--- title: Genesis 37:24 — and they took him, and cast him into the pit — and the pit was empty… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and they took him, and cast him into the pit — and the pit was empty, there was no water in it. Who acts: brethren, pit, water. Genesis 37:24 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.37.24/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/37/) / 37:24 # Genesis 37:24 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** brethren, pit, water · **What happens:** take, cast, be · **To what, where:** Joseph, pit, hand This is Genesis 37:24 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — brethren, pit, water — and what happens in the verse to Joseph, pit, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּ֨קָּחֻ֔הוּ וַיַּשְׁלִ֥כוּ אֹת֖וֹ הַבֹּ֑רָה וְהַבּ֣וֹר רֵ֔ק אֵ֥ין בּ֖וֹ מָֽיִם׃ [and they took him, and cast him into the pit — and the pit was empty, there was no water in it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1202/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:1107 # text = וַיִּ֨קָּחֻ֔הוּ וַיַּשְׁלִ֥כוּ אֹת֖וֹ הַבֹּ֑רָה וְהַבּ֣וֹר רֵ֔ק אֵ֥ין בּ֖וֹ מָֽיִם׃ # verse = GEN.37.24 1-3 וַיִּ֨קָּחֻ֔הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_37:24!1|MId=o010370240011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּ֨קָּחֻ֔ לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they|Ref=GEN_37:24!1|MId=o010370240012|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:010370230061;A1:010370240013;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obj _ Gloss=took.him|Ref=GEN_37:24!1|MId=o010370240013|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 4-5 וַיַּשְׁלִ֥כוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_37:24!2|MId=o010370240021|Strong=2050b 5 יַּשְׁלִ֥כוּ שָׁלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.threw|Ref=GEN_37:24!2|MId=o010370240022|Strong=7993|Frame=AA:010370230061;A0:010370240032;|Type=wayyiqtol 6-7 אֹת֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=|Ref=GEN_37:24!3|MId=o010370240031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 7 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 obj _ Gloss=him|Ref=GEN_37:24!3|MId=o010370240032|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 8-10 הַבֹּ֑רָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_37:24!4|MId=o010370240041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 בֹּ֑ר בּוֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 obl _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_37:24!4|MId=o010370240042|Strong=0953 10 ָה ה X _ _ 9 nmod _ Gloss=pit|Ref=GEN_37:24!4|MId=o010370240043|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 11-13 וְהַבּ֣וֹר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_37:24!5|MId=o010370240051|Strong=2050b 12 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_37:24!5|MId=o010370240052|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 בּ֣וֹר בּוֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ Gloss=pit|Ref=GEN_37:24!5|MId=o010370240053|Strong=0953 14 רֵ֔ק רֵיק ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=[was].empty|Ref=GEN_37:24!6|MId=o010370240061|Strong=7386|Type=adjective 15 אֵ֥ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 2 parataxis _ Gloss=there.[was].not|Ref=GEN_37:24!7|MId=o010370240071|Strong=0369|Type=negative 16-17 בּ֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=GEN_37:24!8|MId=o010370240081|Strong=0871a 17 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=GEN_37:24!8|MId=o010370240082|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 18 מָֽיִם מַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ Gloss=water|Ref=GEN_37:24!9|MId=o010370240091|Strong=4325|SpaceAfter=No 19 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 18 punct _ Ref=GEN_37:24!9 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** יִּקָּחֻ *they* | wayyiqtol · qal | | הוּ *took him* | | | | יַּשְׁלִכוּ *they threw* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | וֹ *him* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְנָסְבוּהִי וּרְמוֹ יָתֵהּ לְגֻבָּא וְגֻבָּא רֵיקָא לֵית בֵּהּ מַיָּא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and they took him, and cast him into the pit — and the pit was empty, there was no water in it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1202/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:1107`. - ← previous: [Genesis 37:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.37.23/) - next →: [Genesis 37:25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.37.25/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/37/)