--- title: Leviticus 19:20 — And whosoever lieth carnally with a woman, that is a bondmaid, desig… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And whosoever lieth carnally with a woman, that is a bondmaid, designated for a man, and not at all redeemed, nor was freedom given her; there shall be inquisition; they shall not be put to death, because she was not free. Who acts: woman, inquisition. Leviticus 19:20 in Hebrew with its dependency t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.19.20/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Leviticus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/19/) / 19:20 # Leviticus 19:20 וַיִּקְרָא **Who acts:** woman, inquisition · **What happens:** lie, be, designate, not redeem, give, not put · **To what, where:** bondmaid, freedom, woman, statutes This is Leviticus 19:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — woman, inquisition — and what happens in the verse to bondmaid, freedom, woman, statutes, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 27 chapters of Leviticus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְ֠אִישׁ כִּֽי־יִשְׁכַּ֨ב אֶת־אִשָּׁ֜ה שִׁכְבַת־זֶ֗רַע וְהִ֤וא שִׁפְחָה֙ נֶחֱרֶ֣פֶת לְאִ֔ישׁ וְהָפְדֵּה֙ לֹ֣א נִפְדָּ֔תָה א֥וֹ חֻפְשָׁ֖ה לֹ֣א נִתַּן־לָ֑הּ בִּקֹּ֧רֶת תִּהְיֶ֛ה לֹ֥א יוּמְת֖וּ כִּי־לֹ֥א חֻפָּֽשָׁה׃ [And whosoever lieth carnally with a woman, that is a bondmaid, designated for a man, and not at all redeemed, nor was freedom given her; there shall be inquisition; they shall not be put to death, because she was not free.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.562/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:LEV:555 # text = וְ֠אִישׁ כִּֽי־יִשְׁכַּ֨ב אֶת־אִשָּׁ֜ה שִׁכְבַת־זֶ֗רַע וְהִ֤וא שִׁפְחָה֙ נֶחֱרֶ֣פֶת לְאִ֔ישׁ וְהָפְדֵּה֙ לֹ֣א נִפְדָּ֔תָה א֥וֹ חֻפְשָׁ֖ה לֹ֣א נִתַּן־לָ֑הּ בִּקֹּ֧רֶת תִּהְיֶ֛ה לֹ֥א יוּמְת֖וּ כִּי־לֹ֥א חֻפָּֽשָׁה׃ # verse = LEV.19.20 1-2 וְ֠אִישׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ֠ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=LEV_19:20!1|MId=o030190200011|Strong=2050b 2 אִישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 dislocated _ Gloss=a.man|Ref=LEV_19:20!1|MId=o030190200012|Strong=0376 3 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 4 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=LEV_19:20!2|MId=o030190200021|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 4 יִשְׁכַּ֨ב שָׁכַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 31 advcl _ Gloss=he.will.lie|Ref=LEV_19:20!3|MId=o030190200031|Strong=7901|Frame=A0:030190200012;|Type=yiqtol 5 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=LEV_19:20!4|MId=o030190200041|Strong=0854|SpaceAfter=No 6 אִשָּׁ֜ה אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=a.woman|Ref=LEV_19:20!5|MId=o030190200051|Strong=0802 7 שִׁכְבַת־ שְׁכָבָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=a.laying|Ref=LEV_19:20!6|MId=o030190200061|Strong=7902|SpaceAfter=No 8 זֶ֗רַע זֶרַע NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.seed|Ref=LEV_19:20!7|MId=o030190200071|Strong=2233 9-10 וְהִ֤וא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=LEV_19:20!8|MId=o030190200081|Strong=2050b 10 הִ֤וא הִיא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ Gloss=she|Ref=LEV_19:20!8|MId=o030190200082|Strong=1931a|Type=personal 11 שִׁפְחָה֙ שִׁפְחָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=[is].a.female.slave|Ref=LEV_19:20!9|MId=o030190200091|Strong=8198 12 נֶחֱרֶ֣פֶת חָרַף VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing 11 acl:relcl _ Gloss=intended|Ref=LEV_19:20!10|MId=o030190200101|Strong=2778b|Frame=A1:030190200091;|Type=participle_active 13-14 לְאִ֔ישׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=LEV_19:20!11|MId=o030190200111|Strong=3807a 14 אִ֔ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=a.man|Ref=LEV_19:20!11|MId=o030190200112|Strong=0376 15-16 וְהָפְדֵּה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=LEV_19:20!12|MId=o030190200121|Strong=2050b 16 הָפְדֵּה֙ פָּדָה VERB _ HebBinyan=HOPHAL 18 obl:npmod _ Gloss=indeed.(be.released)|Ref=LEV_19:20!12|MId=o030190200122|Strong=6299|Type=infinitive_absolute 17 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 18 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=LEV_19:20!13|MId=o030190200131|Strong=3808|Type=negative 18 נִפְדָּ֔תָה פָּדָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 11 conj _ Gloss=she.had.been.released|Ref=LEV_19:20!14|MId=o030190200141|Strong=6299|Frame=A1:030190200051;|Type=qatal 19 א֥וֹ אוֹ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=or|Ref=LEV_19:20!15|MId=o030190200151|Strong=0176 20 חֻפְשָׁ֖ה חֻפְשָׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ Gloss=freedom|Ref=LEV_19:20!16|MId=o030190200161|Strong=2668 21 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 22 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=LEV_19:20!17|MId=o030190200171|Strong=3808|Type=negative 22 נִתַּן־ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 18 conj _ Gloss=it.had.been.given|Ref=LEV_19:20!18|MId=o030190200181|Strong=5414|Frame=A1:030190200161;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 23-24 לָ֑הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 ל לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=LEV_19:20!19|MId=o030190200191|Strong=3807a 24 ָ֑הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obl _ Gloss=her|Ref=LEV_19:20!19|MId=o030190200192|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 25 בִּקֹּ֧רֶת בִּקֹּרֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ Gloss=compensation|Ref=LEV_19:20!20|MId=o030190200201|Strong=1244 26 תִּהְיֶ֛ה הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 31 parataxis _ Gloss=it.will.be|Ref=LEV_19:20!21|MId=o030190200211|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:030190200201;|Type=yiqtol 27 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 28 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=LEV_19:20!22|MId=o030190200221|Strong=3808|Type=negative 28 יוּמְת֖וּ מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HOPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 31 parataxis _ Gloss=they.will.be.put.to.death|Ref=LEV_19:20!23|MId=o030190200231|Strong=4191|Frame=A1:030190200012;030190200051;|Type=yiqtol 29 כִּי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 31 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=LEV_19:20!24|MId=o030190200241|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 30 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 31 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=LEV_19:20!25|MId=o030190200251|Strong=3808|Type=negative 31 חֻפָּֽשָׁה חָפַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PUAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=she.had.been.given.freedom|Ref=LEV_19:20!26|MId=o030190200261|Strong=2666|Frame=A1:030190200051;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=LEV_19:20!26 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִשְׁכַּב *he will lie* | yiqtol · qal | אִישׁ *a man* | | | | | נֶחֱרֶפֶת *intended* | participle active · niphal | | שִׁפְחָה *\[is\] a female slave* | | | | **not** נִפְדָּתָה *she had been released* | qatal · niphal | | אִשָּׁה *a woman* | | | | **not** נִתַּן־ *it had been given* | qatal · niphal | | חֻפְשָׁה *freedom* | | | | תִּהְיֶה *it will be* | yiqtol · qal | בִּקֹּרֶת *compensation* | | | | | **not** יוּמְתוּ *they will be put to death* | yiqtol · hophal | | אִישׁ *a man* + אִשָּׁה *a woman* | | | | **not** חֻפָּֽשָׁה *she had been given freedom* | qatal · pual | | אִשָּׁה *a woman* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּגְבַר אֲרֵי יִשְׁכּוּב עִם אִתְּתָא שִׁכְבַת זַרְעָא וְהִיא אַמְתָא אֲחִידָא לִגְבַר וְאִתְפְּרָקָא לָא אִתְפְּרִיקַת בְּכַסְפָּא אוֹ חֵרוּתָא לָא אִתְיְהִיבַת לַהּ בִּשְׁטָר בִּקֻּרְתָּא תְהֵי לָא יוּמְתוּן אֲרֵי לָא אִתְחָרָרַת The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And whosoever lieth carnally with a woman, that is a bondmaid, designated for a man, and not at all redeemed, nor was freedom given her; there shall be inquisition; they shall not be put to death, because she was not free.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.562/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:LEV:555`. - ← previous: [Leviticus 19:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.19.19/) - next →: [Leviticus 19:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.19.21/) - ↑ back to [Leviticus 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/19/)