--- title: Genesis 38:16 — And he turned unto her by the way, and said: 'Come, I pray thee, let… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And he turned unto her by the way, and said: 'Come, I pray thee, let me come in unto thee'; for he knew not that she was his daughter-in-law. And she said: 'What wilt thou give me, that thou mayest come in unto me?' Who acts: Judah, I, me, Tamar. Genesis 38:16 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Tar --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.38.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/38/) / 38:16 # Genesis 38:16 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** Judah, I, me, Tamar, thou · **What happens:** turn, say, come, pray, let, come in · **To what, where:** thee, me, daughter · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Genesis 38:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Judah, I, me, Tamar, thou — and what happens in the verse to thee, me, daughter, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֵּ֨ט אֵלֶ֜יהָ אֶל־הַדֶּ֗רֶךְ וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ הָֽבָה־נָּא֙ אָב֣וֹא אֵלַ֔יִךְ כִּ֚י לֹ֣א יָדַ֔ע כִּ֥י כַלָּת֖וֹ הִ֑וא וַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙ מַה־תִּתֶּן־לִּ֔יכִּ֥י תָב֖וֹא אֵלָֽי׃ [And he turned unto her by the way, and said: 'Come, I pray thee, let me come in unto thee'; for he knew not that she was his daughter-in-law.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1232/) [And she said: 'What wilt thou give me, that thou mayest come in unto me?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1233/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:1135 # text = וַיֵּ֨ט אֵלֶ֜יהָ אֶל־הַדֶּ֗רֶךְ וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ הָֽבָה־נָּא֙ אָב֣וֹא אֵלַ֔יִךְ כִּ֚י לֹ֣א יָדַ֔ע כִּ֥י כַלָּת֖וֹ הִ֑וא וַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙ מַה־תִּתֶּן־לִּ֔יכִּ֥י תָב֖וֹא אֵלָֽי׃ # verse = GEN.38.16 1-2 וַיֵּ֨ט _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_38:16!1|MId=o010380160011|Strong=2050b 2 יֵּ֨ט נָטָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.turned.aside|Ref=GEN_38:16!1|MId=o010380160012|Strong=5186|Frame=A0:010380150021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 אֵלֶ֜יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֵלֶ֜י אֶל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_38:16!2|MId=o010380160021|Strong=0413 4 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=her|Ref=GEN_38:16!2|MId=o010380160022|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 5 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_38:16!3|MId=o010380160031|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 6-7 הַדֶּ֗רֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_38:16!4|MId=o010380160041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 דֶּ֗רֶךְ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=road|Ref=GEN_38:16!4|MId=o010380160042|Strong=1870 8-9 וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_38:16!5|MId=o010380160051|Strong=2050b 9 יֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=GEN_38:16!5|MId=o010380160052|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:010380150021;|Type=wayyiqtol 10-11 הָֽבָה־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הָֽב יָהַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 9 ccomp _ Gloss=give|Ref=GEN_38:16!6|MId=o010380160061|Strong=3051|Frame=A0:010380130022;|Type=imperative 11 ָה־ ה X _ _ 10 nmod _ Gloss=|Ref=GEN_38:16!6|MId=o010380160062|Strong=1886j|Type=paragogic_he 12 נָּא֙ נָא INTJ _ _ 10 discourse _ Gloss=please|Ref=GEN_38:16!7|MId=o010380160071|Strong=4994|Type=interjection 13 אָב֣וֹא בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 10 parataxis _ Gloss=let.me.go|Ref=GEN_38:16!8|MId=o010380160081|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:010380150021;|Type=cohortative 14-15 אֵלַ֔יִךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 אֵלַ֔י אֶל ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=into|Ref=GEN_38:16!9|MId=o010380160091|Strong=0413 15 ִךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 13 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=GEN_38:16!9|MId=o010380160092|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 16 כִּ֚י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 18 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=GEN_38:16!10|MId=o010380160101|Strong=3588 17 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 18 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=GEN_38:16!11|MId=o010380160111|Strong=3808|Type=negative 18 יָדַ֔ע יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 10 advcl _ Gloss=he.knew|Ref=GEN_38:16!12|MId=o010380160121|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:010380150021;A1:010380160141;|Type=qatal 19 כִּ֥י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 20 mark _ Gloss=(dm).that|Ref=GEN_38:16!13|MId=o010380160131|Strong=3588 20-21 כַלָּת֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 כַלָּת כַּלָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 18 ccomp _ Gloss=daughter-in-law|Ref=GEN_38:16!14|MId=o010380160141|Strong=3618 21 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=[was].his|Ref=GEN_38:16!14|MId=o010380160142|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 22 הִ֑וא הִיא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ Gloss=she|Ref=GEN_38:16!15|MId=o010380160151|Strong=1931a|Type=personal 23-24 וַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_38:16!16|MId=o010380160161|Strong=2050b 24 תֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=she.said|Ref=GEN_38:16!16|MId=o010380160162|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:010380130022;|Type=wayyiqtol 25 מַה־ מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 26 obj _ Gloss=what?|Ref=GEN_38:16!17|MId=o010380160171|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative|SpaceAfter=No 26 תִּתֶּן־ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 24 ccomp _ Gloss=will.you.give|Ref=GEN_38:16!18|MId=o010380160181|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:010380150021;A1:010380160171;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 27-29 לִּ֔יכִּ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 לּ לְ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_38:16!19|MId=o010380160191|Strong=3807a 28 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 26 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=GEN_38:16!19|MId=o010380160192|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 29 כִּ֥י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 30 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=GEN_38:16!20|MId=o010380160201|Strong=3588 30 תָב֖וֹא בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 26 parataxis _ Gloss=you.will.come|Ref=GEN_38:16!21|MId=o010380160211|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:010380150021;|Type=yiqtol 31-32 אֵלָֽי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 אֵל אֶל ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=into|Ref=GEN_38:16!22|MId=o010380160221|Strong=0413 32 ָֽי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 30 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=GEN_38:16!22|MId=o010380160222|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=GEN_38:16!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - hedged: yes (נָא) - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֵּט *he turned aside* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | הָֽב *give* | imperative · qal | | | | | | אָבוֹא *let me go* | cohortative · qal | | | | | | **not** יָדַע *he knew* | qatal · qal | | כַלָּת *daughter-in-law* | | | | תֹּאמֶר *she said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | תִּתֶּן־ *will you give* | yiqtol · qal | | מַה־ *what?* | | | | תָבוֹא *you will come* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּסְטָא לְוָתַהּ לְאָרְחָא וַאֲמַר הָבִי כְעַן אֵיעוֹל לְוָתִיךְ אֲרֵי לָא יְדַע אֲרֵי כַלְּתֵהּ הִיא וַאֲמֶרֶת מַה תִּתֵּן לִי אֲרֵי תֵיעוֹל לְוָתִי The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he turned unto her by the way, and said: 'Come, I pray thee, let me come in unto thee'; for he knew not that she was his daughter-in-law.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1232/) 2. [And she said: 'What wilt thou give me, that thou mayest come in unto me?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1233/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:1135`. - ← previous: [Genesis 38:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.38.15/) - next →: [Genesis 38:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.38.17/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/38/)