--- title: Genesis 38:21 — Then he asked the men of her place, saying: 'Where is the harlot, th… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Then he asked the men of her place, saying: 'Where is the harlot, that was at Enaim by the wayside?' And they said: 'There hath been no harlot here.' Who acts: Judah, harlot, men. Genesis 38:21 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.38.21/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/38/) / 38:21 # Genesis 38:21 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** Judah, harlot, men · **What happens:** ask, say, be · **To what, where:** men, harlot, Enaim · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Genesis 38:21 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Judah, harlot, men — and what happens in the verse to men, harlot, Enaim, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּשְׁאַ֞ל אֶת־אַנְשֵׁ֤י מְקֹמָהּ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אַיֵּ֧ה הַקְּדֵשָׁ֛ה הִ֥וא בָעֵינַ֖יִם עַל־הַדָּ֑רֶךְ וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ לֹא־הָיְתָ֥ה בָזֶ֖ה קְדֵשָֽׁה׃ [Then he asked the men of her place, saying: 'Where is the harlot, that was at Enaim by the wayside?' And they said: 'There hath been no harlot here.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1238/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:1140 # text = וַיִּשְׁאַ֞ל אֶת־אַנְשֵׁ֤י מְקֹמָהּ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אַיֵּ֧ה הַקְּדֵשָׁ֛ה הִ֥וא בָעֵינַ֖יִם עַל־הַדָּ֑רֶךְ וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ לֹא־הָיְתָ֥ה בָזֶ֖ה קְדֵשָֽׁה׃ # verse = GEN.38.21 1-2 וַיִּשְׁאַ֞ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_38:21!1|MId=o010380210011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּשְׁאַ֞ל שָׁאַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.asked|Ref=GEN_38:21!1|MId=o010380210012|Strong=7592|Frame=A0:010380200071;A1:010380210031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=GEN_38:21!2|MId=o010380210021|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 4 אַנְשֵׁ֤י אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obj _ Gloss=the.men|Ref=GEN_38:21!3|MId=o010380210031|Strong=0376 5-6 מְקֹמָהּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 מְקֹמ מָקוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=her.place|Ref=GEN_38:21!4|MId=o010380210041|Strong=4725 6 ָהּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=her|Ref=GEN_38:21!4|MId=o010380210042|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 7-8 לֵאמֹ֔ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 9 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=GEN_38:21!5|MId=o010380210051|Strong=3807a 8 אמֹ֔ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 7 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=GEN_38:21!5|MId=o010380210052|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:010380200071;|Type=infinitive_construct 9 אַיֵּ֧ה אַיֵּה PART _ _ 2 ccomp _ Gloss=where?|Ref=GEN_38:21!6|MId=o010380210061|Strong=0346|Type=interrogative 10-11 הַקְּדֵשָׁ֛ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=[is].the|Ref=GEN_38:21!7|MId=o010380210071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 קְּדֵשָׁ֛ה קָדֵשׁ ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Gloss=cult.prostitute|Ref=GEN_38:21!7|MId=o010380210072|Strong=6945 12 הִ֥וא הִיא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ Gloss=she|Ref=GEN_38:21!8|MId=o010380210081|Strong=1931a|Type=personal 13-15 בָעֵינַ֖יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בָ בְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=[was].at|Ref=GEN_38:21!9|MId=o010380210091|Strong=0871a 14 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=GEN_38:21!9|MId=o010380210091ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 עֵינַ֖יִם עֵינַיִם PROPN _ _ 11 acl _ Gloss=Enaim|Ref=GEN_38:21!9|MId=o010380210092|Strong=5879 16 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=GEN_38:21!10|MId=o010380210101|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 17-18 הַדָּ֑רֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_38:21!11|MId=o010380210111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 דָּ֑רֶךְ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=road|Ref=GEN_38:21!11|MId=o010380210112|Strong=1870 19-20 וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_38:21!12|MId=o010380210121|Strong=2050b 20 יֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.said|Ref=GEN_38:21!12|MId=o010380210122|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:010380210031;|Type=wayyiqtol 21 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 24 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=GEN_38:21!13|MId=o010380210131|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 22 הָיְתָ֥ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 24 cop _ Gloss=she.was|Ref=GEN_38:21!14|MId=o010380210141|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:010380210161;|Type=qatal 23-24 בָזֶ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 בָ בְּ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=GEN_38:21!15|MId=o010380210151|Strong=0871a 24 זֶ֖ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 20 ccomp _ Gloss=this.[place]|Ref=GEN_38:21!15|MId=o010380210152|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 25 קְדֵשָֽׁה קָדֵשׁ ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ Gloss=a.cult.prostitute|Ref=GEN_38:21!16|MId=o010380210161|Strong=6945|Type=adjective|SpaceAfter=No 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=GEN_38:21!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּשְׁאַל *he asked* | wayyiqtol · qal | | אַנְשֵׁי *the men* | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | יֹּאמְרוּ *they said* | wayyiqtol · qal | אַנְשֵׁי *the men* | | | | | הָיְתָה *she was* | qatal · qal | קְדֵשָֽׁה *a cult prostitute* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּשְׁאִיל יָת אֲנָשֵׁי אַתְרַהּ לְמֵימַר אָן מְקַדִּשְׁתָּא הִיא בְעַיְנִין עַל אָרְחָא וַאֲמָרוּ לֵית הָכָא מְקַדִּשְׁתָּא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then he asked the men of her place, saying: 'Where is the harlot, that was at Enaim by the wayside?' And they said: 'There hath been no harlot here.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1238/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:1140`. - ← previous: [Genesis 38:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.38.20/) - next →: [Genesis 38:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.38.22/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/38/)