--- title: Leviticus 11:4 — Nevertheless these shall ye not eat of them that only chew the cud,… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Nevertheless these shall ye not eat of them that only chew the cud, or of them that only part the hoof: the camel, because he cheweth the cud but parteth not the hoof, he is unclean unto you. Who acts: ye, LORD. Leviticus 11:4 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the prag --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.11.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Leviticus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/) / [chapter 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/11/) / 11:4 # Leviticus 11:4 וַיִּקְרָא **Who acts:** ye, LORD · **What happens:** not eat, chew, part, not part, be · **To what, where:** these, cud, hoof This is Leviticus 11:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ye, LORD — and what happens in the verse to these, cud, hoof, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 27 chapters of Leviticus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. אַ֤ךְ אֶת־זֶה֙ לֹ֣א תֹֽאכְל֔וּ מִֽמַּעֲלֵי֙ הַגֵּרָ֔ה וּמִמַּפְרִיסֵ֖י הַפַּרְסָ֑ה אֶֽת־הַ֠גָּמָל כִּֽי־מַעֲלֵ֨ה גֵרָ֜ה ה֗וּא וּפַרְסָה֙ אֵינֶ֣נּוּ מַפְרִ֔יס טָמֵ֥א ה֖וּא לָכֶֽם׃ [Nevertheless these shall ye not eat of them that only chew the cud, or of them that only part the hoof: the camel, because he cheweth the cud but parteth not the hoof, he is unclean unto you.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.258/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:LEV:255 # text = אַ֤ךְ אֶת־זֶה֙ לֹ֣א תֹֽאכְל֔וּ מִֽמַּעֲלֵי֙ הַגֵּרָ֔ה וּמִמַּפְרִיסֵ֖י הַפַּרְסָ֑ה אֶֽת־הַ֠גָּמָל כִּֽי־מַעֲלֵ֨ה גֵרָ֜ה ה֗וּא וּפַרְסָה֙ אֵינֶ֣נּוּ מַפְרִ֔יס טָמֵ֥א ה֖וּא לָכֶֽם׃ # verse = LEV.11.4 1 אַ֤ךְ אַךְ ADV _ _ 3 advmod _ Gloss=nevertheless|Ref=LEV_11:4!1|MId=o030110040011|Strong=0389|Type=affirmation 2 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=LEV_11:4!2|MId=o030110040021|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 3 זֶה֙ זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 5 obj _ Gloss=this|Ref=LEV_11:4!3|MId=o030110040031|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 4 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 5 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=LEV_11:4!4|MId=o030110040041|Strong=3808|Type=negative 5 תֹֽאכְל֔וּ אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.must.eat|Ref=LEV_11:4!5|MId=o030110040051|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:030110020031;A1:030110040031;|Type=yiqtol 6-7 מִֽמַּעֲלֵי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 מִֽ מִן ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=LEV_11:4!6|MId=o030110040061|Strong=4480 7 מַּעֲלֵי֙ עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur 5 advcl _ Gloss=[those.which].bring.up|Ref=LEV_11:4!6|MId=o030110040062|Strong=5927|Frame=A1:030110040072;|Type=participle_active 8-9 הַגֵּרָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=(of).the|Ref=LEV_11:4!7|MId=o030110040071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 גֵּרָ֔ה גֵּרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=cud|Ref=LEV_11:4!7|MId=o030110040072|Strong=1625 10-12 וּמִמַּפְרִיסֵ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=LEV_11:4!8|MId=o030110040081|Strong=2050b 11 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=LEV_11:4!8|MId=o030110040082|Strong=4480 12 מַּפְרִיסֵ֖י פָּרַס VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur 7 conj _ Gloss=[those.which].divide.in.two|Ref=LEV_11:4!8|MId=o030110040083|Strong=6536|Frame=A1:030110040092;|Type=participle_active 13-14 הַפַּרְסָ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=(of).the|Ref=LEV_11:4!9|MId=o030110040091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 פַּרְסָ֑ה פַּרְסָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=hoof|Ref=LEV_11:4!9|MId=o030110040092|Strong=6541 15 אֶֽת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=LEV_11:4!10|MId=o030110040101|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 16-17 הַ֠גָּמָל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הַ֠ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=LEV_11:4!11|MId=o030110040111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 גָּמָל גָּמָל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 parataxis _ Gloss=camel|Ref=LEV_11:4!11|MId=o030110040112|Strong=1581 18 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 19 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=LEV_11:4!12|MId=o030110040121|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 19 מַעֲלֵ֨ה עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing 5 parataxis _ Gloss=[is].bringing.up|Ref=LEV_11:4!13|MId=o030110040131|Strong=5927|Frame=AA:030110040151;A0:030110040141;|Type=participle_active 20 גֵרָ֜ה גֵּרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=(of).cud|Ref=LEV_11:4!14|MId=o030110040141|Strong=1625 21 ה֗וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ Gloss=it|Ref=LEV_11:4!15|MId=o030110040151|Strong=1931|Type=personal 22-23 וּפַרְסָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=LEV_11:4!16|MId=o030110040161|Strong=2050b 23 פַרְסָה֙ פַּרְסָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 26 obj _ Gloss=a.hoof|Ref=LEV_11:4!16|MId=o030110040162|Strong=6541 24-25 אֵינֶ֣נּוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 אֵינ אַיִן ADV _ _ 26 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=LEV_11:4!17|MId=o030110040171|Strong=0369|Type=negative 25 ֶ֣נּוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ Gloss=it|Ref=LEV_11:4!17|MId=o030110040172|Strong=5105b|Type=pronominal 26 מַפְרִ֔יס פָּרַס VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing 19 conj _ Gloss=[is].dividing.in.two|Ref=LEV_11:4!18|MId=o030110040181|Strong=6536|Frame=A0:030110040162;AA:030110040172;|Type=participle_active 27 טָמֵ֥א טָמֵא ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 parataxis _ Gloss=[is].unclean|Ref=LEV_11:4!19|MId=o030110040191|Strong=2931|Type=adjective 28 ה֖וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ Gloss=it|Ref=LEV_11:4!20|MId=o030110040201|Strong=1931|Type=personal 29-30 לָכֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 ל לְ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=LEV_11:4!21|MId=o030110040211|Strong=3807a 30 ָכֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 27 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=LEV_11:4!21|MId=o030110040212|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 31 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=LEV_11:4!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes - indirect: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** תֹֽאכְלוּ *you must eat* | yiqtol · qal | | זֶה *this* | | | | מַּעֲלֵי *\[those which\] bring up* | participle active · hiphil | | גֵּרָה *cud* | | | | מַּפְרִיסֵי *\[those which\] divide in two* | participle active · hiphil | | פַּרְסָה *hoof* | | | | מַעֲלֵה *\[is\] bringing up* | participle active · hiphil | גֵרָה *(of) cud* | | | הוּא *it* | | **not** מַפְרִיס *\[is\] dividing in two* | participle active · hiphil | פַרְסָה *a hoof* | | | ֶנּוּ *it* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} בְּרָם יָת דֵין לָא תֵיכְלוּן מִמַסְקֵי פִשְׁרָא וּמִמַסְדִיקֵי פַּרְסָתָא יָת גַמְלָא אֲרֵי מַסִיק פִּשְׁרָא הוּא וּפַרְסָתָא לָא סְדִיקָא מְסָאָב הוּא לְכוֹן The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Nevertheless these shall ye not eat of them that only chew the cud, or of them that only part the hoof: the camel, because he cheweth the cud but parteth not the hoof, he is unclean unto you.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.258/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:LEV:255`. - ← previous: [Leviticus 11:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.11.3/) - next →: [Leviticus 11:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.11.5/) - ↑ back to [Leviticus 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/11/)