--- title: Genesis 37:2 — These are the generations of Jacob. Joseph, being seventeen years ol… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: These are the generations of Jacob. Joseph, being seventeen years old, was feeding the flock with his brethren, being still a lad even with the sons of Bilhah, and with the sons of Zilpah, his father's wives; and Joseph brought evil report of them unto their father. Who acts: These, Joseph. Genesis --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.37.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/37/) / 37:2 # Genesis 37:2 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** These, Joseph · **What happens:** be, feed, bring, report · **To what, where:** generations, flock, lad, evil report, wives This is Genesis 37:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — These, Joseph — and what happens in the verse to generations, flock, lad, evil report, wives, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. אֵ֣לֶּה ׀ תֹּלְד֣וֹת יַעֲקֹ֗ב יוֹסֵ֞ף בֶּן־שְׁבַֽע־עֶשְׂרֵ֤ה שָׁנָה֙ הָיָ֨ה רֹעֶ֤ה אֶת־אֶחָיו֙ בַּצֹּ֔אן וְה֣וּא נַ֗עַר אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י בִלְהָ֛ה וְאֶת־בְּנֵ֥י זִלְפָּ֖ה נְשֵׁ֣י אָבִ֑יו וַיָּבֵ֥א יוֹסֵ֛ף אֶת־דִּבָּתָ֥ם רָעָ֖ה אֶל־אֲבִיהֶֽם׃ [These are the generations of Jacob.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1176/) [Joseph, being seventeen years old, was feeding the flock with his brethren, being still a lad even with the sons of Bilhah, and with the sons of Zilpah, his father's wives; and Joseph brought evil report of them unto their father.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1177/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:1085 # text = אֵ֣לֶּה ׀ תֹּלְד֣וֹת יַעֲקֹ֗ב יוֹסֵ֞ף בֶּן־שְׁבַֽע־עֶשְׂרֵ֤ה שָׁנָה֙ הָיָ֨ה רֹעֶ֤ה אֶת־אֶחָיו֙ בַּצֹּ֔אן וְה֣וּא נַ֗עַר אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י בִלְהָ֛ה וְאֶת־בְּנֵ֥י זִלְפָּ֖ה נְשֵׁ֣י אָבִ֑יו וַיָּבֵ֥א יוֹסֵ֛ף אֶת־דִּבָּתָ֥ם רָעָ֖ה אֶל־אֲבִיהֶֽם׃ # verse = GEN.37.2 1 אֵ֣לֶּה אֵלֶּה PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 0 root _ Gloss=these|Ref=GEN_37:2!1|MId=o010370020011|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 2 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 1 punct _ Ref=GEN_37:2!1 3 תֹּלְד֣וֹת תּוֹלֵדוֹת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 1 nsubj _ Gloss=[are].the.accounts|Ref=GEN_37:2!2|MId=o010370020021|Strong=8435 4 יַעֲקֹ֗ב יַעֲקֹב PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Jacob|Ref=GEN_37:2!3|MId=o010370020031|Strong=3290 5 יוֹסֵ֞ף יוֹסֵף PROPN _ _ 11 nsubj _ Gloss=Joseph|Ref=GEN_37:2!4|MId=o010370020041|Strong=3130 6 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 appos _ Gloss=[was].a.son|Ref=GEN_37:2!5|MId=o010370020051|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 7 שְׁבַֽע־ שֶׁבַע NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 nummod _ Gloss=of.seven-|Ref=GEN_37:2!6|MId=o010370020061|Strong=7651|Type=cardinal_number|SpaceAfter=No 8 עֶשְׂרֵ֤ה עֶשְׂרֵה NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 flat _ Gloss=teen|Ref=GEN_37:2!7|MId=o010370020071|Strong=6240|Type=cardinal_number 9 שָׁנָה֙ שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=year[s]|Ref=GEN_37:2!8|MId=o010370020081|Strong=8141 10 הָיָ֨ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 11 cop _ Gloss=he.was|Ref=GEN_37:2!9|MId=o010370020091|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:010370020041;|Type=qatal 11 רֹעֶ֤ה רָעָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 1 parataxis _ Gloss=shepherding|Ref=GEN_37:2!10|MId=o010370020101|Strong=7462|Frame=A0:010370020041;|Type=participle_active 12 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=GEN_37:2!11|MId=o010370020111|Strong=0854|SpaceAfter=No 13-14 אֶחָיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 אֶחָי אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 obl _ Gloss=brothers|Ref=GEN_37:2!12|MId=o010370020121|Strong=0251 14 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=GEN_37:2!12|MId=o010370020122|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 15-17 בַּצֹּ֔אן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=(in)|Ref=GEN_37:2!13|MId=o010370020131|Strong=0871a 16 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_37:2!13|MId=o010370020131ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 צֹּ֔אן צֹאן NOUN _ Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=flock|Ref=GEN_37:2!13|MId=o010370020132|Strong=6629 18-19 וְה֣וּא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_37:2!14|MId=o010370020141|Strong=2050b 19 ה֣וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=GEN_37:2!14|MId=o010370020142|Strong=1931|Type=personal 20 נַ֗עַר נַעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 conj _ Gloss=[was].a.youth|Ref=GEN_37:2!15|MId=o010370020151|Strong=5288 21 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=GEN_37:2!16|MId=o010370020161|Strong=0854|SpaceAfter=No 22 בְּנֵ֥י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 20 obl _ Gloss=the.sons|Ref=GEN_37:2!17|MId=o010370020171|Strong=1121 23 בִלְהָ֛ה בִּלְהָה PROPN _ _ 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Bilhah|Ref=GEN_37:2!18|MId=o010370020181|Strong=1090 24-25 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_37:2!19|MId=o010370020191|Strong=2050b 25 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=GEN_37:2!19|MId=o010370020192|Strong=0854 26 בְּנֵ֥י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 22 conj _ Gloss=the.sons|Ref=GEN_37:2!20|MId=o010370020201|Strong=1121 27 זִלְפָּ֖ה זִלְפָּה PROPN _ _ 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Zilpah|Ref=GEN_37:2!21|MId=o010370020211|Strong=2153 28 נְשֵׁ֣י אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 1 parataxis _ Gloss=the.wives|Ref=GEN_37:2!22|MId=o010370020221|Strong=0802 29-30 אָבִ֑יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 אָבִ֑י אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.father|Ref=GEN_37:2!23|MId=o010370020231|Strong=0001 30 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=GEN_37:2!23|MId=o010370020232|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 31-32 וַיָּבֵ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_37:2!24|MId=o010370020241|Strong=2050b 32 יָּבֵ֥א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 conj _ Gloss=he.brought|Ref=GEN_37:2!24|MId=o010370020242|Strong=0935|Frame=AA:010370020251;A0:010370020271;|Type=wayyiqtol 33 יוֹסֵ֛ף יוֹסֵף PROPN _ _ 32 nsubj _ Gloss=Joseph|Ref=GEN_37:2!25|MId=o010370020251|Strong=3130 34 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=GEN_37:2!26|MId=o010370020261|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 35-36 דִּבָּתָ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 דִּבָּת דִּבָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 32 obj _ Gloss=report|Ref=GEN_37:2!27|MId=o010370020271|Strong=1681 36 ָ֥ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=GEN_37:2!27|MId=o010370020272|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 37 רָעָ֖ה רַע ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 35 amod _ Gloss=bad|Ref=GEN_37:2!28|MId=o010370020281|Strong=7451|Type=adjective 38 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 39 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_37:2!29|MId=o010370020291|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 39-40 אֲבִיהֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 אֲבִי אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 32 obl _ Gloss=father|Ref=GEN_37:2!30|MId=o010370020301|Strong=0001 40 הֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=GEN_37:2!30|MId=o010370020302|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 41 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 40 punct _ Ref=GEN_37:2!30 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הָיָה *he was* | qatal · qal | יוֹסֵף *Joseph* | | | | | רֹעֶה *shepherding* | participle active · qal | יוֹסֵף *Joseph* | | | | | יָּבֵא *he brought* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | דִּבָּת *report* | | | יוֹסֵף *Joseph* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} אִלֵּין תּוּלְדַת יַעֲקֹב יוֹסֵף בַּר שְׁבַע עַסְרֵי שְׁנִין (כַּד) הֲוָה רָעֵי עִם אֲחוֹהִי בַּעֲנָא וְהוּא מְרַבֵּי עִם בְנֵי בִלְהָה וְעִם בְּנֵי זִלְפָּה נְשֵׁי אֲבוּהִי וְאַיְתִי יוֹסֵף יָת דִּבְּהוֹן בִּישָׁא לְוַת אֲבוּהוֹן The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [These are the generations of Jacob.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1176/) 2. [Joseph, being seventeen years old, was feeding the flock with his brethren, being still a lad even with the sons of Bilhah, and with the sons of Zilpah, his father's wives; and Joseph brought evil report of them unto their father.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1177/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:1085`. - ← previous: [Genesis 37:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.37.1/) - next →: [Genesis 37:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.37.3/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/37/)