--- title: Genesis 26:1 — And there was a famine in the land, beside the first famine that was… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And there was a famine in the land, beside the first famine that was in the days of Abraham. And Isaac went unto Abimelech king of the Philistines unto Gerar. Who acts: famine, first famine, Isaac. Genesis 26:1 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.26.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/26/) / 26:1 # Genesis 26:1 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** famine, first famine, Isaac · **What happens:** be, go This is Genesis 26:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — famine, first famine, Isaac — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִ֤י רָעָב֙ בָּאָ֔רֶץ מִלְּבַד֙ הָרָעָ֣ב הָרִאשׁ֔וֹן אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָיָ֖ה בִּימֵ֣י אַבְרָהָ֑ם וַיֵּ֧לֶךְ יִצְחָ֛ק אֶל־אֲבִימֶּ֥לֶךְמֶֽלֶךְ־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים גְּרָֽרָה׃ [And there was a famine in the land, beside the first famine that was in the days of Abraham.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.733/) [And Isaac went unto Abimelech king of the Philistines unto Gerar.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.734/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:693 # text = וַיְהִ֤י רָעָב֙ בָּאָ֔רֶץ מִלְּבַד֙ הָרָעָ֣ב הָרִאשׁ֔וֹן אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָיָ֖ה בִּימֵ֣י אַבְרָהָ֑ם וַיֵּ֧לֶךְ יִצְחָ֛ק אֶל־אֲבִימֶּ֥לֶךְמֶֽלֶךְ־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים גְּרָֽרָה׃ # verse = GEN.26.1 1-2 וַיְהִ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_26:1!1|MId=o010260010011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִ֤י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=GEN_26:1!1|MId=o010260010012|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:010260010021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 רָעָב֙ רָעָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=a.famine|Ref=GEN_26:1!2|MId=o010260010021|Strong=7458 4-6 בָּאָ֔רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=GEN_26:1!3|MId=o010260010031|Strong=0871a 5 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_26:1!3|MId=o010260010031ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 אָ֔רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=land|Ref=GEN_26:1!3|MId=o010260010032|Strong=0776 7-9 מִלְּבַד֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=(from)|Ref=GEN_26:1!4|MId=o010260010041|Strong=4480 8 לְּ לְ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=|Ref=GEN_26:1!4|MId=o010260010042|Strong=3807a 9 בַד֙ בַּד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=besides|Ref=GEN_26:1!4|MId=o010260010043|Strong=0905 10-11 הָרָעָ֣ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_26:1!5|MId=o010260010051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 רָעָ֣ב רָעָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=famine|Ref=GEN_26:1!5|MId=o010260010052|Strong=7458 12-13 הָרִאשׁ֔וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=GEN_26:1!6|MId=o010260010061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 רִאשׁ֔וֹן רִאשׁוֹן ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 amod _ Gloss=former|Ref=GEN_26:1!6|MId=o010260010062|Strong=7223|Type=ordinal_number 14 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 17 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=GEN_26:1!7|MId=o010260010071|Strong=0834|Type=relative 15 הָיָ֖ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 17 cop _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=GEN_26:1!8|MId=o010260010081|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:010260010052;|Type=qatal 16-17 בִּימֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=GEN_26:1!9|MId=o010260010091|Strong=0871a 17 ימֵ֣י יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 acl:relcl _ Gloss=the.days|Ref=GEN_26:1!9|MId=o010260010092|Strong=3117 18 אַבְרָהָ֑ם אַבְרָהָם PROPN _ _ 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Abraham|Ref=GEN_26:1!10|MId=o010260010101|Strong=0085 19-20 וַיֵּ֧לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_26:1!11|MId=o010260010111|Strong=2050b 20 יֵּ֧לֶךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.went|Ref=GEN_26:1!11|MId=o010260010112|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:010260010121;|Type=wayyiqtol 21 יִצְחָ֛ק יִצְחָק PROPN _ _ 20 nsubj _ Gloss=Isaac|Ref=GEN_26:1!12|MId=o010260010121|Strong=3327 22 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_26:1!13|MId=o010260010131|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 23-24 אֲבִימֶּ֥לֶךְמֶֽלֶךְ־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 אֲבִימֶּ֥לֶךְ אֲבִימֶלֶךְ PROPN _ _ 20 obl _ Gloss=Abimelech|Ref=GEN_26:1!14|MId=o010260010141|Strong=0040 24 מֶֽלֶךְ־ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=GEN_26:1!15|MId=o010260010151|Strong=4428 25 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].Philistines|Ref=GEN_26:1!16|MId=o010260010161|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 26-27 גְּרָֽרָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 גְּרָֽר גְּרָר PROPN _ _ 20 obl _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_26:1!17|MId=o010260010171|Strong=1642 27 ָה ה X _ _ 26 nmod _ Gloss=Gerar|Ref=GEN_26:1!17|MId=o010260010172|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 28 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=GEN_26:1!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יְהִי *it was* | wayyiqtol · qal | רָעָב *a famine* | | | | | הָיָה *it was* | qatal · qal | רָעָב *famine* | | | | | יֵּלֶךְ *he went* | wayyiqtol · qal | יִצְחָק *Isaac* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה כַפְנָא בְּאַרְעָא בַּר מִכַּפְנָא קַדְמָאָה דִּי הֲוָה בְּיוֹמֵי אַבְרָהָם וַאֲזַל יִצְחָק לְוַת אֲבִימֶלֶךְ מַלְכָּא דִּפְלִשְׁתָּאֵי לִגְרָר The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And there was a famine in the land, beside the first famine that was in the days of Abraham.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.733/) 2. [And Isaac went unto Abimelech king of the Philistines unto Gerar.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.734/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:693`. - ← previous: [Genesis 25:34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.25.34/) - next →: [Genesis 26:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.26.2/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/26/)