--- title: Genesis 37:35 — And all his sons and all his daughters rose up to comfort him; but h… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And all his sons and all his daughters rose up to comfort him; but he refused to be comforted; and he said: 'Nay, but I will go down to the grave to my son mourning.' And his father wept for him. Who acts: sons, Jacob, I, father. Genesis 37:35 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.37.35/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/37/) / 37:35 # Genesis 37:35 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** sons, Jacob, I, father · **What happens:** rise up, comfort, refuse, not comfort, say, go down · **To what, where:** Jacob · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Genesis 37:35 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — sons, Jacob, I, father — and what happens in the verse to Jacob, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּקֻמוּ֩ כָל־בָּנָ֨יו וְכָל־בְּנֹתָ֜יו לְנַחֲמ֗וֹ וַיְמָאֵן֙ לְהִתְנַחֵ֔ם וַיֹּ֕אמֶר כִּֽי־אֵרֵ֧ד אֶל־בְּנִ֛י אָבֵ֖ל שְׁאֹ֑לָה וַיֵּ֥בְךְּ אֹת֖וֹ אָבִֽיו׃ [And all his sons and all his daughters rose up to comfort him; but he refused to be comforted; and he said: 'Nay, but I will go down to the grave to my son mourning.' And his father wept for him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1215/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:1118 # text = וַיָּקֻמוּ֩ כָל־בָּנָ֨יו וְכָל־בְּנֹתָ֜יו לְנַחֲמ֗וֹ וַיְמָאֵן֙ לְהִתְנַחֵ֔ם וַיֹּ֕אמֶר כִּֽי־אֵרֵ֧ד אֶל־בְּנִ֛י אָבֵ֖ל שְׁאֹ֑לָה וַיֵּ֥בְךְּ אֹת֖וֹ אָבִֽיו׃ # verse = GEN.37.35 1-2 וַיָּקֻמוּ֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_37:35!1|MId=o010370350011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּקֻמוּ֩ קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.arose|Ref=GEN_37:35!1|MId=o010370350012|Strong=6965|Frame=A0:010370350031;010370350051;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=GEN_37:35!2|MId=o010370350021|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 4-5 בָּנָ֨יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 בָּנָ֨י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=sons|Ref=GEN_37:35!3|MId=o010370350031|Strong=1121 5 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=GEN_37:35!3|MId=o010370350032|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 6-7 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_37:35!4|MId=o010370350041|Strong=2050b 7 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=GEN_37:35!4|MId=o010370350042|Strong=3605 8-9 בְּנֹתָ֜יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 בְּנֹתָ֜י בַּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=daughters|Ref=GEN_37:35!5|MId=o010370350051|Strong=1323 9 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=GEN_37:35!5|MId=o010370350052|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 10-12 לְנַחֲמ֗וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_37:35!6|MId=o010370350061|Strong=3807a 11 נַחֲמ נָחַם VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 2 advcl _ Gloss=comfort|Ref=GEN_37:35!6|MId=o010370350062|Strong=5162|Frame=A0:010370350031;010370350051;A1:010370350063;|Type=infinitive_construct 12 ֗וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 obj _ Gloss=him|Ref=GEN_37:35!6|MId=o010370350063|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 13-14 וַיְמָאֵן֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_37:35!7|MId=o010370350071|Strong=2050b 14 יְמָאֵן֙ מָאֵן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.refused|Ref=GEN_37:35!7|MId=o010370350072|Strong=3985|Frame=A0:010370340021;|Type=wayyiqtol 15-16 לְהִתְנַחֵ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_37:35!8|MId=o010370350081|Strong=3807a 16 הִתְנַחֵ֔ם נָחַם VERB _ HebBinyan=HITHPAEL 14 xcomp _ Gloss=be.comforted|Ref=GEN_37:35!8|MId=o010370350082|Strong=5162|Frame=A0:010370340021;|Type=infinitive_construct 17-18 וַיֹּ֕אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_37:35!9|MId=o010370350091|Strong=2050b 18 יֹּ֕אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=GEN_37:35!9|MId=o010370350092|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:010370340021;|Type=wayyiqtol 19 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 20 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=GEN_37:35!10|MId=o010370350101|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 20 אֵרֵ֧ד יָרַד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 advcl _ Gloss=I.will.go.down|Ref=GEN_37:35!11|MId=o010370350111|Strong=3381|Frame=A0:010370340021;|Type=yiqtol 21 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_37:35!12|MId=o010370350121|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 22-23 בְּנִ֛י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 בְּנ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 obl _ Gloss=son|Ref=GEN_37:35!13|MId=o010370350131|Strong=1121 23 ִ֛י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=GEN_37:35!13|MId=o010370350132|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 24 אָבֵ֖ל אָבֵל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 advmod _ Gloss=mourning|Ref=GEN_37:35!14|MId=o010370350141|Strong=0057|Type=adjective 25-26 שְׁאֹ֑לָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 שְׁאֹ֑ל שְׁאוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 obl _ Gloss=Sheol|Ref=GEN_37:35!15|MId=o010370350151|Strong=7585 26 ָה ה X _ _ 25 nmod _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_37:35!15|MId=o010370350152|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 27-28 וַיֵּ֥בְךְּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_37:35!16|MId=o010370350161|Strong=2050b 28 יֵּ֥בְךְּ בָּכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.wept.for|Ref=GEN_37:35!16|MId=o010370350162|Strong=1058|Frame=A1:010370350172;A0:010370350181;|Type=wayyiqtol 29-30 אֹת֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=|Ref=GEN_37:35!17|MId=o010370350171|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 30 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 obj _ Gloss=him|Ref=GEN_37:35!17|MId=o010370350172|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 31-32 אָבִֽיו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 אָבִֽי אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ Gloss=father|Ref=GEN_37:35!18|MId=o010370350181|Strong=0001 32 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=GEN_37:35!18|MId=o010370350182|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=GEN_37:35!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: speech with no frame - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּקֻמוּ *they arose* | wayyiqtol · qal | בָּנָי *sons* + בְּנֹתָי *daughters* | | | | | נַחֲמ *comfort* | infinitive construct · piel | בָּנָי *sons* + בְּנֹתָי *daughters* | וֹ *him* | | | | יְמָאֵן *he refused* | wayyiqtol · piel | | | | | | הִתְנַחֵם *be comforted* | infinitive construct · hithpael | | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | אֵרֵד *I will go down* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | יֵּבְךְּ *he wept for* | wayyiqtol · qal | אָבִֽי *father* | וֹ *him* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְקָמוּ כָל בְּנוֹהִי וְכָל בְּנָתֵהּ לְנַחֲמוּתֵהּ וְסָרֵיב לְקַבָּלָא תַנְחוּמִין וַאֲמַר אֲרֵי אֵחוֹת לְוַת (עַל) בְּרִי כַּד אֲבֵילָא לִשְׁאוֹל וּבְכָא יָתֵהּ אֲבוּהִי The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And all his sons and all his daughters rose up to comfort him; but he refused to be comforted; and he said: 'Nay, but I will go down to the grave to my son mourning.' And his father wept for him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1215/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:1118`. - ← previous: [Genesis 37:34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.37.34/) - next →: [Genesis 37:36](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.37.36/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/37/)