--- title: Genesis 28:18 — And Jacob rose up early in the morning, and took the stone that he h… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Jacob rose up early in the morning, and took the stone that he had put under his head, and set it up for a pillar, and poured oil upon the top of it. Who acts: Jacob. Genesis 28:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.28.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/28/) / 28:18 # Genesis 28:18 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** Jacob · **What happens:** rise up, take, put, set up, pour · **To what, where:** stone, head, place, oil This is Genesis 28:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jacob — and what happens in the verse to stone, head, place, oil, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֨ם יַעֲקֹ֜ב בַּבֹּ֗קֶר וַיִּקַּ֤ח אֶת־הָאֶ֙בֶן֙ אֲשֶׁר־שָׂ֣ם מְרַֽאֲשֹׁתָ֔יו וַיָּ֥שֶׂם אֹתָ֖הּ מַצֵּבָ֑ה וַיִּצֹ֥ק שֶׁ֖מֶן עַל־רֹאשָֽׁהּ׃ [And Jacob rose up early in the morning, and took the stone that he had put under his head, and set it up for a pillar, and poured oil upon the top of it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.845/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:791 # text = וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֨ם יַעֲקֹ֜ב בַּבֹּ֗קֶר וַיִּקַּ֤ח אֶת־הָאֶ֙בֶן֙ אֲשֶׁר־שָׂ֣ם מְרַֽאֲשֹׁתָ֔יו וַיָּ֥שֶׂם אֹתָ֖הּ מַצֵּבָ֑ה וַיִּצֹ֥ק שֶׁ֖מֶן עַל־רֹאשָֽׁהּ׃ # verse = GEN.28.18 1-2 וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֨ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_28:18!1|MId=o010280180011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּשְׁכֵּ֨ם שָׁכַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.rose.early|Ref=GEN_28:18!1|MId=o010280180012|Strong=7925|Frame=A0:010280180021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יַעֲקֹ֜ב יַעֲקֹב PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Jacob|Ref=GEN_28:18!2|MId=o010280180021|Strong=3290 4-6 בַּבֹּ֗קֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=GEN_28:18!3|MId=o010280180031|Strong=0871a 5 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_28:18!3|MId=o010280180031ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 בֹּ֗קֶר בֹּקֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=morning|Ref=GEN_28:18!3|MId=o010280180032|Strong=1242 7-8 וַיִּקַּ֤ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_28:18!4|MId=o010280180041|Strong=2050b 8 יִּקַּ֤ח לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.took|Ref=GEN_28:18!4|MId=o010280180042|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:010280180021;A1:010280180062;|Type=wayyiqtol 9 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=GEN_28:18!5|MId=o010280180051|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 10-11 הָאֶ֙בֶן֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_28:18!6|MId=o010280180061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 אֶ֙בֶן֙ אֶבֶן NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 obj _ Gloss=stone|Ref=GEN_28:18!6|MId=o010280180062|Strong=0068 12 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 13 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=GEN_28:18!7|MId=o010280180071|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 13 שָׂ֣ם שׂים VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 11 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.had.put|Ref=GEN_28:18!8|MId=o010280180081|Strong=7760|Frame=A0:010280180021;A1:010280180062;|Type=qatal 14-15 מְרַֽאֲשֹׁתָ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 מְרַֽאֲשֹׁתָ֔י מְרַאֲשָׁוֹת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 13 obl _ Gloss=of.his.head|Ref=GEN_28:18!9|MId=o010280180091|Strong=4763 15 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=the.place|Ref=GEN_28:18!9|MId=o010280180092|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 16-17 וַיָּ֥שֶׂם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_28:18!10|MId=o010280180101|Strong=2050b 17 יָּ֥שֶׂם שׂים VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.set.up|Ref=GEN_28:18!10|MId=o010280180102|Strong=7760|Frame=A0:010280180021;A1:010280180112;|Type=wayyiqtol 18-19 אֹתָ֖הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=|Ref=GEN_28:18!11|MId=o010280180111|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 19 ָ֖הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 obj _ Gloss=it|Ref=GEN_28:18!11|MId=o010280180112|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 20 מַצֵּבָ֑ה מַצֵּבָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 xcomp _ Gloss=a.pillar|Ref=GEN_28:18!12|MId=o010280180121|Strong=4676 21-22 וַיִּצֹ֥ק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_28:18!13|MId=o010280180131|Strong=2050b 22 יִּצֹ֥ק יָצַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.poured|Ref=GEN_28:18!13|MId=o010280180132|Strong=3332|Frame=A0:010280180021;A1:010280180141;|Type=wayyiqtol 23 שֶׁ֖מֶן שֶׁמֶן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obj _ Gloss=oil|Ref=GEN_28:18!14|MId=o010280180141|Strong=8081 24 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=GEN_28:18!15|MId=o010280180151|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 25-26 רֹאשָֽׁהּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 רֹאשׁ רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=top|Ref=GEN_28:18!16|MId=o010280180161|Strong=7218 26 ָֽהּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=GEN_28:18!16|MId=o010280180162|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=GEN_28:18!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּשְׁכֵּם *he rose early* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | יַעֲקֹב *Jacob* | | | | | יִּקַּח *he took* | wayyiqtol · qal | יַעֲקֹב *Jacob* | אֶבֶן *stone* | | | | שָׂם *he had put* | qatal · qal | יַעֲקֹב *Jacob* | אֶבֶן *stone* | | | | יָּשֶׂם *he set up* | wayyiqtol · qal | יַעֲקֹב *Jacob* | ָהּ *it* | | | | יִּצֹק *he poured* | wayyiqtol · qal | יַעֲקֹב *Jacob* | שֶׁמֶן *oil* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְאַקְדֵים יַעֲקֹב בְּצַפְרָא וּנְסִיב יָת אַבְנָא דִי שַׁוִּי אִסָדוֹהִי וְשַׁוִּי יָתַהּ קָמָא וַאֲרִיק מִשְׁחָא עַל רֵישֵׁהּ The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Jacob rose up early in the morning, and took the stone that he had put under his head, and set it up for a pillar, and poured oil upon the top of it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.845/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:791`. - ← previous: [Genesis 28:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.28.17/) - next →: [Genesis 28:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.28.19/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/28/)