--- title: Genesis 23:10 — Now Ephron was sitting in the midst of the children of Heth; and Eph… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Now Ephron was sitting in the midst of the children of Heth; and Ephron the Hittite answered Abraham in the hearing of the children of Heth, even of all that went in at the gate of his city, saying: Who acts: Ephron, children. Genesis 23:10 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 191 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.23.10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/23/) / 23:10 # Genesis 23:10 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** Ephron, children · **What happens:** sit, answer, go in, say, hear · **To what, where:** midst, Abraham, hearing, gate · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Genesis 23:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Ephron, children — and what happens in the verse to midst, Abraham, hearing, gate, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְעֶפְר֥וֹן יֹשֵׁ֖ב בְּת֣וֹךְ בְּנֵי־חֵ֑ת וַיַּעַן֩ עֶפְר֨וֹן הַחִתִּ֤י אֶת־אַבְרָהָם֙ בְּאָזְנֵ֣י בְנֵי־חֵ֔ת לְכֹ֛ל בָּאֵ֥י שַֽׁעַר־עִיר֖וֹ לֵאמֹֽר׃ [Now Ephron was sitting in the midst of the children of Heth; and Ephron the Hittite answered Abraham in the hearing of the children of Heth, even of all that went in at the gate of his city, saying:](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.610/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:581 # text = וְעֶפְר֥וֹן יֹשֵׁ֖ב בְּת֣וֹךְ בְּנֵי־חֵ֑ת וַיַּעַן֩ עֶפְר֨וֹן הַחִתִּ֤י אֶת־אַבְרָהָם֙ בְּאָזְנֵ֣י בְנֵי־חֵ֔ת לְכֹ֛ל בָּאֵ֥י שַֽׁעַר־עִיר֖וֹ לֵאמֹֽר׃ # verse = GEN.23.10 1-2 וְעֶפְר֥וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_23:10!1|MId=o010230100011|Strong=2050b 2 עֶפְר֥וֹן עֶפְרוֹן PROPN _ _ 3 nsubj _ Gloss=Ephron|Ref=GEN_23:10!1|MId=o010230100012|Strong=6085 3 יֹשֵׁ֖ב יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[was].sitting|Ref=GEN_23:10!2|MId=o010230100021|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:010230100012;|Type=participle_active 4-5 בְּת֣וֹךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=among|Ref=GEN_23:10!3|MId=o010230100031|Strong=0871a 5 ת֣וֹךְ תָּוֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=GEN_23:10!3|MId=o010230100032|Strong=8432 6 בְּנֵי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=GEN_23:10!4|MId=o010230100041|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 7 חֵ֑ת חֵת PROPN _ _ 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Heth|Ref=GEN_23:10!5|MId=o010230100051|Strong=2845 8-9 וַיַּעַן֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_23:10!6|MId=o010230100061|Strong=2050b 9 יַּעַן֩ עָנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=he.answered|Ref=GEN_23:10!6|MId=o010230100062|Strong=6030|Frame=A0:010230100071;A1:010230100101;|Type=wayyiqtol 10 עֶפְר֨וֹן עֶפְרוֹן PROPN _ _ 9 nsubj _ Gloss=Ephron|Ref=GEN_23:10!7|MId=o010230100071|Strong=6085 11-12 הַחִתִּ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_23:10!8|MId=o010230100081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 חִתִּ֤י חִתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 appos _ Gloss=Hethite|Ref=GEN_23:10!8|MId=o010230100082|Strong=2850|Type=gentilic 13 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=GEN_23:10!9|MId=o010230100091|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 14 אַבְרָהָם֙ אַבְרָהָם PROPN _ _ 9 obj _ Gloss=Abraham|Ref=GEN_23:10!10|MId=o010230100101|Strong=0085 15-16 בְּאָזְנֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=GEN_23:10!11|MId=o010230100111|Strong=0871a 16 אָזְנֵ֣י אֹזֶן NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Dual 9 obl _ Gloss=the.ears|Ref=GEN_23:10!11|MId=o010230100112|Strong=0241 17 בְנֵי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.people|Ref=GEN_23:10!12|MId=o010230100121|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 18 חֵ֔ת חֵת PROPN _ _ 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Heth|Ref=GEN_23:10!13|MId=o010230100131|Strong=2845 19-20 לְכֹ֛ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_23:10!14|MId=o010230100141|Strong=3807a 20 כֹ֛ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=GEN_23:10!14|MId=o010230100142|Strong=3605 21 בָּאֵ֥י בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=[those.who.were].entering|Ref=GEN_23:10!15|MId=o010230100151|Strong=0935|Type=participle_active 22 שַֽׁעַר־ שַׁעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=(of).the.gate|Ref=GEN_23:10!16|MId=o010230100161|Strong=8179|SpaceAfter=No 23-24 עִיר֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 עִיר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.city|Ref=GEN_23:10!17|MId=o010230100171|Strong=5892 24 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=GEN_23:10!17|MId=o010230100172|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 25-26 לֵאמֹֽר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 9 ccomp _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=GEN_23:10!18|MId=o010230100181|Strong=3807a 26 אמֹֽר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 25 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=GEN_23:10!18|MId=o010230100182|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:010230100071;|Type=infinitive_construct 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=GEN_23:10!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: a frame; the quote follows - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹשֵׁב *\[was\] sitting* | participle active · qal | עֶפְרוֹן *Ephron* | | | | | יַּעַן *he answered* | wayyiqtol · qal | עֶפְרוֹן *Ephron* | אַבְרָהָם *Abraham* | | | | אמֹֽר | infinitive construct · qal | עֶפְרוֹן *Ephron* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְעֶפְרוֹן יָתֵב בְּגוֹ בְּנֵי חִתָּאָה וְאָתֵיב עֶפְרוֹן חִתָּאָה יָת אַבְרָהָם קֳדָם בְּנֵי חִתָּאָה לְכֹל עָלֵי תְּרַע קַרְתֵּהּ לְמֵימָר The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Now Ephron was sitting in the midst of the children of Heth; and Ephron the Hittite answered Abraham in the hearing of the children of Heth, even of all that went in at the gate of his city, saying:](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.610/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:581`. - ← previous: [Genesis 23:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.23.9/) - next →: [Genesis 23:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.23.11/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/23/)