--- title: Leviticus 11:2 — Speak unto the children of Israel, saying: These are the living thin… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Speak unto the children of Israel, saying: These are the living things which ye may eat among all the beasts that are on the earth. Who acts: you, These, ye, beasts. Leviticus 11:2 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.11.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Leviticus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/) / [chapter 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/11/) / 11:2 # Leviticus 11:2 וַיִּקְרָא **Who acts:** you, These, ye, beasts · **What happens:** speak, say, be, eat · **To what, where:** living things, earth · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Leviticus 11:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, These, ye, beasts — and what happens in the verse to living things, earth, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 27 chapters of Leviticus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. דַּבְּר֛וּ אֶל־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר זֹ֤את הַֽחַיָּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תֹּאכְל֔וּ מִכָּל־הַבְּהֵמָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר עַל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃ [Speak unto the children of Israel, saying: These are the living things which ye may eat among all the beasts that are on the earth.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.256/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:LEV:253 # text = דַּבְּר֛וּ אֶל־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר זֹ֤את הַֽחַיָּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תֹּאכְל֔וּ מִכָּל־הַבְּהֵמָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר עַל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃ # verse = LEV.11.2 1 דַּבְּר֛וּ דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=speak|Ref=LEV_11:2!1|MId=o030110020011|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:030110010041;030110010061;|Type=imperative 2 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=LEV_11:2!2|MId=o030110020021|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 3 בְּנֵ֥י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 obl _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=LEV_11:2!3|MId=o030110020031|Strong=1121 4 יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=LEV_11:2!4|MId=o030110020041|Strong=3478 5-6 לֵאמֹ֑ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 7 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=LEV_11:2!5|MId=o030110020051|Strong=3807a 6 אמֹ֑ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 5 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=LEV_11:2!5|MId=o030110020052|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:030110010041;030110010061;|Type=infinitive_construct 7 זֹ֤את זֹאת PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 1 ccomp _ Gloss=this|Ref=LEV_11:2!6|MId=o030110020061|Strong=2063|Type=demonstrative 8-9 הַֽחַיָּה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הַֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=[is].the|Ref=LEV_11:2!7|MId=o030110020071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 חַיָּה֙ חַיָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ Gloss=living.creature|Ref=LEV_11:2!7|MId=o030110020072|Strong=2416c 10 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 11 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=LEV_11:2!8|MId=o030110020081|Strong=0834|Type=relative 11 תֹּאכְל֔וּ אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 9 acl:relcl _ Gloss=you.will.eat|Ref=LEV_11:2!9|MId=o030110020091|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:030110020031;A1:030110020072;|Type=yiqtol 12-13 מִכָּל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=LEV_11:2!10|MId=o030110020101|Strong=4480 13 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=every|Ref=LEV_11:2!10|MId=o030110020102|Strong=3605 14-15 הַבְּהֵמָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=LEV_11:2!11|MId=o030110020111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 בְּהֵמָ֖ה בְּהֵמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=animal|Ref=LEV_11:2!11|MId=o030110020112|Strong=0929 16 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 19 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=LEV_11:2!12|MId=o030110020121|Strong=0834|Type=relative 17 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=[is].on|Ref=LEV_11:2!13|MId=o030110020131|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 18-19 הָאָֽרֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=LEV_11:2!14|MId=o030110020141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 אָֽרֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 13 acl:relcl _ Gloss=earth|Ref=LEV_11:2!14|MId=o030110020142|Strong=0776 20 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=LEV_11:2!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | דַּבְּרוּ *speak* | imperative · piel | | | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | תֹּאכְלוּ *you will eat* | yiqtol · qal | בְּנֵי *the people* | חַיָּה *living creature* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} מַלִילוּ עִם בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לְמֵימַר דָא חַיְתָא דִי תֵיכְלוּן מִכָּל בְּעִירָא דִי עַל אַרְעָא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Speak unto the children of Israel, saying: These are the living things which ye may eat among all the beasts that are on the earth.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.256/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:LEV:253`. - ← previous: [Leviticus 11:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.11.1/) - next →: [Leviticus 11:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.11.3/) - ↑ back to [Leviticus 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/11/)