--- title: Genesis 6:4 — The Nephilim were in the earth in those days, and also after that, w… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: The Nephilim were in the earth in those days, and also after that, when the sons of God came in unto the daughters of men, and they bore children to them; the same were the mighty men that were of old, the men of renown. Who acts: Nephilim, sons, same, mighty men. Genesis 6:4 in Hebrew with its depe --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.6.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/6/) / 6:4 # Genesis 6:4 בְּרֵאשִׁית **Who acts:** Nephilim, sons, same, mighty men · **What happens:** be, come in, bear · **To what, where:** earth, children, men, mighty men This is Genesis 6:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Nephilim, sons, same, mighty men — and what happens in the verse to earth, children, men, mighty men, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הַנְּפִלִ֞ים הָי֣וּ בָאָרֶץ֮ בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵם֒ וְגַ֣ם אַֽחֲרֵי־כֵ֗ן אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָבֹ֜אוּ בְּנֵ֤י הָֽאֱלֹהִים֙ אֶל־בְּנ֣וֹת הָֽאָדָ֔ם וְיָלְד֖וּ לָהֶ֑ם הֵ֧מָּה הַגִּבֹּרִ֛ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר מֵעוֹלָ֖ם אַנְשֵׁ֥י הַשֵּֽׁם׃פ [The Nephilim were in the earth in those days, and also after that, when the sons of God came in unto the daughters of men, and they bore children to them; the same were the mighty men that were of old, the men of renown.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.152/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:GEN:141 # text = הַנְּפִלִ֞ים הָי֣וּ בָאָרֶץ֮ בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵם֒ וְגַ֣ם אַֽחֲרֵי־כֵ֗ן אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָבֹ֜אוּ בְּנֵ֤י הָֽאֱלֹהִים֙ אֶל־בְּנ֣וֹת הָֽאָדָ֔ם וְיָלְד֖וּ לָהֶ֑ם הֵ֧מָּה הַגִּבֹּרִ֛ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר מֵעוֹלָ֖ם אַנְשֵׁ֥י הַשֵּֽׁם׃פ # verse = GEN.6.4 1-2 הַנְּפִלִ֞ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 2 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_6:4!1|MId=o010060040011|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 2 נְּפִלִ֞ים נְפִילִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ Gloss=Nephilim|Ref=GEN_6:4!1|MId=o010060040012|Strong=5303 3 הָי֣וּ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 6 cop _ Gloss=they.were|Ref=GEN_6:4!2|MId=o010060040021|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:010060040012;|Type=qatal 4-6 בָאָרֶץ֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 בָ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=GEN_6:4!3|MId=o010060040031|Strong=0871a 5 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_6:4!3|MId=o010060040031ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 אָרֶץ֮ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=earth|Ref=GEN_6:4!3|MId=o010060040032|Strong=0776 7-9 בַּיָּמִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=GEN_6:4!4|MId=o010060040041|Strong=0871a 8 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=GEN_6:4!4|MId=o010060040041ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 יָּמִ֣ים יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 obl _ Gloss=days|Ref=GEN_6:4!4|MId=o010060040042|Strong=3117 10-11 הָהֵם֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=GEN_6:4!5|MId=o010060040051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 הֵם֒ הֵם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 det _ Gloss=those|Ref=GEN_6:4!5|MId=o010060040052|Strong=1992|Type=personal 12-13 וְגַ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_6:4!6|MId=o010060040061|Strong=2050b 13 גַ֣ם גַּם ADV _ _ 15 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=GEN_6:4!6|MId=o010060040062|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 14 אַֽחֲרֵי־ אַחַר ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=after|Ref=GEN_6:4!7|MId=o010060040071|Strong=0310|SpaceAfter=No 15 כֵ֗ן כֵּן ADV _ _ 9 conj _ Gloss=thus|Ref=GEN_6:4!8|MId=o010060040081|Strong=3651 16 אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 17 mark _ Gloss=when|Ref=GEN_6:4!9|MId=o010060040091|Strong=0834|Type=relative 17 יָבֹ֜אוּ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 15 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.went|Ref=GEN_6:4!10|MId=o010060040101|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:010060040111;|Type=yiqtol 18 בְּנֵ֤י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 nsubj _ Gloss=the.sons|Ref=GEN_6:4!11|MId=o010060040111|Strong=1121 19-20 הָֽאֱלֹהִים֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=GEN_6:4!12|MId=o010060040121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 אֱלֹהִים֙ אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=God|Ref=GEN_6:4!12|MId=o010060040122|Strong=0430 21 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=into|Ref=GEN_6:4!13|MId=o010060040131|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 22 בְּנ֣וֹת בַּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 17 obl _ Gloss=the.daughters|Ref=GEN_6:4!14|MId=o010060040141|Strong=1323 23-24 הָֽאָדָ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 24 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=GEN_6:4!15|MId=o010060040151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 24 אָדָ֔ם אָדָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=humankind|Ref=GEN_6:4!15|MId=o010060040152|Strong=0120 25-26 וְיָלְד֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=GEN_6:4!16|MId=o010060040161|Strong=2050b 26 יָלְד֖וּ יָלַד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 17 conj _ Gloss=they.bore.children|Ref=GEN_6:4!16|MId=o010060040162|Strong=3205|Frame=A0:010060040141;|Type=weqatal 27-28 לָהֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 ל לְ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=GEN_6:4!17|MId=o010060040171|Strong=3807a 28 ָהֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=GEN_6:4!17|MId=o010060040172|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 29 הֵ֧מָּה הֵמָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ Gloss=they|Ref=GEN_6:4!18|MId=o010060040181|Strong=1992|Type=personal 30-31 הַגִּבֹּרִ֛ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 31 det _ Gloss=[were].the|Ref=GEN_6:4!19|MId=o010060040191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 31 גִּבֹּרִ֛ים גִּבּוֹר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 parataxis _ Gloss=mighty.[men]|Ref=GEN_6:4!19|MId=o010060040192|Strong=1368|Type=adjective 32 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 34 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=GEN_6:4!20|MId=o010060040201|Strong=0834|Type=relative 33-34 מֵעוֹלָ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=[were].from|Ref=GEN_6:4!21|MId=o010060040211|Strong=4480 34 עוֹלָ֖ם עוֹלָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 acl:relcl _ Gloss=long.ago|Ref=GEN_6:4!21|MId=o010060040212|Strong=5769 35 אַנְשֵׁ֥י אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 31 appos _ Gloss=the.men|Ref=GEN_6:4!22|MId=o010060040221|Strong=0376 36-37 הַשֵּֽׁם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 37 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=GEN_6:4!23|MId=o010060040231|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 37 שֵּֽׁם שֵׁם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 35 compound:smixut _ Gloss=name|Ref=GEN_6:4!23|MId=o010060040232|Strong=8034 38 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=GEN_6:4!23|SpaceAfter=No 39 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=GEN_6:4!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הָיוּ *they were* | qatal · qal | נְּפִלִים *Nephilim* | | | | | יָבֹאוּ *they went* | yiqtol · qal | בְּנֵי *the sons* | | | | | יָלְדוּ *they bore children* | weqatal · qal | בְּנוֹת *the daughters* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} גִּבָּרַיָּא הֲווֹ בְאַרְעָא בְּיוֹמַיָּא הָאִנּוּן וְאַף בָּתַר כֵּן דִּי יַעֲלוּן בְּנֵי רַבְרְבַיָּא לְוַת בְּנַת אֱנָשָׁא וִילִידָן לְהוֹן אִנוּן גִּבָּרַיָּא דִּמֵעָלְמָא אֱנָשִׁין דִּשְׁמָא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [The Nephilim were in the earth in those days, and also after that, when the sons of God came in unto the daughters of men, and they bore children to them; the same were the mighty men that were of old, the men of renown.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.152/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:GEN:141`. - ← previous: [Genesis 6:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.6.3/) - next →: [Genesis 6:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.6.5/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/6/)