--- title: Genesis 38:26 — And Judah acknowledged them, and said: 'She is more righteous than I… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Judah acknowledged them, and said: 'She is more righteous than I; forasmuch as I gave her not to Shelah my son.' And he knew her again no more. Who acts: Judah, harlot, I. Genesis 38:26 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.38.26/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/38/) / 38:26 # Genesis 38:26 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** Judah, harlot, I · **What happens:** acknowledge, say, be, not give, know · **To what, where:** men, harlot · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Genesis 38:26 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Judah, harlot, I — and what happens in the verse to men, harlot, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּכֵּ֣ר יְהוּדָ֗ה וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ צָֽדְקָ֣ה מִמֶּ֔נִּי כִּֽי־עַל־כֵּ֥ן לֹא־נְתַתִּ֖יהָ לְשֵׁלָ֣ה בְנִ֑י וְלֹֽא־יָסַ֥ף ע֖וֹד לְדַעְתָּֽה׃ [And Judah acknowledged them, and said: 'She is more righteous than I; forasmuch as I gave her not to Shelah my son.' And he knew her again no more.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1243/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:1145 # text = וַיַּכֵּ֣ר יְהוּדָ֗ה וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ צָֽדְקָ֣ה מִמֶּ֔נִּי כִּֽי־עַל־כֵּ֥ן לֹא־נְתַתִּ֖יהָ לְשֵׁלָ֣ה בְנִ֑י וְלֹֽא־יָסַ֥ף ע֖וֹד לְדַעְתָּֽה׃ # verse = GEN.38.26 1-2 וַיַּכֵּ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_38:26!1|MId=o010380260011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּכֵּ֣ר נָכַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.recognized.[them]|Ref=GEN_38:26!1|MId=o010380260012|Strong=5234|Frame=AA:010380260021;A0:010380250182;010380250193;010380250203;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יְהוּדָ֗ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Judah|Ref=GEN_38:26!2|MId=o010380260021|Strong=3063 4-5 וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_38:26!3|MId=o010380260031|Strong=2050b 5 יֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=GEN_38:26!3|MId=o010380260032|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:010380260021;|Type=wayyiqtol 6 צָֽדְקָ֣ה צָדֵק VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 ccomp _ Gloss=she.is.righteous|Ref=GEN_38:26!4|MId=o010380260041|Strong=6663|Frame=A0:010380200122;|Type=qatal 7-8 מִמֶּ֔נִּי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 מִמּ מִן ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=more|Ref=GEN_38:26!5|MId=o010380260051|Strong=4480 8 ֶ֔נִּי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 6 obl _ Gloss=than.me|Ref=GEN_38:26!5|MId=o010380260052|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 9 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 11 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=GEN_38:26!6|MId=o010380260061|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 10 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=therefore|Ref=GEN_38:26!7|MId=o010380260071|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 11 כֵּ֥ן כֵּן ADV _ _ 2 conj _ Gloss=|Ref=GEN_38:26!8|MId=o010380260081|Strong=3651|Type=demonstrative 12 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 13 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=GEN_38:26!9|MId=o010380260091|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 13-14 נְתַתִּ֖יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 נְתַתִּ֖י נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 6 parataxis _ Gloss=I|Ref=GEN_38:26!10|MId=o010380260101|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:010380260021;A1:010380260102;|Type=qatal 14 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 obj _ Gloss=gave.her|Ref=GEN_38:26!10|MId=o010380260102|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 15-16 לְשֵׁלָ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_38:26!11|MId=o010380260111|Strong=3807a 16 שֵׁלָ֣ה שֵׁלָה PROPN _ _ 13 obl _ Gloss=Shelah|Ref=GEN_38:26!11|MId=o010380260112|Strong=7956 17-18 בְנִ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 בְנ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 appos _ Gloss=son|Ref=GEN_38:26!12|MId=o010380260121|Strong=1121 18 ִ֑י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=GEN_38:26!12|MId=o010380260122|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 19-20 וְלֹֽא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_38:26!13|MId=o010380260131|Strong=2050b 20 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 21 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=GEN_38:26!13|MId=o010380260132|Strong=3808|Type=negative 21 יָסַ֥ף יָסַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 conj _ Gloss=he.repeated|Ref=GEN_38:26!14|MId=o010380260141|Strong=3254|Frame=A0:010380260021;|Type=qatal 22 ע֖וֹד עוֹד ADV _ _ 21 advmod _ Gloss=again|Ref=GEN_38:26!15|MId=o010380260151|Strong=5750 23-25 לְדַעְתָּֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_38:26!16|MId=o010380260161|Strong=3807a 24 דַעְתּ יָדַע VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 21 xcomp _ Gloss=know|Ref=GEN_38:26!16|MId=o010380260162|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:010380260021;A1:010380260163;|Type=infinitive_construct 25 ָֽה הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 obj _ Gloss=her|Ref=GEN_38:26!16|MId=o010380260163|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=GEN_38:26!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּכֵּר *he recognized \[them\]* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | | | | יְהוּדָה *Judah* | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוּדָה *Judah* | | | | | צָֽדְקָה *she is righteous* | qatal · qal | | | | | | **not** נְתַתִּי *I* | qatal · qal | יְהוּדָה *Judah* | הָ *gave her* | | | | **not** יָסַף *he repeated* | qatal · qal | יְהוּדָה *Judah* | | | | | דַעְתּ *know* | infinitive construct · qal | יְהוּדָה *Judah* | ָֽה *her* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְאִשְׁתְּמוֹדַע יְהוּדָה וַאֲמַר זַכָּאָה מִנִּי מְעַדְּיָא אֲרֵי עַל כֵּן לָא יְהָבִתַּהּ לְשֵׁלָה בְרִי וְלָא אוֹסִיף עוֹד לְמִידְעַהּ The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Judah acknowledged them, and said: 'She is more righteous than I; forasmuch as I gave her not to Shelah my son.' And he knew her again no more.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1243/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:1145`. - ← previous: [Genesis 38:25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.38.25/) - next →: [Genesis 38:27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.38.27/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/38/)