--- title: Genesis 41:56 — And the famine was over all the face of the earth; and Joseph opened… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the famine was over all the face of the earth; and Joseph opened all the storehouses, and sold unto the Egyptians; and the famine was sore in the land of Egypt. Who acts: famine, Joseph. Genesis 41:56 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.41.56/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 41](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/41/) / 41:56 # Genesis 41:56 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** famine, Joseph · **What happens:** be, open, sell · **To what, where:** face, storehouses, land This is Genesis 41:56 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — famine, Joseph — and what happens in the verse to face, storehouses, land, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְהָרָעָ֣ב הָיָ֔ה עַ֖ל כָּל־פְּנֵ֣י הָאָ֑רֶץ וַיִּפְתַּ֨ח יוֹסֵ֜ף אֶֽת־כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֤ר בָּהֶם֙ וַיִּשְׁבֹּ֣ר לְמִצְרַ֔יִם וַיֶּחֱזַ֥ק הָֽרָעָ֖ב בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃ [And the famine was over all the face of the earth; and Joseph opened all the storehouses, and sold unto the Egyptians; and the famine was sore in the land of Egypt.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1358/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:1251 # text = וְהָרָעָ֣ב הָיָ֔ה עַ֖ל כָּל־פְּנֵ֣י הָאָ֑רֶץ וַיִּפְתַּ֨ח יוֹסֵ֜ף אֶֽת־כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֤ר בָּהֶם֙ וַיִּשְׁבֹּ֣ר לְמִצְרַ֔יִם וַיֶּחֱזַ֥ק הָֽרָעָ֖ב בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃ # verse = GEN.41.56 1-3 וְהָרָעָ֣ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_41:56!1|MId=o010410560011|Strong=2050b 2 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 3 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_41:56!1|MId=o010410560012|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 3 רָעָ֣ב רָעָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ Gloss=famine|Ref=GEN_41:56!1|MId=o010410560013|Strong=7458 4 הָיָ֔ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 cop _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=GEN_41:56!2|MId=o010410560021|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:010410560013;|Type=qatal 5 עַ֖ל עַל ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=GEN_41:56!3|MId=o010410560031|Strong=5921 6 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=all|Ref=GEN_41:56!4|MId=o010410560041|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 7 פְּנֵ֣י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.face|Ref=GEN_41:56!5|MId=o010410560051|Strong=6440 8-9 הָאָ֑רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=GEN_41:56!6|MId=o010410560061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 אָ֑רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.land|Ref=GEN_41:56!6|MId=o010410560062|Strong=0776 10-11 וַיִּפְתַּ֨ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_41:56!7|MId=o010410560071|Strong=2050b 11 יִּפְתַּ֨ח פָּתַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 conj _ Gloss=he.opened|Ref=GEN_41:56!7|MId=o010410560072|Strong=6605|Frame=A0:010410560081;A1:010410560101;|Type=wayyiqtol 12 יוֹסֵ֜ף יוֹסֵף PROPN _ _ 11 nsubj _ Gloss=Joseph|Ref=GEN_41:56!8|MId=o010410560081|Strong=3130 13 אֶֽת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=GEN_41:56!9|MId=o010410560091|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 14 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=GEN_41:56!10|MId=o010410560101|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 15 אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 17 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=GEN_41:56!11|MId=o010410560111|Strong=0834|Type=relative 16-17 בָּהֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=[was].in|Ref=GEN_41:56!12|MId=o010410560121|Strong=0871a 17 ָהֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 acl:relcl _ Gloss=them|Ref=GEN_41:56!12|MId=o010410560122|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 18-19 וַיִּשְׁבֹּ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_41:56!13|MId=o010410560131|Strong=2050b 19 יִּשְׁבֹּ֣ר שָׁבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 conj _ Gloss=he.bought.grain|Ref=GEN_41:56!13|MId=o010410560132|Strong=7666|Frame=A0:010410560081;A1:010410550093;|Type=wayyiqtol 20-21 לְמִצְרַ֔יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_41:56!14|MId=o010410560141|Strong=3807a 21 מִצְרַ֔יִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 19 obl _ Gloss=Egypt|Ref=GEN_41:56!14|MId=o010410560142|Strong=4714 22-23 וַיֶּחֱזַ֥ק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_41:56!15|MId=o010410560151|Strong=2050b 23 יֶּחֱזַ֥ק חָזַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 conj _ Gloss=it.was.severe|Ref=GEN_41:56!15|MId=o010410560152|Strong=2388|Frame=A0:010410560162;|Type=wayyiqtol 24-25 הָֽרָעָ֖ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_41:56!16|MId=o010410560161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 רָעָ֖ב רָעָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ Gloss=famine|Ref=GEN_41:56!16|MId=o010410560162|Strong=7458 26-27 בְּאֶ֥רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=GEN_41:56!17|MId=o010410560171|Strong=0871a 27 אֶ֥רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=the.land|Ref=GEN_41:56!17|MId=o010410560172|Strong=0776 28 מִצְרָֽיִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Egypt|Ref=GEN_41:56!18|MId=o010410560181|Strong=4714|SpaceAfter=No 29 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=GEN_41:56!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הָיָה *it was* | qatal · qal | רָעָב *famine* | | | | | יִּפְתַּח *he opened* | wayyiqtol · qal | יוֹסֵף *Joseph* | כָּל־ *all* | | | | יִּשְׁבֹּר *he bought grain* | wayyiqtol · qal | יוֹסֵף *Joseph* | | | | | יֶּחֱזַק *it was severe* | wayyiqtol · qal | רָעָב *famine* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְכַפְנָא הֲוָה עַל כָּל אַפֵּי אַרְעָא וּפְתַח יוֹסֵף יָת כָּל דִּי בְהוֹן עִיבוּרָא וְזַבִּין לְמִצְרַיִם וּתְקֵיף כַּפְנָא בְּאַרְעָא דְמִצְרָיִם The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the famine was over all the face of the earth; and Joseph opened all the storehouses, and sold unto the Egyptians; and the famine was sore in the land of Egypt.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1358/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:1251`. - ← previous: [Genesis 41:55](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.41.55/) - next →: [Genesis 41:57](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.41.57/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 41](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/41/)