--- title: Genesis 25:23 — And the LORD said unto her: Two nations are in thy womb, and two peo… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the LORD said unto her: Two nations are in thy womb, and two peoples shall be separated from thy bowels; and the one people shall be stronger than the other people; and the elder shall serve the younger. Who acts: LORD, Two nations, one people, elder. Genesis 25:23 in Hebrew with its dependency --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.25.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/25/) / 25:23 # Genesis 25:23 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** LORD, Two nations, one people, elder · **What happens:** say, be, separate, serve · **To what, where:** womb, two peoples, younger · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Genesis 25:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, Two nations, one people, elder — and what happens in the verse to womb, two peoples, younger, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה לָ֗הּ שְׁנֵ֤י גוֹיִם֙ בְּבִטְנֵ֔ךְ וּשְׁנֵ֣י לְאֻמִּ֔ים מִמֵּעַ֖יִךְ יִפָּרֵ֑דוּ וּלְאֹם֙ מִלְאֹ֣ם יֶֽאֱמָ֔ץ וְרַ֖ב יַעֲבֹ֥ד צָעִֽיר׃ [And the LORD said unto her: Two nations are in thy womb, and two peoples shall be separated from thy bowels; and the one people shall be stronger than the other people; and the elder shall serve the younger.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.719/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:681 # text = וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה לָ֗הּ שְׁנֵ֤י גוֹיִם֙ בְּבִטְנֵ֔ךְ וּשְׁנֵ֣י לְאֻמִּ֔ים מִמֵּעַ֖יִךְ יִפָּרֵ֑דוּ וּלְאֹם֙ מִלְאֹ֣ם יֶֽאֱמָ֔ץ וְרַ֖ב יַעֲבֹ֥ד צָעִֽיר׃ # verse = GEN.25.23 1-2 וַיֹּ֨אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_25:23!1|MId=o010250230011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֨אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=GEN_25:23!1|MId=o010250230012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:010250230021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יְהוָ֜ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=GEN_25:23!2|MId=o010250230021|Strong=3068 4-5 לָ֗הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 ל לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_25:23!3|MId=o010250230031|Strong=3807a 5 ָ֗הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=her|Ref=GEN_25:23!3|MId=o010250230032|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 6 שְׁנֵ֤י שְׁנַיִם NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 7 nummod _ Gloss=two|Ref=GEN_25:23!4|MId=o010250230041|Strong=8147|Type=cardinal_number 7 גוֹיִם֙ גּוֹי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ Gloss=nations|Ref=GEN_25:23!6|MId=o010250230061|Strong=1471 8-10 בְּבִטְנֵ֔ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=[are].in|Ref=GEN_25:23!7|MId=o010250230071|Strong=0871a 9 בִטְנ בֶּטֶן NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 ccomp _ Gloss=womb|Ref=GEN_25:23!7|MId=o010250230072|Strong=0990 10 ֵ֔ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=GEN_25:23!7|MId=o010250230073|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 11-12 וּשְׁנֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_25:23!8|MId=o010250230081|Strong=2050b 12 שְׁנֵ֣י שְׁנַיִם NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 13 nummod _ Gloss=two|Ref=GEN_25:23!8|MId=o010250230082|Strong=8147|Type=cardinal_number 13 לְאֻמִּ֔ים לְאֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 nsubj _ Gloss=peoples|Ref=GEN_25:23!9|MId=o010250230091|Strong=3816 14-16 מִמֵּעַ֖יִךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=GEN_25:23!10|MId=o010250230101|Strong=4480 15 מֵּעַ֖י מֵעִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 obl _ Gloss=your.inward|Ref=GEN_25:23!10|MId=o010250230102|Strong=4578 16 ִךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=parts|Ref=GEN_25:23!10|MId=o010250230103|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 17 יִפָּרֵ֑דוּ פָּרַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 9 conj _ Gloss=they.will.separate|Ref=GEN_25:23!11|MId=o010250230111|Strong=6504|Frame=A1:010250230091;|Type=yiqtol 18-19 וּלְאֹם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_25:23!12|MId=o010250230121|Strong=2050b 19 לְאֹם֙ לְאֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ Gloss=a.people|Ref=GEN_25:23!12|MId=o010250230122|Strong=3816 20-21 מִלְאֹ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=more|Ref=GEN_25:23!13|MId=o010250230131|Strong=4480 21 לְאֹ֣ם לְאֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=than.a.people|Ref=GEN_25:23!13|MId=o010250230132|Strong=3816 22 יֶֽאֱמָ֔ץ אָמֵץ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 conj _ Gloss=it.will.be.strong|Ref=GEN_25:23!14|MId=o010250230141|Strong=0553|Frame=A0:010250230122;|Type=yiqtol 23-24 וְרַ֖ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and.[the]|Ref=GEN_25:23!15|MId=o010250230151|Strong=2050b 24 רַ֖ב רַב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ Gloss=great.[one]|Ref=GEN_25:23!15|MId=o010250230152|Strong=7227|Type=adjective 25 יַעֲבֹ֥ד עָבַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 conj _ Gloss=it.will.serve|Ref=GEN_25:23!16|MId=o010250230161|Strong=5647|Frame=A0:010250230152;A1:010250230171;|Type=yiqtol 26 צָעִֽיר צָעִיר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 obj _ Gloss=[the].young.[one]|Ref=GEN_25:23!17|MId=o010250230171|Strong=6810|Type=adjective|SpaceAfter=No 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=GEN_25:23!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | יִפָּרֵדוּ *they will separate* | yiqtol · niphal | | לְאֻמִּים *peoples* | | | | יֶֽאֱמָץ *it will be strong* | yiqtol · qal | לְאֹם *a people* | | | | | יַעֲבֹד *it will serve* | yiqtol · qal | רַב *great \[one\]* | צָעִֽיר *\[the\] young \[one\]* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר יְיָ לַהּ תְּרֵין עַמְמִין בִּמְעַיְכִי וְתַרְתֵּין מַלְכְּוָן מִמֵעַיְכִי יִתְפָּרְשָׁן וּמַלְכוּ מִמַלְכוּ יִתְקַף וְרַבָּא יִשְׁתַּעֲבֵּיד לִזְעֵירָא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the LORD said unto her: Two nations are in thy womb, and two peoples shall be separated from thy bowels; and the one people shall be stronger than the other people; and the elder shall serve the younger.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.719/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:681`. - ← previous: [Genesis 25:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.25.22/) - next →: [Genesis 25:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.25.24/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/25/)