--- title: Genesis 31:18 — and he carried away all his cattle, and all his substance which he h… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and he carried away all his cattle, and all his substance which he had gathered, the cattle of his getting, which he had gathered in Paddan-aram, to go to Isaac his father unto the land of Canaan. Who acts: Jacob. Genesis 31:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pra --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.31.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/31/) / 31:18 # Genesis 31:18 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** Jacob · **What happens:** carry away, gather, go · **To what, where:** cattle, substance, Paddan aram, Isaac This is Genesis 31:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jacob — and what happens in the verse to cattle, substance, Paddan aram, Isaac, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּנְהַ֣ג אֶת־כָּל־מִקְנֵ֗הוּ וְאֶת־כָּל־רְכֻשׁוֹ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר רָכָ֔שׁ מִקְנֵה֙ קִנְיָנ֔וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר רָכַ֖שׁ בְּפַדַּ֣נ אֲרָ֑ם פַדַּ֣נ אֲרָ֑ם לָב֛וֹא אֶל־יִצְחָ֥ק אָבִ֖יו אַ֥רְצָה כְּנָֽעַן׃ [and he carried away all his cattle, and all his substance which he had gathered, the cattle of his getting, which he had gathered in Paddan-aram, to go to Isaac his father unto the land of Canaan.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.953/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:891 # text = וַיִּנְהַ֣ג אֶת־כָּל־מִקְנֵ֗הוּ וְאֶת־כָּל־רְכֻשׁוֹ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר רָכָ֔שׁ מִקְנֵה֙ קִנְיָנ֔וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר רָכַ֖שׁ בְּפַדַּ֣נ אֲרָ֑ם פַדַּ֣נ אֲרָ֑ם לָב֛וֹא אֶל־יִצְחָ֥ק אָבִ֖יו אַ֥רְצָה כְּנָֽעַן׃ # verse = GEN.31.18 1-2 וַיִּנְהַ֣ג _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_31:18!1|MId=o010310180011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּנְהַ֣ג נָהַג VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.drove|Ref=GEN_31:18!1|MId=o010310180012|Strong=5090|Frame=A0:010310170021;A1:010310180041;010310180071;010310180101;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=GEN_31:18!2|MId=o010310180021|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 4 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=GEN_31:18!3|MId=o010310180031|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 5-6 מִקְנֵ֗הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 מִקְנ מִקְנֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=livestock|Ref=GEN_31:18!4|MId=o010310180041|Strong=4735 6 ֵ֗הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=GEN_31:18!4|MId=o010310180042|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 7-8 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_31:18!5|MId=o010310180051|Strong=2050b 8 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=GEN_31:18!5|MId=o010310180052|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 9 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=GEN_31:18!6|MId=o010310180061|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 10-11 רְכֻשׁוֹ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 רְכֻשׁ רְכוּשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=possession[s]|Ref=GEN_31:18!7|MId=o010310180071|Strong=7399 11 וֹ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=GEN_31:18!7|MId=o010310180072|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 12 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 13 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=GEN_31:18!8|MId=o010310180081|Strong=0834|Type=relative 13 רָכָ֔שׁ רָכַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.had.accumulated|Ref=GEN_31:18!9|MId=o010310180091|Strong=7408|Frame=A0:010310170021;A1:010310180071;|Type=qatal 14 מִקְנֵה֙ מִקְנֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=the.livestock|Ref=GEN_31:18!10|MId=o010310180101|Strong=4735 15-16 קִנְיָנ֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 קִנְיָנ קִנְיָן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.acquisition|Ref=GEN_31:18!11|MId=o010310180111|Strong=7075 16 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=GEN_31:18!11|MId=o010310180112|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 17 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 18 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=GEN_31:18!12|MId=o010310180121|Strong=0834|Type=relative 18 רָכַ֖שׁ רָכַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 14 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.had.accumulated|Ref=GEN_31:18!13|MId=o010310180131|Strong=7408|Frame=A0:010310170021;A1:010310180101;|Type=qatal 19-20 בְּפַדַּ֣נ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=GEN_31:18!14|MId=o010310180141|Strong=0871a 20 פַדַּ֣נ פַּדָּן PROPN _ _ 18 obl _ Gloss=Paddan|Ref=GEN_31:18!14|MId=o010310180142 21 אֲרָ֑ם _ PROPN _ _ 20 flat:name _ Ref=GEN_31:18!14 22 פַדַּ֣נ אֲרָם PROPN _ _ 20 nmod _ Gloss=Aram|Ref=GEN_31:18!15|MId=o010310180151 23 אֲרָ֑ם _ PROPN _ _ 22 flat:name _ Ref=GEN_31:18!15 24-25 לָב֛וֹא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_31:18!16|MId=o010310180161|Strong=3807a 25 ב֛וֹא בּוֹא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 advcl _ Gloss=go|Ref=GEN_31:18!16|MId=o010310180162|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:010310170021;|Type=infinitive_construct 26 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_31:18!17|MId=o010310180171|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 27 יִצְחָ֥ק יִצְחָק PROPN _ _ 25 obl _ Gloss=Isaac|Ref=GEN_31:18!18|MId=o010310180181|Strong=3327 28-29 אָבִ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 אָבִ֖י אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 appos _ Gloss=father|Ref=GEN_31:18!19|MId=o010310180191|Strong=0001 29 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=GEN_31:18!19|MId=o010310180192|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 30-31 אַ֥רְצָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 אַ֥רְצ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 25 obl _ Gloss=the.land|Ref=GEN_31:18!20|MId=o010310180201|Strong=0776 31 ָה ה X _ _ 30 nmod _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_31:18!20|MId=o010310180202|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 32 כְּנָֽעַן כְּנַעַן PROPN _ _ 30 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Canaan|Ref=GEN_31:18!21|MId=o010310180211|Strong=3667|SpaceAfter=No 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=GEN_31:18!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּנְהַג *he drove* | wayyiqtol · qal | | מִקְנ *livestock* + רְכֻשׁ *possession\[s\]* + מִקְנֵה *the livestock* | | | | רָכָשׁ *he had accumulated* | qatal · qal | | רְכֻשׁ *possession\[s\]* | | | | רָכַשׁ *he had accumulated* | qatal · qal | | מִקְנֵה *the livestock* | | | | בוֹא *go* | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּדְבַר יָת כָּל גֵּיתוֹהִי וְיָת כָּל קִנְיָנֵהּ דִּקְנָא גֵּיתֵי קִנְיָנֵהּ דִּי קְנָא בְּפַדַּן אֲרָם לְמֵיתֵי לְוַת יִצְחָק אֲבוּהִי לְאַרְעָא כְנָעַן The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and he carried away all his cattle, and all his substance which he had gathered, the cattle of his getting, which he had gathered in Paddan-aram, to go to Isaac his father unto the land of Canaan.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.953/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:891`. - ← previous: [Genesis 31:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.31.17/) - next →: [Genesis 31:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.31.19/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/31/)