--- title: Genesis 41:54 — And the seven years of famine began to come, according as Joseph had… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the seven years of famine began to come, according as Joseph had said; and there was famine in all lands; but in all the land of Egypt there was bread. Who acts: seven years, Joseph, famine, bread. Genesis 41:54 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of e --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.41.54/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 41](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/41/) / 41:54 # Genesis 41:54 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** seven years, Joseph, famine, bread · **What happens:** begin, come, accord, say, be · **To what, where:** lands, land · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Genesis 41:54 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — seven years, Joseph, famine, bread — and what happens in the verse to lands, land, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַתְּחִלֶּ֜ינָה שֶׁ֣בַע שְׁנֵ֤י הָרָעָב֙ לָב֔וֹא כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר אָמַ֣ר יוֹסֵ֑ף וַיְהִ֤י רָעָב֙ בְּכָל־הָ֣אֲרָצ֔וֹת וּבְכָל־אֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרַ֖יִם הָ֥יָה לָֽחֶם׃ [And the seven years of famine began to come, according as Joseph had said; and there was famine in all lands; but in all the land of Egypt there was bread.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1356/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:1249 # text = וַתְּחִלֶּ֜ינָה שֶׁ֣בַע שְׁנֵ֤י הָרָעָב֙ לָב֔וֹא כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר אָמַ֣ר יוֹסֵ֑ף וַיְהִ֤י רָעָב֙ בְּכָל־הָ֣אֲרָצ֔וֹת וּבְכָל־אֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרַ֖יִם הָ֥יָה לָֽחֶם׃ # verse = GEN.41.54 1-2 וַתְּחִלֶּ֜ינָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_41:54!1|MId=o010410540011|Strong=2050b 2 תְּחִלֶּ֜ינָה חָלַל VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.began|Ref=GEN_41:54!1|MId=o010410540012|Strong=2490|Frame=A0:010410540031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 שֶׁ֣בַע שֶׁבַע NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 nummod _ Gloss=seven|Ref=GEN_41:54!2|MId=o010410540021|Strong=7651|Type=cardinal_number 4 שְׁנֵ֤י שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the.years|Ref=GEN_41:54!3|MId=o010410540031|Strong=8141|Type=cardinal_number 5-6 הָרָעָב֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=GEN_41:54!4|MId=o010410540041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 רָעָב֙ רָעָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=famine|Ref=GEN_41:54!4|MId=o010410540042|Strong=7458 7-8 לָב֔וֹא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_41:54!5|MId=o010410540051|Strong=3807a 8 ב֔וֹא בּוֹא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 xcomp _ Gloss=come|Ref=GEN_41:54!5|MId=o010410540052|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:010410540031;|Type=infinitive_construct 9-10 כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 כַּ כְּ ADP _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=just|Ref=GEN_41:54!6|MId=o010410540061|Strong=3509a 10 אֲשֶׁ֖ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 11 mark _ Gloss=as|Ref=GEN_41:54!6|MId=o010410540062|Strong=0834|Type=relative 11 אָמַ֣ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.had.said|Ref=GEN_41:54!7|MId=o010410540071|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:010410540081;|Type=qatal 12 יוֹסֵ֑ף יוֹסֵף PROPN _ _ 11 nsubj _ Gloss=Joseph|Ref=GEN_41:54!8|MId=o010410540081|Strong=3130 13-14 וַיְהִ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_41:54!9|MId=o010410540091|Strong=2050b 14 יְהִ֤י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=GEN_41:54!9|MId=o010410540092|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:010410540101;|Type=wayyiqtol 15 רָעָב֙ רָעָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ Gloss=a.famine|Ref=GEN_41:54!10|MId=o010410540101|Strong=7458 16-17 בְּכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=GEN_41:54!11|MId=o010410540111|Strong=0871a 17 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=GEN_41:54!11|MId=o010410540112|Strong=3605 18-19 הָ֣אֲרָצ֔וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הָ֣ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_41:54!12|MId=o010410540121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 אֲרָצ֔וֹת אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Plur 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=lands|Ref=GEN_41:54!12|MId=o010410540122|Strong=0776 20-22 וּבְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_41:54!13|MId=o010410540131|Strong=2050b 21 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=GEN_41:54!13|MId=o010410540132|Strong=0871a 22 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=GEN_41:54!13|MId=o010410540133|Strong=3605 23 אֶ֥רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.land|Ref=GEN_41:54!14|MId=o010410540141|Strong=0776 24 מִצְרַ֖יִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Egypt|Ref=GEN_41:54!15|MId=o010410540151|Strong=4714 25 הָ֥יָה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 22 cop _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=GEN_41:54!16|MId=o010410540161|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:010410540171;|Type=qatal 26 לָֽחֶם לֶחֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ Gloss=food|Ref=GEN_41:54!17|MId=o010410540171|Strong=3899|SpaceAfter=No 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=GEN_41:54!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תְּחִלֶּינָה *they began* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | שְׁנֵי *the years* | | | | | בוֹא *come* | infinitive construct · qal | שְׁנֵי *the years* | | | | | אָמַר *he had said* | qatal · qal | יוֹסֵף *Joseph* | | | | | יְהִי *it was* | wayyiqtol · qal | רָעָב *a famine* | | | | | הָיָה *it was* | qatal · qal | לָֽחֶם *food* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּשְׁרִיאַת שְׁבַע שְׁנֵי כַפְנָא לְמֵיעַל כְּמָא דִּי אֲמַר יוֹסֵף וַהֲוָה כַפְנָא בְּכָל אַרְעֲתָא וּבְכָל אַרְעָא דְמִצְרַיִם הֲוָה לַחְמָא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the seven years of famine began to come, according as Joseph had said; and there was famine in all lands; but in all the land of Egypt there was bread.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1356/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:1249`. - ← previous: [Genesis 41:53](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.41.53/) - next →: [Genesis 41:55](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.41.55/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 41](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/41/)