--- title: Genesis 48:10 — Now the eyes of Israel were dim for age, so that he could not see. A… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Now the eyes of Israel were dim for age, so that he could not see. And he brought them near unto him; and he kissed them, and embraced them. Who acts: eyes, Israel. Genesis 48:10 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.48.10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 48](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/48/) / 48:10 # Genesis 48:10 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** eyes, Israel · **What happens:** be, not see, bring, kiss, embrace · **To what, where:** eyes This is Genesis 48:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — eyes, Israel — and what happens in the verse to eyes, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְעֵינֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ כָּבְד֣וּ מִזֹּ֔קֶן לֹ֥א יוּכַ֖ל לִרְא֑וֹת וַיַּגֵּ֤שׁ אֹתָם֙ אֵלָ֔יו וַיִּשַּׁ֥ק לָהֶ֖ם וַיְחַבֵּ֥ק לָהֶֽם׃ [Now the eyes of Israel were dim for age, so that he could not see.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1585/) [And he brought them near unto him; and he kissed them, and embraced them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1586/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:1461 # text = וְעֵינֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ כָּבְד֣וּ מִזֹּ֔קֶן לֹ֥א יוּכַ֖ל לִרְא֑וֹת וַיַּגֵּ֤שׁ אֹתָם֙ אֵלָ֔יו וַיִּשַּׁ֥ק לָהֶ֖ם וַיְחַבֵּ֥ק לָהֶֽם׃ # verse = GEN.48.10 1-2 וְעֵינֵ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_48:10!1|MId=o010480100011|Strong=2050b 2 עֵינֵ֤י עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Dual 4 nsubj _ Gloss=the.eyes|Ref=GEN_48:10!1|MId=o010480100012|Strong=5869 3 יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=GEN_48:10!2|MId=o010480100021|Strong=3478 4 כָּבְד֣וּ כָּבֵד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.were.heavy|Ref=GEN_48:10!3|MId=o010480100031|Strong=3513|Frame=A0:010480100012;|Type=qatal 5-6 מִזֹּ֔קֶן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=GEN_48:10!4|MId=o010480100041|Strong=4480 6 זֹּ֔קֶן זֹקֶן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=old.age|Ref=GEN_48:10!4|MId=o010480100042|Strong=2207 7 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 8 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=GEN_48:10!5|MId=o010480100051|Strong=3808|Type=negative 8 יוּכַ֖ל יָכֹל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 parataxis _ Gloss=he.was.able|Ref=GEN_48:10!6|MId=o010480100061|Strong=3201|Frame=A0:010480100021;|Type=yiqtol 9-10 לִרְא֑וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_48:10!7|MId=o010480100071|Strong=3807a 10 רְא֑וֹת רָאָה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 8 xcomp _ Gloss=see|Ref=GEN_48:10!7|MId=o010480100072|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:010480100021;|Type=infinitive_construct 11-12 וַיַּגֵּ֤שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_48:10!8|MId=o010480100081|Strong=2050b 12 יַּגֵּ֤שׁ נָגַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he.brought.near|Ref=GEN_48:10!8|MId=o010480100082|Strong=5066|Frame=AA:010480090021;A0:010480100092;|Type=wayyiqtol 13-14 אֹתָם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=|Ref=GEN_48:10!9|MId=o010480100091|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 14 ָם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=GEN_48:10!9|MId=o010480100092|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 15-16 אֵלָ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 אֵלָ֔י אֶל ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_48:10!10|MId=o010480100101|Strong=0413 16 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=GEN_48:10!10|MId=o010480100102|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 17-18 וַיִּשַּׁ֥ק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_48:10!11|MId=o010480100111|Strong=2050b 18 יִּשַּׁ֥ק נָשַׁק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he.kissed|Ref=GEN_48:10!11|MId=o010480100112|Strong=5401|Frame=A0:010480100021;|Type=wayyiqtol 19-20 לָהֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 ל לְ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=GEN_48:10!12|MId=o010480100121|Strong=3807a 20 ָהֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=GEN_48:10!12|MId=o010480100122|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 21-22 וַיְחַבֵּ֥ק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_48:10!13|MId=o010480100131|Strong=2050b 22 יְחַבֵּ֥ק חָבַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he.embraced|Ref=GEN_48:10!13|MId=o010480100132|Strong=2263|Frame=A0:010480100021;|Type=wayyiqtol 23-24 לָהֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 ל לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=GEN_48:10!14|MId=o010480100141|Strong=3807a 24 ָהֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=GEN_48:10!14|MId=o010480100142|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=GEN_48:10!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | כָּבְדוּ *they were heavy* | qatal · qal | עֵינֵי *the eyes* | | | | | **not** יוּכַל *he was able* | yiqtol · qal | יִשְׂרָאֵל *of Israel* | | | | | רְאוֹת *see* | infinitive construct · qal | יִשְׂרָאֵל *of Israel* | | | | | יַּגֵּשׁ *he brought near* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | ָם *them* | | | | | יִּשַּׁק *he kissed* | wayyiqtol · qal | יִשְׂרָאֵל *of Israel* | | | | | יְחַבֵּק *he embraced* | wayyiqtol · piel | יִשְׂרָאֵל *of Israel* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְעֵינֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל יְקָרָן מִסֵּיבוּ לָא יִכּוּל לְמֶחֱזֵי וְקָרִיב יָתְהוֹן לְוָתֵהּ וְנַשִּׁיק לְהוֹן וְגַפִּיף לְהוֹן The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Now the eyes of Israel were dim for age, so that he could not see.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1585/) 2. [And he brought them near unto him; and he kissed them, and embraced them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1586/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:1461`. - ← previous: [Genesis 48:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.48.9/) - next →: [Genesis 48:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.48.11/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 48](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/48/)