--- title: Leviticus 19:23 — And when ye shall come into the land, and shall have planted all man… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And when ye shall come into the land, and shall have planted all manner of trees for food, then ye shall count the fruit thereof as forbidden; three years shall it be as forbidden unto you; it shall not be eaten. Who acts: ye, fruit. Leviticus 19:23 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.19.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Leviticus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/19/) / 19:23 # Leviticus 19:23 וַיִּקְרָא **Who acts:** ye, fruit · **What happens:** come, plant, count, be, not eat · **To what, where:** land, manner, fruit This is Leviticus 19:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ye, fruit — and what happens in the verse to land, manner, fruit, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 27 chapters of Leviticus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְכִי־תָבֹ֣אוּ אֶל־הָאָ֗רֶץ וּנְטַעְתֶּם֙ כָּל־עֵ֣ץ מַאֲכָ֔ל וַעֲרַלְתֶּ֥ם עָרְלָת֖וֹ אֶת־פִּרְי֑וֹ שָׁלֹ֣שׁ שָׁנִ֗ים יִהְיֶ֥ה לָכֶ֛ם עֲרֵלִ֖ים לֹ֥א יֵאָכֵֽל׃ [And when ye shall come into the land, and shall have planted all manner of trees for food, then ye shall count the fruit thereof as forbidden; three years shall it be as forbidden unto you; it shall not be eaten.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.565/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:LEV:558 # text = וְכִי־תָבֹ֣אוּ אֶל־הָאָ֗רֶץ וּנְטַעְתֶּם֙ כָּל־עֵ֣ץ מַאֲכָ֔ל וַעֲרַלְתֶּ֥ם עָרְלָת֖וֹ אֶת־פִּרְי֑וֹ שָׁלֹ֣שׁ שָׁנִ֗ים יִהְיֶ֥ה לָכֶ֛ם עֲרֵלִ֖ים לֹ֥א יֵאָכֵֽל׃ # verse = LEV.19.23 1-2 וְכִי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=LEV_19:23!1|MId=o030190230011|Strong=2050b 2 כִי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 3 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=LEV_19:23!1|MId=o030190230012|Strong=3588 3 תָבֹ֣אוּ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.will.go|Ref=LEV_19:23!2|MId=o030190230021|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:030190020041;|Type=yiqtol 4 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=into|Ref=LEV_19:23!3|MId=o030190230031|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 5-6 הָאָ֗רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=LEV_19:23!4|MId=o030190230041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 אָ֗רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 3 obl _ Gloss=land|Ref=LEV_19:23!4|MId=o030190230042|Strong=0776 7-8 וּנְטַעְתֶּם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=LEV_19:23!5|MId=o030190230051|Strong=2050b 8 נְטַעְתֶּם֙ נָטַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 3 conj _ Gloss=you.will.plant|Ref=LEV_19:23!5|MId=o030190230052|Strong=5193|Frame=A0:030190020041;A1:030190230071;|Type=weqatal 9 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 obj _ Gloss=every|Ref=LEV_19:23!6|MId=o030190230061|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 10 עֵ֣ץ עֵץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=tree|Ref=LEV_19:23!7|MId=o030190230071|Strong=6086 11 מַאֲכָ֔ל מַאֲכָל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.food|Ref=LEV_19:23!8|MId=o030190230081|Strong=3978 12-13 וַעֲרַלְתֶּ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=LEV_19:23!9|MId=o030190230091|Strong=2050b 13 עֲרַלְתֶּ֥ם עָרַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 3 conj _ Gloss=you.will.count.as.foreskin|Ref=LEV_19:23!9|MId=o030190230092|Strong=6188|Frame=A0:030190020041;A1:030190230101;|Type=weqatal 14-15 עָרְלָת֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 עָרְלָת עׇרְלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 13 obj _ Gloss=foreskin|Ref=LEV_19:23!10|MId=o030190230101|Strong=6190 15 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=LEV_19:23!10|MId=o030190230102|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 16 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=LEV_19:23!11|MId=o030190230111|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 17-18 פִּרְי֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 פִּרְי פְּרִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=fruit|Ref=LEV_19:23!12|MId=o030190230121|Strong=6529 18 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=LEV_19:23!12|MId=o030190230122|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 19 שָׁלֹ֣שׁ שָׁלֹשׁ NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 20 nummod _ Gloss=three|Ref=LEV_19:23!13|MId=o030190230131|Strong=7969|Type=cardinal_number 20 שָׁנִ֗ים שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 24 obl _ Gloss=years|Ref=LEV_19:23!14|MId=o030190230141|Strong=8141 21 יִהְיֶ֥ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 24 cop _ Gloss=it.will.be|Ref=LEV_19:23!15|MId=o030190230151|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:030190230121;|Type=yiqtol 22-23 לָכֶ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 ל לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=LEV_19:23!16|MId=o030190230161|Strong=3807a 23 ָכֶ֛ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 24 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=LEV_19:23!16|MId=o030190230162|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 24 עֲרֵלִ֖ים עָרֵל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 parataxis _ Gloss=uncircumcised|Ref=LEV_19:23!17|MId=o030190230171|Strong=6189|Type=adjective 25 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 26 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=LEV_19:23!18|MId=o030190230181|Strong=3808|Type=negative 26 יֵאָכֵֽל אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 parataxis _ Gloss=it.will.be.eaten|Ref=LEV_19:23!19|MId=o030190230191|Strong=0398|Frame=A1:030190230121;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=LEV_19:23!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: speech with no frame - negation: yes - indirect: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תָבֹאוּ *you will go* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | נְטַעְתֶּם *you will plant* | weqatal · qal | | עֵץ *tree* | | | | עֲרַלְתֶּם *you will count as foreskin* | weqatal · qal | | עָרְלָת *foreskin* | | | | יִהְיֶה *it will be* | yiqtol · qal | פִּרְי *fruit* | | | | | **not** יֵאָכֵֽל *it will be eaten* | yiqtol · niphal | | פִּרְי *fruit* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וַאֲרֵי תֵעֲלוּן לְאַרְעָא וְתִצְבוּן כָּל אִלָן דְמֵיכַל וּתְרַחֲקוּן רָחָקָא יַת אִבֵּהּ תְּלַת שְׁנִין יְהֵי לְכוֹן מְרָחָק לַאֲבָדָא לָא יִתְאֲכֵל The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And when ye shall come into the land, and shall have planted all manner of trees for food, then ye shall count the fruit thereof as forbidden; three years shall it be as forbidden unto you; it shall not be eaten.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.565/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:LEV:558`. - ← previous: [Leviticus 19:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.19.22/) - next →: [Leviticus 19:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.19.24/) - ↑ back to [Leviticus 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/19/)