--- title: Leviticus 11:21 — Yet these may ye eat of all winged swarming things that go upon all… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Yet these may ye eat of all winged swarming things that go upon all fours, which have jointed legs above their feet, wherewith to leap upon the earth; Who acts: ye, winged swarming things, fours. Leviticus 11:21 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.11.21/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Leviticus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/) / [chapter 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/11/) / 11:21 # Leviticus 11:21 וַיִּקְרָא **Who acts:** ye, winged swarming things, fours · **What happens:** eat, go, joint, leap · **To what, where:** these, fours, legs, feet, earth This is Leviticus 11:21 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ye, winged swarming things, fours — and what happens in the verse to these, fours, legs, feet, earth, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 27 chapters of Leviticus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. אַ֤ךְ אֶת־זֶה֙ תֹּֽאכְל֔וּ מִכֹּל֙ שֶׁ֣רֶץ הָע֔וֹף הַהֹלֵ֖ךְ עַל־אַרְבַּ֑ע אֲשֶׁר־ל֤וֹ כְרָעַ֙יִם֙ מִמַּ֣עַל לְרַגְלָ֔יו לְנַתֵּ֥ר בָּהֵ֖ן עַל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃ [Yet these may ye eat of all winged swarming things that go upon all fours, which have jointed legs above their feet, wherewith to leap upon the earth;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.275/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:LEV:272 # text = אַ֤ךְ אֶת־זֶה֙ תֹּֽאכְל֔וּ מִכֹּל֙ שֶׁ֣רֶץ הָע֔וֹף הַהֹלֵ֖ךְ עַל־אַרְבַּ֑ע אֲשֶׁר־ל֤וֹ כְרָעַ֙יִם֙ מִמַּ֣עַל לְרַגְלָ֔יו לְנַתֵּ֥ר בָּהֵ֖ן עַל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃ # verse = LEV.11.21 1 אַ֤ךְ אַךְ ADV _ _ 3 advmod _ Gloss=nevertheless|Ref=LEV_11:21!1|MId=o030110210011|Strong=0389|Type=affirmation 2 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=LEV_11:21!2|MId=o030110210021|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 3 זֶה֙ זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 4 obj _ Gloss=this|Ref=LEV_11:21!3|MId=o030110210031|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 4 תֹּֽאכְל֔וּ אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.will.eat|Ref=LEV_11:21!4|MId=o030110210041|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:030110020031;A1:030110210031;|Type=yiqtol 5-6 מִכֹּל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=LEV_11:21!5|MId=o030110210051|Strong=4480 6 כֹּל֙ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=every|Ref=LEV_11:21!5|MId=o030110210052|Strong=3605 7 שֶׁ֣רֶץ שֶׁרֶץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=(the).swarming.thing|Ref=LEV_11:21!6|MId=o030110210061|Strong=8318 8-9 הָע֔וֹף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=LEV_11:21!7|MId=o030110210071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 ע֔וֹף עוֹף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=insect|Ref=LEV_11:21!7|MId=o030110210072|Strong=5775 10-11 הַהֹלֵ֖ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 11 mark _ Gloss=[which]|Ref=LEV_11:21!8|MId=o030110210081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 הֹלֵ֖ךְ הָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 7 appos _ Gloss=walks|Ref=LEV_11:21!8|MId=o030110210082|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:030110210061;|Type=participle_active 12 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=LEV_11:21!9|MId=o030110210091|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 13 אַרְבַּ֑ע אַרְבַּע NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=four.[legs]|Ref=LEV_11:21!10|MId=o030110210101|Strong=0702|Type=cardinal_number 14 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 16 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=LEV_11:21!11|MId=o030110210111|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 15-16 ל֤וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 ל לְ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=[belong].to|Ref=LEV_11:21!13|MId=o030110210131|Strong=3807a 16 ֤וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 acl:relcl _ Gloss=it|Ref=LEV_11:21!13|MId=o030110210132|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 17 כְרָעַ֙יִם֙ כְּרָעַיִם NOUN _ Number=Dual 16 nsubj _ Gloss=legs|Ref=LEV_11:21!14|MId=o030110210141|Strong=3767 18-19 מִמַּ֣עַל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=LEV_11:21!15|MId=o030110210151|Strong=4480 19 מַּ֣עַל מַעַל ADV _ _ 16 obl _ Gloss=above|Ref=LEV_11:21!15|MId=o030110210152|Strong=4605 20-22 לְרַגְלָ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=LEV_11:21!16|MId=o030110210161|Strong=3807a 21 רַגְלָ֔י רֶגֶל NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Dual 19 nmod _ Gloss=feet|Ref=LEV_11:21!16|MId=o030110210162|Strong=7272 22 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=LEV_11:21!16|MId=o030110210163|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 23-24 לְנַתֵּ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=LEV_11:21!17|MId=o030110210171|Strong=3807a 24 נַתֵּ֥ר נָתַר VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 16 advcl _ Gloss=hop|Ref=LEV_11:21!17|MId=o030110210172|Strong=5425a|Frame=A0:030110210061;|Type=infinitive_construct 25-26 בָּהֵ֖ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=LEV_11:21!18|MId=o030110210181|Strong=0871a 26 ָהֵ֖ן הֵן PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=LEV_11:21!18|MId=o030110210182|Strong=2004|Type=pronominal 27 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=LEV_11:21!19|MId=o030110210191|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 28-29 הָאָֽרֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=LEV_11:21!20|MId=o030110210201|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 אָֽרֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 24 obl _ Gloss=ground|Ref=LEV_11:21!20|MId=o030110210202|Strong=0776 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=LEV_11:21!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no - indirect: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תֹּֽאכְלוּ *you will eat* | yiqtol · qal | | זֶה *this* | | | | הֹלֵךְ *walks* | participle active · qal | שֶׁרֶץ *(the) swarming thing* | | | | | נַתֵּר *hop* | infinitive construct · piel | שֶׁרֶץ *(the) swarming thing* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} בְּרַם יָת דֵין תֵּיכְלוּן מִכֹּל רִחֲשָׁא דְעוֹפָא דִמְהַלֵךְ עַל אַרְבַּע דִי לֵהּ קַרְצוּלִין מֵעִלַוֵי רַגְלוֹהִי לְקַפָּצָא בְהוֹן עַל אַרְעָא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Yet these may ye eat of all winged swarming things that go upon all fours, which have jointed legs above their feet, wherewith to leap upon the earth;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.275/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:LEV:272`. - ← previous: [Leviticus 11:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.11.20/) - next →: [Leviticus 11:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.11.22/) - ↑ back to [Leviticus 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/11/)