ADV _ _ 18 advmod _ Gloss=not.yet|Ref=GEN_2:5!10|MId=o010020050101|Strong=2962 18 יִצְמָ֑ח צָמַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 11 conj _ Gloss=it.was.sprouting|Ref=GEN_2:5!11|MId=o010020050111|Strong=6779|Frame=A0:010020050081;|Type=yiqtol 19 כִּי֩ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 21 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=GEN_2:5!12|MId=o010020050121|Strong=3588 20 לֹ֨א לֹא ADV _ _ 21 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=GEN_2:5!13|MId=o010020050131|Strong=3808|Type=negative 21 הִמְטִ֜יר מָטַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 11 advcl _ Gloss=he.had.caused.rain|Ref=GEN_2:5!14|MId=o010020050141|Strong=4305|Frame=A0:010020050151;|Type=qatal 22 יְהוָ֤ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 21 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=GEN_2:5!15|MId=o010020050151|Strong=3068 23 אֱלֹהִים֙ אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 22 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=GEN_2:5!16|MId=o010020050161|Strong=0430 24 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=GEN_2:5!17|MId=o010020050171|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 25-26 הָאָ֔רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_2:5!18|MId=o010020050181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 אָ֔רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 21 obl _ Gloss=earth|Ref=GEN_2:5!18|MId=o010020050182|Strong=0776 27-28 וְאָדָ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_2:5!19|MId=o010020050191|Strong=2050b 28 אָדָ֣ם אָדָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ Gloss=a.human|Ref=GEN_2:5!19|MId=o010020050192|Strong=0120 29 אַ֔יִן אַיִן ADV _ _ 11 conj _ Gloss=there.[was].not|Ref=GEN_2:5!20|MId=o010020050201|Strong=0369|Type=negative 30-31 לַֽעֲבֹ֖ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 לַֽ לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_2:5!21|MId=o010020050211|Strong=3807a 31 עֲבֹ֖ד עָבַד VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 29 advcl _ Gloss=till|Ref=GEN_2:5!21|MId=o010020050212|Strong=5647|Frame=A0:010020050192;A1:010020050232;|Type=infinitive_construct 32 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=GEN_2:5!22|MId=o010020050221|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 33-34 הָֽאֲדָמָֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 34 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_2:5!23|MId=o010020050231|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 34 אֲדָמָֽה אֲדָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 31 obj _ Gloss=ground|Ref=GEN_2:5!23|MId=o010020050232|Strong=0127 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=GEN_2:5!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִֽהְיֶה *it was* | yiqtol · qal | שִׂיחַ *(the) bush\[es\]* | | | | | יִצְמָח *it was sprouting* | yiqtol · qal | עֵשֶׂב *(the) vegetation* | | | | | **not** הִמְטִיר *he had caused rain* | qatal · hiphil | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | עֲבֹד *till* | infinitive construct · qal | אָדָם *a human* | אֲדָמָֽה *ground* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְכֹל אִילָנֵי חַקְלָא עַד לָא הֲווּ בְאַרְעָא וְכָל עִסְבָּא דְחַקְלָא עַד לָא צְמָח אֲרֵי לָא אָחִית מִטְרָא יְיָ אֱלֹהִים עַל אַרְעָא וְאֱנַשׁ לֵית לְמִפְלַח יָת אַדְמְתָא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [No shrub of the field was yet in the earth, and no herb of the field had yet sprung up; for the LORD God had not caused it to rain upon the earth, and there was not a man to till the ground;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.38/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:35`. - ← previous: [Genesis 2:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.2.4/) - next →: [Genesis 2:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.2.6/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/2/)