--- title: Genesis 27:31 — And he also made savoury food, and brought it unto his father; and h… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And he also made savoury food, and brought it unto his father; and he said unto his father: 'Let my father arise, and eat of his son's venison, that thy soul may bless me.' Who acts: Esau, father, soul. Genesis 27:31 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.27.31/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/27/) / 27:31 # Genesis 27:31 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** Esau, father, soul · **What happens:** make, bring, say, let, arise, eat · **To what, where:** savoury food, food, father, me · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Genesis 27:31 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Esau, father, soul — and what happens in the verse to savoury food, food, father, me, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּ֤עַשׂ גַּם־הוּא֙ מַטְעַמִּ֔ים וַיָּבֵ֖א לְאָבִ֑יו וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לְאָבִ֗יו יָקֻ֤ם אָבִי֙ וְיֹאכַל֙ מִצֵּ֣יד בְּנ֔וֹ בַּעֲב֖וּר תְּבָרֲכַ֥נִּי נַפְשֶֽׁךָ׃ [And he also made savoury food, and brought it unto his father; and he said unto his father: 'Let my father arise, and eat of his son's venison, that thy soul may bless me.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.808/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:758 # text = וַיַּ֤עַשׂ גַּם־הוּא֙ מַטְעַמִּ֔ים וַיָּבֵ֖א לְאָבִ֑יו וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לְאָבִ֗יו יָקֻ֤ם אָבִי֙ וְיֹאכַל֙ מִצֵּ֣יד בְּנ֔וֹ בַּעֲב֖וּר תְּבָרֲכַ֥נִּי נַפְשֶֽׁךָ׃ # verse = GEN.27.31 1-2 וַיַּ֤עַשׂ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_27:31!1|MId=o010270310011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּ֤עַשׂ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.prepared|Ref=GEN_27:31!1|MId=o010270310012|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:010270310031;A1:010270310041;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 גַּם־ גַּם ADV _ _ 4 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=GEN_27:31!2|MId=o010270310021|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation|SpaceAfter=No 4 הוּא֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=GEN_27:31!3|MId=o010270310031|Strong=1931|Type=personal 5 מַטְעַמִּ֔ים מַטְעַמִּים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obj _ Gloss=delicious.food(s)|Ref=GEN_27:31!4|MId=o010270310041|Strong=4303 6-7 וַיָּבֵ֖א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_27:31!5|MId=o010270310051|Strong=2050b 7 יָּבֵ֖א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.brought.[it]|Ref=GEN_27:31!5|MId=o010270310052|Strong=0935|Frame=AA:010270300172;A0:010270310041;|Type=wayyiqtol 8-10 לְאָבִ֑יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_27:31!6|MId=o010270310061|Strong=3807a 9 אָבִ֑י אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=father|Ref=GEN_27:31!6|MId=o010270310062|Strong=0001 10 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=GEN_27:31!6|MId=o010270310063|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 11-12 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_27:31!7|MId=o010270310071|Strong=2050b 12 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=GEN_27:31!7|MId=o010270310072|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:010270300172;|Type=wayyiqtol 13-15 לְאָבִ֗יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_27:31!8|MId=o010270310081|Strong=3807a 14 אָבִ֗י אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=father|Ref=GEN_27:31!8|MId=o010270310082|Strong=0001 15 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=GEN_27:31!8|MId=o010270310083|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 16 יָקֻ֤ם קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 20 parataxis _ Gloss=let.him.arise|Ref=GEN_27:31!9|MId=o010270310091|Strong=6965|Frame=A0:010270310101;|Type=jussive 17-18 אָבִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 אָב אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ Gloss=father|Ref=GEN_27:31!10|MId=o010270310101|Strong=0001 18 ִי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=GEN_27:31!10|MId=o010270310102|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 19-20 וְיֹאכַל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_27:31!11|MId=o010270310111|Strong=2050b 20 יֹאכַל֙ אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 12 ccomp _ Gloss=let.him.eat|Ref=GEN_27:31!11|MId=o010270310112|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:010270310101;|Type=yiqtol 21-22 מִצֵּ֣יד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=some|Ref=GEN_27:31!12|MId=o010270310121|Strong=4480 22 צֵּ֣יד צַיִד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 obl _ Gloss=of.the.hunted.game|Ref=GEN_27:31!12|MId=o010270310122|Strong=6718 23-24 בְּנ֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 בְּנ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.son|Ref=GEN_27:31!13|MId=o010270310131|Strong=1121 24 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=GEN_27:31!13|MId=o010270310132|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 25-26 בַּעֲב֖וּר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=so|Ref=GEN_27:31!14|MId=o010270310141|Strong=0871a 26 עֲב֖וּר עָבוּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 nmod _ Gloss=that|Ref=GEN_27:31!14|MId=o010270310142|Strong=5668 27-28 תְּבָרֲכַ֥נִּי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 תְּבָרֲכ בָּרַךְ VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 20 parataxis _ Gloss=it|Ref=GEN_27:31!15|MId=o010270310151|Strong=1288|Frame=A1:010270310152;A0:010270310161;|Type=yiqtol 28 ַ֥נִּי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 27 obj _ Gloss=may.bless.me|Ref=GEN_27:31!15|MId=o010270310152|Strong=5204a|Type=pronominal 29-30 נַפְשֶֽׁךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 נַפְשׁ נֶפֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ Gloss=self|Ref=GEN_27:31!16|MId=o010270310161|Strong=5315 30 ֶֽךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=GEN_27:31!16|MId=o010270310162|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 31 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=GEN_27:31!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּעַשׂ *he prepared* | wayyiqtol · qal | הוּא *he* | מַטְעַמִּים *delicious food(s)* | | | | יָּבֵא *he brought \[it\]* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | מַטְעַמִּים *delicious food(s)* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יָקֻם *let him arise* | jussive · qal | אָב *father* | | | | | יֹאכַל *let him eat* | yiqtol · qal | אָב *father* | | | | | תְּבָרֲכ *it* | yiqtol · piel | נַפְשׁ *self* | ַנִּי *may bless me* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וַעֲבַד אַף הוּא תַּבְשִׁילִין וְאָעֵיל לְוַת אֲבוּהִי וַאֲמַר לַאֲבוּהִי יָקוּם אַבָּא וְיֵכוּל מִצֵידָא דִּבְרֵהּ בְּדִיל דִּי תְבָרְכִנַּנִּי נַפְשָׁךְ The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he also made savoury food, and brought it unto his father; and he said unto his father: 'Let my father arise, and eat of his son's venison, that thy soul may bless me.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.808/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:758`. - ← previous: [Genesis 27:30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.27.30/) - next →: [Genesis 27:32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.27.32/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/27/)