--- title: Genesis 22:13 — And Abraham lifted up his eyes, and looked, and behold behind him a… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Abraham lifted up his eyes, and looked, and behold behind him a ram caught in the thicket by his horns. And Abraham went and took the ram, and offered him up for a burnt-offering in the stead of his son. Who acts: Abraham. Genesis 22:13 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 191 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.22.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/22/) / 22:13 # Genesis 22:13 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** Abraham · **What happens:** lift up, look, catch, go, take, offer up · **To what, where:** eyes, ram, thicket, Abraham, stead This is Genesis 22:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Abraham — and what happens in the verse to eyes, ram, thicket, Abraham, stead, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּשָּׂ֨א אַבְרָהָ֜ם אֶת־עֵינָ֗יו וַיַּרְא֙ וְהִנֵּה־אַ֔יִל אַחַ֕ר נֶאֱחַ֥ז בַּסְּבַ֖ךְ בְּקַרְנָ֑יו וַיֵּ֤לֶךְ אַבְרָהָם֙ וַיִּקַּ֣ח אֶת־הָאַ֔יִל וַיַּעֲלֵ֥הוּ לְעֹלָ֖ה תַּ֥חַת בְּנֽוֹ׃ [And Abraham lifted up his eyes, and looked, and behold behind him a ram caught in the thicket by his horns.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.588/) [And Abraham went and took the ram, and offered him up for a burnt-offering in the stead of his son.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.589/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:560 # text = וַיִּשָּׂ֨א אַבְרָהָ֜ם אֶת־עֵינָ֗יו וַיַּרְא֙ וְהִנֵּה־אַ֔יִל אַחַ֕ר נֶאֱחַ֥ז בַּסְּבַ֖ךְ בְּקַרְנָ֑יו וַיֵּ֤לֶךְ אַבְרָהָם֙ וַיִּקַּ֣ח אֶת־הָאַ֔יִל וַיַּעֲלֵ֥הוּ לְעֹלָ֖ה תַּ֥חַת בְּנֽוֹ׃ # verse = GEN.22.13 1-2 וַיִּשָּׂ֨א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_22:13!1|MId=o010220130011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּשָּׂ֨א נָשָׂא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.lifted.up|Ref=GEN_22:13!1|MId=o010220130012|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:010220130021;A1:010220130041;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אַבְרָהָ֜ם אַבְרָהָם PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Abraham|Ref=GEN_22:13!2|MId=o010220130021|Strong=0085 4 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=GEN_22:13!3|MId=o010220130031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 5-6 עֵינָ֗יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 עֵינָ֗י עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Dual 2 obj _ Gloss=eyes|Ref=GEN_22:13!4|MId=o010220130041|Strong=5869 6 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=GEN_22:13!4|MId=o010220130042|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 7-8 וַיַּרְא֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_22:13!5|MId=o010220130051|Strong=2050b 8 יַּרְא֙ רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.saw|Ref=GEN_22:13!5|MId=o010220130052|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:010220130021;|Type=wayyiqtol 9-10 וְהִנֵּה־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_22:13!6|MId=o010220130061|Strong=2050b 10 הִנֵּה־ הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 13 discourse _ Gloss=there!|Ref=GEN_22:13!6|MId=o010220130062|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 11 אַ֔יִל אַיִל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ Gloss=a.ram|Ref=GEN_22:13!7|MId=o010220130071|Strong=0352 12 אַחַ֕ר אַחַר ADV _ _ 13 advmod _ Gloss=behind|Ref=GEN_22:13!8|MId=o010220130081|Strong=0310 13 נֶאֱחַ֥ז אָחַז VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.was.caught|Ref=GEN_22:13!9|MId=o010220130091|Strong=0270|Frame=A1:010220130071;|Type=qatal 14-16 בַּסְּבַ֖ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=GEN_22:13!10|MId=o010220130101|Strong=0871a 15 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_22:13!10|MId=o010220130101ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 סְּבַ֖ךְ סְבַךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=thicket|Ref=GEN_22:13!10|MId=o010220130102|Strong=5442 17-19 בְּקַרְנָ֑יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=GEN_22:13!11|MId=o010220130111|Strong=0871a 18 קַרְנָ֑י קֶרֶן NOUN _ Number=Dual 13 obl _ Gloss=horns|Ref=GEN_22:13!11|MId=o010220130112|Strong=7161 19 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=GEN_22:13!11|MId=o010220130113|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 20-21 וַיֵּ֤לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_22:13!12|MId=o010220130121|Strong=2050b 21 יֵּ֤לֶךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.went|Ref=GEN_22:13!12|MId=o010220130122|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:010220130131;|Type=wayyiqtol 22 אַבְרָהָם֙ אַבְרָהָם PROPN _ _ 21 nsubj _ Gloss=Abraham|Ref=GEN_22:13!13|MId=o010220130131|Strong=0085 23-24 וַיִּקַּ֣ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_22:13!14|MId=o010220130141|Strong=2050b 24 יִּקַּ֣ח לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 21 conj _ Gloss=he.took|Ref=GEN_22:13!14|MId=o010220130142|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:010220130131;A1:010220130162;|Type=wayyiqtol 25 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=GEN_22:13!15|MId=o010220130151|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 26-27 הָאַ֔יִל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_22:13!16|MId=o010220130161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 אַ֔יִל אַיִל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 obj _ Gloss=ram|Ref=GEN_22:13!16|MId=o010220130162|Strong=0352 28-30 וַיַּעֲלֵ֥הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_22:13!17|MId=o010220130171|Strong=2050b 29 יַּעֲל עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 21 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=GEN_22:13!17|MId=o010220130172|Strong=5927|Frame=AA:010220130131;A0:010220130173;|Type=wayyiqtol 30 ֵ֥הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 obj _ Gloss=offered.it.up|Ref=GEN_22:13!17|MId=o010220130173|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 31-32 לְעֹלָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_22:13!18|MId=o010220130181|Strong=3807a 32 עֹלָ֖ה עֹלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 29 obl _ Gloss=a.burnt.offering|Ref=GEN_22:13!18|MId=o010220130182|Strong=5930 33 תַּ֥חַת תַּחַת NOUN _ _ 29 obl _ Gloss=in.place.of|Ref=GEN_22:13!19|MId=o010220130191|Strong=8478 34-35 בְּנֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 בְּנ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 33 compound:smixut _ Gloss=son|Ref=GEN_22:13!20|MId=o010220130201|Strong=1121 35 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=GEN_22:13!20|MId=o010220130202|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 36 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 35 punct _ Ref=GEN_22:13!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּשָּׂא *he lifted up* | wayyiqtol · qal | אַבְרָהָם *Abraham* | עֵינָי *eyes* | | | | יַּרְא *he saw* | wayyiqtol · qal | אַבְרָהָם *Abraham* | | | | | נֶאֱחַז *it was caught* | qatal · niphal | | אַיִל *a ram* | | | | יֵּלֶךְ *he went* | wayyiqtol · qal | אַבְרָהָם *Abraham* | | | | | יִּקַּח *he took* | wayyiqtol · qal | אַבְרָהָם *Abraham* | אַיִל *ram* | | | | יַּעֲל *he* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | ֵהוּ *offered it up* | | | אַבְרָהָם *Abraham* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּזְקַף אַבְרָהָם יָת עֵינוֹהִי בָּתַר אִלֵּין וַחֲזָא וְהָא דִּכְרָא בָּתַר אֲחִיד בְּאִילָנָא בְּקַרְנוֹהִי וַאֲזַל אַבְרָהָם וּנְסֵיב יָת דִּכְרָא וְאַסְקֵהּ לַעֲלָתָא חֲלַף בְּרֵהּ The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Abraham lifted up his eyes, and looked, and behold behind him a ram caught in the thicket by his horns.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.588/) 2. [And Abraham went and took the ram, and offered him up for a burnt-offering in the stead of his son.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.589/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:560`. - ← previous: [Genesis 22:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.22.12/) - next →: [Genesis 22:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.22.14/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/22/)