--- title: Genesis 38:8 — And Judah said unto Onan: 'Go in unto thy brother's wife, and perfor… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Judah said unto Onan: 'Go in unto thy brother's wife, and perform the duty of a husband's brother unto her, and raise up seed to thy brother.' Who acts: Judah. Genesis 38:8 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.38.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/38/) / 38:8 # Genesis 38:8 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** Judah · **What happens:** say, go in, perform, raise up · **To what, where:** duty, seed, brother · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Genesis 38:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Judah — and what happens in the verse to duty, seed, brother, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוּדָה֙ לְאוֹנָ֔ן בֹּ֛א אֶל־אֵ֥שֶׁת אָחִ֖יךָ וְיַבֵּ֣ם אֹתָ֑הּ וְהָקֵ֥ם זֶ֖רַע לְאָחִֽיךָ׃ [And Judah said unto Onan: 'Go in unto thy brother's wife, and perform the duty of a husband's brother unto her, and raise up seed to thy brother.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1224/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:1127 # text = וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוּדָה֙ לְאוֹנָ֔ן בֹּ֛א אֶל־אֵ֥שֶׁת אָחִ֖יךָ וְיַבֵּ֣ם אֹתָ֑הּ וְהָקֵ֥ם זֶ֖רַע לְאָחִֽיךָ׃ # verse = GEN.38.8 1-2 וַיֹּ֤אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_38:8!1|MId=o010380080011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֤אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=GEN_38:8!1|MId=o010380080012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:010380080021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יְהוּדָה֙ יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Judah|Ref=GEN_38:8!2|MId=o010380080021|Strong=3063 4-5 לְאוֹנָ֔ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_38:8!3|MId=o010380080031|Strong=3807a 5 אוֹנָ֔ן אוֹנָן PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Onan|Ref=GEN_38:8!3|MId=o010380080032|Strong=0209 6 בֹּ֛א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=go|Ref=GEN_38:8!4|MId=o010380080041|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:010380080032;|Type=imperative 7 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=into|Ref=GEN_38:8!5|MId=o010380080051|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 8 אֵ֥שֶׁת אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=the.wife|Ref=GEN_38:8!6|MId=o010380080061|Strong=0802 9-10 אָחִ֖יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 אָחִ֖י אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=your.brother|Ref=GEN_38:8!7|MId=o010380080071|Strong=0251 10 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=GEN_38:8!7|MId=o010380080072|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 11-12 וְיַבֵּ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_38:8!8|MId=o010380080081|Strong=2050b 12 יַבֵּ֣ם יָבַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 6 conj _ Gloss=act.as.a.husband's.brother.for|Ref=GEN_38:8!8|MId=o010380080082|Strong=2992|Frame=A0:010380080032;A1:010380080092;|Type=imperative 13-14 אֹתָ֑הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=|Ref=GEN_38:8!9|MId=o010380080091|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 14 ָ֑הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 obj _ Gloss=her|Ref=GEN_38:8!9|MId=o010380080092|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 15-16 וְהָקֵ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_38:8!10|MId=o010380080101|Strong=2050b 16 הָקֵ֥ם קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 6 conj _ Gloss=raise.up|Ref=GEN_38:8!10|MId=o010380080102|Strong=6965|Frame=AA:010380080032;A0:010380080111;|Type=imperative 17 זֶ֖רַע זֶרַע NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obj _ Gloss=offspring|Ref=GEN_38:8!11|MId=o010380080111|Strong=2233 18-20 לְאָחִֽיךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=GEN_38:8!12|MId=o010380080121|Strong=3807a 19 אָחִֽי אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=brother|Ref=GEN_38:8!12|MId=o010380080122|Strong=0251 20 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=GEN_38:8!12|MId=o010380080123|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 21 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 20 punct _ Ref=GEN_38:8!12 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוּדָה *Judah* | | | | | בֹּא *go* | imperative · qal | אוֹנָן *Onan* | | | | | יַבֵּם *act as a husband's brother for* | imperative · piel | אוֹנָן *Onan* | ָהּ *her* | | | | הָקֵם *raise up* | imperative · hiphil | זֶרַע *offspring* | | | אוֹנָן *Onan* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר יְהוּדָה לְאוֹנָן עוּל לְוַת אִתַּת אָחוּךְ וְיַבֵּם יָתַהּ וַאֲקֵים זַרְעָא לְאָחוּךְ The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Judah said unto Onan: 'Go in unto thy brother's wife, and perform the duty of a husband's brother unto her, and raise up seed to thy brother.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1224/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:1127`. - ← previous: [Genesis 38:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.38.7/) - next →: [Genesis 38:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.38.9/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/38/)