--- title: Genesis 31:42 — Except the God of my father, the God of Abraham, and the Fear of Isa… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Except the God of my father, the God of Abraham, and the Fear of Isaac, had been on my side, surely now hadst thou sent me away empty. God hath seen mine affliction and the labour of my hands, and gave judgment yesternight.' Who acts: God, thou, mine. Genesis 31:42 in Hebrew with its dependency tree --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.31.42/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/31/) / 31:42 # Genesis 31:42 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** God, thou, mine · **What happens:** be, send away, see, give, afflict · **To what, where:** side, me, affliction, judgment This is Genesis 31:42 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — God, thou, mine — and what happens in the verse to side, me, affliction, judgment, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. לוּלֵ֡י אֱלֹהֵ֣י אָבִי֩ אֱלֹהֵ֨י אַבְרָהָ֜ם וּפַ֤חַד יִצְחָק֙ הָ֣יָה לִ֔י כִּ֥י עַתָּ֖ה רֵיקָ֣ם שִׁלַּחְתָּ֑נִי אֶת־עָנְיִ֞י וְאֶת־יְגִ֧יעַכַּפַּ֛י רָאָ֥ה אֱלֹהִ֖ים וַיּ֥וֹכַח אָֽמֶשׁ׃ [Except the God of my father, the God of Abraham, and the Fear of Isaac, had been on my side, surely now hadst thou sent me away empty.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.983/) [God hath seen mine affliction and the labour of my hands, and gave judgment yesternight.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.984/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:915 # text = לוּלֵ֡י אֱלֹהֵ֣י אָבִי֩ אֱלֹהֵ֨י אַבְרָהָ֜ם וּפַ֤חַד יִצְחָק֙ הָ֣יָה לִ֔י כִּ֥י עַתָּ֖ה רֵיקָ֣ם שִׁלַּחְתָּ֑נִי אֶת־עָנְיִ֞י וְאֶת־יְגִ֧יעַכַּפַּ֛י רָאָ֥ה אֱלֹהִ֖ים וַיּ֥וֹכַח אָֽמֶשׁ׃ # verse = GEN.31.42 1 לוּלֵ֡י לוּלֵא CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=if.not|Ref=GEN_31:42!1|MId=o010310420011|Strong=3884 2 אֱלֹהֵ֣י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 nsubj _ Gloss=the.God|Ref=GEN_31:42!2|MId=o010310420021|Strong=0430 3-4 אָבִי֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אָב אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=my.father|Ref=GEN_31:42!3|MId=o010310420031|Strong=0001 4 ִי֩ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=GEN_31:42!3|MId=o010310420032|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 5 אֱלֹהֵ֨י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 appos _ Gloss=the.God|Ref=GEN_31:42!4|MId=o010310420041|Strong=0430 6 אַבְרָהָ֜ם אַבְרָהָם PROPN _ _ 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Abraham|Ref=GEN_31:42!5|MId=o010310420051|Strong=0085 7-8 וּפַ֤חַד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_31:42!6|MId=o010310420061|Strong=2050b 8 פַ֤חַד פַּחַד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 conj _ Gloss=the.fear|Ref=GEN_31:42!6|MId=o010310420062|Strong=6343 9 יִצְחָק֙ יִצְחָק PROPN _ _ 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Isaac|Ref=GEN_31:42!7|MId=o010310420071|Strong=3327 10 הָ֣יָה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 12 cop _ Gloss=he.had.been|Ref=GEN_31:42!8|MId=o010310420081|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:010310420021;|Type=qatal 11-12 לִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 ל לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=GEN_31:42!9|MId=o010310420091|Strong=3807a 12 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 0 root _ Gloss=me|Ref=GEN_31:42!9|MId=o010310420092|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 13 כִּ֥י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 16 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=GEN_31:42!10|MId=o010310420101|Strong=3588 14 עַתָּ֖ה עַתָּה ADV _ _ 16 advmod _ Gloss=now|Ref=GEN_31:42!11|MId=o010310420111|Strong=6258 15 רֵיקָ֣ם רֵיקָם ADV _ _ 16 advmod _ Gloss=empty|Ref=GEN_31:42!12|MId=o010310420121|Strong=7387 16-17 שִׁלַּחְתָּ֑נִי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 שִׁלַּחְתָּ֑ שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 12 advcl _ Gloss=you|Ref=GEN_31:42!13|MId=o010310420131|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:010310360082;A1:010310420132;|Type=qatal 17 נִי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 16 obj _ Gloss=sent.me.away|Ref=GEN_31:42!13|MId=o010310420132|Strong=5204a|Type=pronominal 18 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=GEN_31:42!14|MId=o010310420141|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 19-20 עָנְיִ֞י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 עָנְי עֳנִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 obj _ Gloss=affliction|Ref=GEN_31:42!15|MId=o010310420151|Strong=6040 20 ִ֞י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=GEN_31:42!15|MId=o010310420152|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 21-22 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_31:42!16|MId=o010310420161|Strong=2050b 22 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=GEN_31:42!16|MId=o010310420162|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 23-25 יְגִ֧יעַכַּפַּ֛י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 יְגִ֧יעַ יְגִיעַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 conj _ Gloss=the.toil|Ref=GEN_31:42!17|MId=o010310420171|Strong=3018 24 כַּפּ כַּף NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Dual 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=my.hands|Ref=GEN_31:42!18|MId=o010310420181|Strong=3709 25 ַ֛י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=GEN_31:42!18|MId=o010310420182|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 26 רָאָ֥ה רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 12 parataxis _ Gloss=he.has.seen|Ref=GEN_31:42!19|MId=o010310420191|Strong=7200|Frame=A1:010310420151;010310420171;A0:010310420201;|Type=qatal 27 אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 26 nsubj _ Gloss=God|Ref=GEN_31:42!20|MId=o010310420201|Strong=0430 28-29 וַיּ֥וֹכַח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_31:42!21|MId=o010310420211|Strong=2050b 29 יּ֥וֹכַח יָכַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 12 conj _ Gloss=he.decided|Ref=GEN_31:42!21|MId=o010310420212|Strong=3198|Frame=AA:010310420201;A0:010310360082;|Type=wayyiqtol 30 אָֽמֶשׁ אֶמֶשׁ ADV _ _ 29 advmod _ Gloss=last.night|Ref=GEN_31:42!22|MId=o010310420221|Strong=0570|SpaceAfter=No 31 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=GEN_31:42!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הָיָה *he had been* | qatal · qal | אֱלֹהֵי *the God* | | | | | שִׁלַּחְתָּ *you* | qatal · piel | | נִי *sent me away* | | | | רָאָה *he has seen* | qatal · qal | אֱלֹהִים *God* | עָנְי *affliction* + יְגִיעַ *the toil* | | | | יּוֹכַח *he decided* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | | | | אֱלֹהִים *God* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} אִילוּלָא פוֹן אֱלָהֵהּ דְּאַבָּא אֱלָהֵהּ דְּאַבְרָהָם וּדְדָחִיל לֵהּ יִצְחָק הֲוָה בְּסַעְדִּי אֲרֵי כְעַן רֵיקָן שִׁלַּחְתָּנִי יָת עַמְלִי וְיָת לֵיאוּת יְדַי גְלֵי קֳדָם יְיָ וְאוֹכַח בְּרַמְשָׁא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Except the God of my father, the God of Abraham, and the Fear of Isaac, had been on my side, surely now hadst thou sent me away empty.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.983/) 2. [God hath seen mine affliction and the labour of my hands, and gave judgment yesternight.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.984/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:915`. - ← previous: [Genesis 31:41](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.31.41/) - next →: [Genesis 31:43](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.31.43/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/31/)