--- title: Genesis 31:1 — And he heard the words of Laban's sons, saying: 'Jacob hath taken aw… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And he heard the words of Laban's sons, saying: 'Jacob hath taken away all that was our father's; and of that which was our father's hath he gotten all this wealth.' Who acts: he, Jacob. Genesis 31:1 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.31.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/31/) / 31:1 # Genesis 31:1 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** he, Jacob · **What happens:** hear, say, take away, be, gotten, word · **To what, where:** words, all, wealth, sons · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Genesis 31:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — he, Jacob — and what happens in the verse to words, all, wealth, sons, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּשְׁמַ֗ע אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֤י בְנֵֽי־לָבָן֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר לָקַ֣ח יַעֲקֹ֔ב אֵ֖ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר לְאָבִ֑ינוּ וּמֵאֲשֶׁ֣ר לְאָבִ֔ינוּ עָשָׂ֕ה אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַכָּבֹ֖ד הַזֶּֽה׃ [And he heard the words of Laban's sons, saying: 'Jacob hath taken away all that was our father's; and of that which was our father's hath he gotten all this wealth.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.934/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:874 # text = וַיִּשְׁמַ֗ע אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֤י בְנֵֽי־לָבָן֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר לָקַ֣ח יַעֲקֹ֔ב אֵ֖ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר לְאָבִ֑ינוּ וּמֵאֲשֶׁ֣ר לְאָבִ֔ינוּ עָשָׂ֕ה אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַכָּבֹ֖ד הַזֶּֽה׃ # verse = GEN.31.1 1-2 וַיִּשְׁמַ֗ע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_31:1!1|MId=o010310010011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּשְׁמַ֗ע שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.heard|Ref=GEN_31:1!1|MId=o010310010012|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:010300430022;A1:010310010031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=GEN_31:1!2|MId=o010310010021|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 4 דִּבְרֵ֤י דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obj _ Gloss=the.words|Ref=GEN_31:1!3|MId=o010310010031|Strong=1697 5 בְנֵֽי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.sons|Ref=GEN_31:1!4|MId=o010310010041|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 6 לָבָן֙ לָבָן PROPN _ _ 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Laban|Ref=GEN_31:1!5|MId=o010310010051|Strong=3837 7-8 לֵאמֹ֔ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 9 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=GEN_31:1!6|MId=o010310010061|Strong=3807a 8 אמֹ֔ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 7 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=GEN_31:1!6|MId=o010310010062|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:010310010031;|Type=infinitive_construct 9 לָקַ֣ח לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 advcl _ Gloss=he.has.taken|Ref=GEN_31:1!7|MId=o010310010071|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:010310010081;A1:010310010101;|Type=qatal 10 יַעֲקֹ֔ב יַעֲקֹב PROPN _ _ 9 nsubj _ Gloss=Jacob|Ref=GEN_31:1!8|MId=o010310010081|Strong=3290 11 אֵ֖ת אֵת ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=GEN_31:1!9|MId=o010310010091|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 12 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=GEN_31:1!10|MId=o010310010101|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 13 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 15 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=GEN_31:1!11|MId=o010310010111|Strong=0834|Type=relative 14-16 לְאָבִ֑ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=[belonged].to|Ref=GEN_31:1!12|MId=o010310010121|Strong=3807a 15 אָבִ֑י אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 acl:relcl _ Gloss=father|Ref=GEN_31:1!12|MId=o010310010122|Strong=0001 16 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=GEN_31:1!12|MId=o010310010123|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 17-19 וּמֵאֲשֶׁ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_31:1!13|MId=o010310010131|Strong=2050b 18 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 23 obl _ Gloss=from.[that]|Ref=GEN_31:1!13|MId=o010310010132|Strong=4480 19 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 21 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=GEN_31:1!13|MId=o010310010133|Strong=0834|Type=relative 20-22 לְאָבִ֔ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=[belonged].to|Ref=GEN_31:1!14|MId=o010310010141|Strong=3807a 21 אָבִ֔י אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 acl:relcl _ Gloss=father|Ref=GEN_31:1!14|MId=o010310010142|Strong=0001 22 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=GEN_31:1!14|MId=o010310010143|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 23 עָשָׂ֕ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 conj _ Gloss=he.has.acquired|Ref=GEN_31:1!15|MId=o010310010151|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:010310010081;A1:010310010182;|Type=qatal 24 אֵ֥ת אֵת ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=GEN_31:1!16|MId=o010310010161|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 25 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=GEN_31:1!17|MId=o010310010171|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 26-27 הַכָּבֹ֖ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_31:1!18|MId=o010310010181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 כָּבֹ֖ד כָּבוֹד NOUN _ Number=Sing 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=abundance|Ref=GEN_31:1!18|MId=o010310010182|Strong=3519 28-29 הַזֶּֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=GEN_31:1!19|MId=o010310010191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 זֶּֽה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 27 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=GEN_31:1!19|MId=o010310010192|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=GEN_31:1!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּשְׁמַע *he heard* | wayyiqtol · qal | | דִּבְרֵי *the words* | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | דִּבְרֵי *the words* | | | | | לָקַח *he has taken* | qatal · qal | יַעֲקֹב *Jacob* | כָּל־ *all* | | | | עָשָׂה *he has acquired* | qatal · qal | יַעֲקֹב *Jacob* | כָּבֹד *abundance* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּשְׁמַע יָת פִתְגָּמֵי בְנֵי לָבָן דְּאָמְרִין נְסִיב יַעֲקֹב יָת כָּל דִּי לְאָבוּנָא וּמִדִּי לְאָבוּנָא קְנָא יָת כָּל נִכְסַיָּא הָדֵין The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he heard the words of Laban's sons, saying: 'Jacob hath taken away all that was our father's; and of that which was our father's hath he gotten all this wealth.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.934/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:874`. - ← previous: [Genesis 30:43](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.30.43/) - next →: [Genesis 31:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.31.2/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/31/)