--- title: Genesis 44:32 — For thy servant became surety for the lad unto my father, saying: If… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: For thy servant became surety for the lad unto my father, saying: If I bring him not unto thee, then shall I bear the blame to my father for ever. Who acts: servant, I. Genesis 44:32 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.44.32/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/44/) / 44:32 # Genesis 44:32 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** servant, I · **What happens:** become, say, not bring, bear · **To what, where:** surety, father, blame · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Genesis 44:32 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — servant, I — and what happens in the verse to surety, father, blame, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּ֤י עַבְדְּךָ֙ עָרַ֣ב אֶת־הַנַּ֔עַר מֵעִ֥ם אָבִ֖י לֵאמֹ֑ר אִם־לֹ֤א אֲבִיאֶ֙נּוּ֙ אֵלֶ֔יךָ וְחָטָ֥אתִי לְאָבִ֖י כָּל־הַיָּמִֽים׃ [For thy servant became surety for the lad unto my father, saying: If I bring him not unto thee, then shall I bear the blame to my father for ever.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1471/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:1356 # text = כִּ֤י עַבְדְּךָ֙ עָרַ֣ב אֶת־הַנַּ֔עַר מֵעִ֥ם אָבִ֖י לֵאמֹ֑ר אִם־לֹ֤א אֲבִיאֶ֙נּוּ֙ אֵלֶ֔יךָ וְחָטָ֥אתִי לְאָבִ֖י כָּל־הַיָּמִֽים׃ # verse = GEN.44.32 1 כִּ֤י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 4 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=GEN_44:32!1|MId=o010440320011|Strong=3588 2-3 עַבְדְּךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 עַבְדּ עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ Gloss=servant|Ref=GEN_44:32!2|MId=o010440320021|Strong=5650 3 ְךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=GEN_44:32!2|MId=o010440320022|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 4 עָרַ֣ב עָרַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.stood.surety.for|Ref=GEN_44:32!3|MId=o010440320031|Strong=6148|Frame=A0:010440320021;A1:010440320052;|Type=qatal 5 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=GEN_44:32!4|MId=o010440320041|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 6-7 הַנַּ֔עַר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the.young|Ref=GEN_44:32!5|MId=o010440320051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 נַּ֔עַר נַעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 obj _ Gloss=man|Ref=GEN_44:32!5|MId=o010440320052|Strong=5288 8-9 מֵעִ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=GEN_44:32!6|MId=o010440320061|Strong=4480 9 עִ֥ם עִם ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=GEN_44:32!6|MId=o010440320062|Strong=5973 10-11 אָבִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 אָב אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=father|Ref=GEN_44:32!7|MId=o010440320071|Strong=0001 11 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=GEN_44:32!7|MId=o010440320072|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 12-13 לֵאמֹ֑ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 21 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=GEN_44:32!8|MId=o010440320081|Strong=3807a 13 אמֹ֑ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 12 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=GEN_44:32!8|MId=o010440320082|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:010440320021;|Type=infinitive_construct 14 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 16 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=GEN_44:32!9|MId=o010440320091|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No 15 לֹ֤א לֹא ADV _ _ 16 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=GEN_44:32!10|MId=o010440320101|Strong=3808|Type=negative 16-17 אֲבִיאֶ֙נּוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 אֲבִיא בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 21 advcl _ Gloss=I|Ref=GEN_44:32!11|MId=o010440320111|Strong=0935|Frame=AA:010440320021;A0:010440320112;|Type=yiqtol 17 ֶ֙נּוּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 obj _ Gloss=will.bring.him|Ref=GEN_44:32!11|MId=o010440320112|Strong=5105b|Type=pronominal 18-19 אֵלֶ֔יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 אֵלֶ֔י אֶל ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_44:32!12|MId=o010440320121|Strong=0413 19 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 16 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=GEN_44:32!12|MId=o010440320122|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 20-21 וְחָטָ֥אתִי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_44:32!13|MId=o010440320131|Strong=2050b 21 חָטָ֥אתִי חָטָא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 4 advcl _ Gloss=I.will.be.culpable|Ref=GEN_44:32!13|MId=o010440320132|Strong=2398|Frame=A0:010440320021;|Type=weqatal 22-24 לְאָבִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_44:32!14|MId=o010440320141|Strong=3807a 23 אָב אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 obl _ Gloss=father|Ref=GEN_44:32!14|MId=o010440320142|Strong=0001 24 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=GEN_44:32!14|MId=o010440320143|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 25 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=GEN_44:32!15|MId=o010440320151|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 26-27 הַיָּמִֽים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_44:32!16|MId=o010440320161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 יָּמִֽים יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=days|Ref=GEN_44:32!16|MId=o010440320162|Strong=3117 28 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=GEN_44:32!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: promise - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עָרַב *he stood surety for* | qatal · qal | עַבְדּ *servant* | נַּעַר *man* | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | עַבְדּ *servant* | | | | | **not** אֲבִיא *I* | yiqtol · hiphil | ֶנּוּ *will bring him* | | | עַבְדּ *servant* | | חָטָאתִי *I will be culpable* | weqatal · qal | עַבְדּ *servant* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} אֲרֵי עַבְדָּךְ מְעָרַב בְּעוּלֵימָא מִן אַבָּא לְמֵימָר אִם לָא אַיְתִנֵּהּ לְוָתָךְ וָאֱהִי חָטֵי לְאַבָּא כָּל יוֹמַיָּא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [For thy servant became surety for the lad unto my father, saying: If I bring him not unto thee, then shall I bear the blame to my father for ever.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1471/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:1356`. - ← previous: [Genesis 44:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.44.31/) - next →: [Genesis 44:33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.44.33/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/44/)