--- title: Genesis 43:5 — but if thou wilt not send him, we will not go down, for the man said… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: but if thou wilt not send him, we will not go down, for the man said unto us: Ye shall not see my face, except your brother be with you.' Who acts: thou, we, man, Ye. Genesis 43:5 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.43.5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 43](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/43/) / 43:5 # Genesis 43:5 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** thou, we, man, Ye, brother · **What happens:** not send, not go down, say, not see, be · **To what, where:** man, face · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Genesis 43:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, we, man, Ye, brother — and what happens in the verse to man, face, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְאִם־אֵינְךָ֥ מְשַׁלֵּ֖חַ לֹ֣א נֵרֵ֑ד כִּֽי־הָאִ֞ישׁ אָמַ֤ר אֵלֵ֙ינוּ֙ לֹֽא־תִרְא֣וּ פָנַ֔י בִּלְתִּ֖י אֲחִיכֶ֥ם אִתְּכֶֽם׃ [but if thou wilt not send him, we will not go down, for the man said unto us: Ye shall not see my face, except your brother be with you.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1404/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:1295 # text = וְאִם־אֵינְךָ֥ מְשַׁלֵּ֖חַ לֹ֣א נֵרֵ֑ד כִּֽי־הָאִ֞ישׁ אָמַ֤ר אֵלֵ֙ינוּ֙ לֹֽא־תִרְא֣וּ פָנַ֔י בִּלְתִּ֖י אֲחִיכֶ֥ם אִתְּכֶֽם׃ # verse = GEN.43.5 1-2 וְאִם־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_43:5!1|MId=o010430050011|Strong=2050b 2 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 5 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=GEN_43:5!1|MId=o010430050012|Strong=0518 3-4 אֵינְךָ֥ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֵינ אַיִן ADV _ _ 5 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=GEN_43:5!2|MId=o010430050021|Strong=0369|Type=negative 4 ְךָ֥ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=GEN_43:5!2|MId=o010430050022|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 5 מְשַׁלֵּ֖חַ שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing 7 advcl _ Gloss=[are].sending.[him]|Ref=GEN_43:5!3|MId=o010430050031|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:010430050022;A1:010430040051;|Type=participle_active 6 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 7 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=GEN_43:5!4|MId=o010430050041|Strong=3808|Type=negative 7 נֵרֵ֑ד יָרַד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=we.will.go.down|Ref=GEN_43:5!5|MId=o010430050051|Strong=3381|Frame=A0:010430030031;010420080041;|Type=yiqtol 8 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 11 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=GEN_43:5!6|MId=o010430050061|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 9-10 הָאִ֞ישׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_43:5!7|MId=o010430050071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 אִ֞ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ Gloss=man|Ref=GEN_43:5!7|MId=o010430050072|Strong=0376 11 אָמַ֤ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 advcl _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=GEN_43:5!8|MId=o010430050081|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:010430050072;|Type=qatal 12-13 אֵלֵ֙ינוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 אֵלֵ֙י אֶל ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_43:5!9|MId=o010430050091|Strong=0413 13 נוּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 11 obl _ Gloss=us|Ref=GEN_43:5!9|MId=o010430050092|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 14 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 15 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=GEN_43:5!10|MId=o010430050101|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 15 תִרְא֣וּ רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 11 ccomp _ Gloss=you.will.see|Ref=GEN_43:5!11|MId=o010430050111|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:010420080041;A1:010430050121;|Type=yiqtol 16-17 פָנַ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 פָנ פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 15 obj _ Gloss=face|Ref=GEN_43:5!12|MId=o010430050121|Strong=6440 17 ַ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=GEN_43:5!12|MId=o010430050122|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 18 בִּלְתִּ֖י בֵּלֶת ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=except|Ref=GEN_43:5!13|MId=o010430050131|Strong=1115 19-20 אֲחִיכֶ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 אֲחִי אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ Gloss=brother|Ref=GEN_43:5!14|MId=o010430050141|Strong=0251 20 כֶ֥ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=GEN_43:5!14|MId=o010430050142|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 21-22 אִתְּכֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 אִתּ אֵת ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=[is].with|Ref=GEN_43:5!15|MId=o010430050151|Strong=0854 22 ְכֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 15 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=GEN_43:5!15|MId=o010430050152|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=GEN_43:5!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - indirect: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · neg | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** מְשַׁלֵּחַ *\[are\] sending \[him\]* | participle active · piel | ְךָ *you* | | | | | **not** נֵרֵד *we will go down* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | אָמַר *he said* | qatal · qal | אִישׁ *man* | | | | | **not** תִרְאוּ *you will see* | yiqtol · qal | | פָנ *face* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְאִם לֵיתָךְ מְשַׁלַּח לָא נֵיחוֹת אֲרֵי גַּבְרָא אֲמַר לָנָא לָא תֶחֱזוּן אַפַּי אֶלָּהֵין כַּד אֲחוּכוֹן עִמְּכוֹן The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [but if thou wilt not send him, we will not go down, for the man said unto us: Ye shall not see my face, except your brother be with you.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1404/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:1295`. - ← previous: [Genesis 43:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.43.4/) - next →: [Genesis 43:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.43.6/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 43](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/43/)