--- title: Genesis 44:15 — And Joseph said unto them: 'What deed is this that ye have done? kno… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Joseph said unto them: 'What deed is this that ye have done? know ye not that such a man as I will indeed divine?' Who acts: Joseph, this, ye, man. Genesis 44:15 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.44.15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/44/) / 44:15 # Genesis 44:15 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** Joseph, this, ye, man · **What happens:** say, be, do, not know, divine · **To what, where:** deed · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Genesis 44:15 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joseph, this, ye, man — and what happens in the verse to deed, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לָהֶם֙ יוֹסֵ֔ף מָֽה־הַמַּעֲשֶׂ֥ה הַזֶּ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר עֲשִׂיתֶ֑ם הֲל֣וֹא יְדַעְתֶּ֔ם כִּֽי־נַחֵ֧שׁ יְנַחֵ֛שׁ אִ֖ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֥ר כָּמֹֽנִי׃ [And Joseph said unto them: 'What deed is this that ye have done? know ye not that such a man as I will indeed divine?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1453/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:1339 # text = וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לָהֶם֙ יוֹסֵ֔ף מָֽה־הַמַּעֲשֶׂ֥ה הַזֶּ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר עֲשִׂיתֶ֑ם הֲל֣וֹא יְדַעְתֶּ֔ם כִּֽי־נַחֵ֧שׁ יְנַחֵ֛שׁ אִ֖ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֥ר כָּמֹֽנִי׃ # verse = GEN.44.15 1-2 וַיֹּ֤אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_44:15!1|MId=o010440150011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֤אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=GEN_44:15!1|MId=o010440150012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:010440150031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 לָהֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 ל לְ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_44:15!2|MId=o010440150021|Strong=3807a 4 ָהֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=GEN_44:15!2|MId=o010440150022|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 5 יוֹסֵ֔ף יוֹסֵף PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Joseph|Ref=GEN_44:15!3|MId=o010440150031|Strong=3130 6 מָֽה־ מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 2 ccomp _ Gloss=what?|Ref=GEN_44:15!4|MId=o010440150041|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative|SpaceAfter=No 7-8 הַמַּעֲשֶׂ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=[is].the|Ref=GEN_44:15!5|MId=o010440150051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 מַּעֲשֶׂ֥ה מַעֲשֶׂה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ Gloss=deed|Ref=GEN_44:15!5|MId=o010440150052|Strong=4639 9-10 הַזֶּ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=GEN_44:15!6|MId=o010440150061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 זֶּ֖ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 8 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=GEN_44:15!6|MId=o010440150062|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 11 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 12 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=GEN_44:15!7|MId=o010440150071|Strong=0834|Type=relative 12 עֲשִׂיתֶ֑ם עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 8 acl:relcl _ Gloss=you.have.done|Ref=GEN_44:15!8|MId=o010440150081|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:010440140021;010440140032;A1:010440150052;|Type=qatal 13-14 הֲל֣וֹא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 15 advmod _ Gloss=?|Ref=GEN_44:15!9|MId=o010440150091|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 14 ל֣וֹא לֹא ADV _ _ 15 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=GEN_44:15!9|MId=o010440150092|Strong=3808|Type=negative 15 יְדַעְתֶּ֔ם יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 6 parataxis _ Gloss=do.you.know|Ref=GEN_44:15!10|MId=o010440150101|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:010440140021;010440140032;A1:010440150131;|Type=qatal 16 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 18 mark _ Gloss=(dm).that|Ref=GEN_44:15!11|MId=o010440150111|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 17 נַחֵ֧שׁ נָחַשׁ VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 18 obl:npmod _ Gloss=indeed.(divine)|Ref=GEN_44:15!12|MId=o010440150121|Strong=5172|Type=infinitive_absolute 18 יְנַחֵ֛שׁ נָחַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 15 ccomp _ Gloss=he.practices.divination|Ref=GEN_44:15!13|MId=o010440150131|Strong=5172|Frame=A0:010440150141;|Type=yiqtol 19 אִ֖ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ Gloss=a.man|Ref=GEN_44:15!14|MId=o010440150141|Strong=0376 20 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 22 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=GEN_44:15!15|MId=o010440150151|Strong=0834|Type=relative 21-22 כָּמֹֽנִי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 כָּמֹֽ כְּמוֹ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=[is].like|Ref=GEN_44:15!16|MId=o010440150161|Strong=3644 22 נִי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 19 acl:relcl _ Gloss=me|Ref=GEN_44:15!16|MId=o010440150162|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=GEN_44:15!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | יוֹסֵף *Joseph* | | | | | עֲשִׂיתֶם *you have done* | qatal · qal | | מַּעֲשֶׂה *deed* | | | | **not** יְדַעְתֶּם *do you know* | qatal · qal | | יְנַחֵשׁ *he practices divination* | | | | יְנַחֵשׁ *he practices divination* | yiqtol · piel | אִישׁ *a man* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר לְהוֹן יוֹסֵף מָה עוֹבָדָא הָדֵין דִּי עֲבַדְתּוּן הֲלָא יְדַּעְתּוּן אֲרֵי בָדָקָא מְבָדֵק גַּבְרָא דִּי כְוָתִי The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Joseph said unto them: 'What deed is this that ye have done? know ye not that such a man as I will indeed divine?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1453/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:1339`. - ← previous: [Genesis 44:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.44.14/) - next →: [Genesis 44:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.44.16/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/44/)