--- title: Leviticus 19:3 — Ye shall fear every man his mother, and his father, and ye shall kee… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Ye shall fear every man his mother, and his father, and ye shall keep My sabbaths: I am the LORD your God. Who acts: Ye, I. Leviticus 19:3 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.19.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Leviticus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/19/) / 19:3 # Leviticus 19:3 וַיִּקְרָא **Who acts:** Ye, I · **What happens:** fear, keep, be · **To what, where:** mother, man, sabbaths, LORD This is Leviticus 19:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Ye, I — and what happens in the verse to mother, man, sabbaths, LORD, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 27 chapters of Leviticus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. אִ֣ישׁ אִמּ֤וֹ וְאָבִיו֙ תִּירָ֔אוּ וְאֶת־שַׁבְּתֹתַ֖י תִּשְׁמֹ֑רוּ אֲנִ֖י יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃ [Ye shall fear every man his mother, and his father, and ye shall keep My sabbaths: I am the LORD your God.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.544/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:LEV:538 # text = אִ֣ישׁ אִמּ֤וֹ וְאָבִיו֙ תִּירָ֔אוּ וְאֶת־שַׁבְּתֹתַ֖י תִּשְׁמֹ֑רוּ אֲנִ֖י יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃ # verse = LEV.19.3 1 אִ֣ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=anyone|Ref=LEV_19:3!1|MId=o030190030011|Strong=0376 2-3 אִמּ֤וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 אִמּ אֵם NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 obj _ Gloss=mother|Ref=LEV_19:3!2|MId=o030190030021|Strong=0517 3 ֤וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=LEV_19:3!2|MId=o030190030022|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 4-6 וְאָבִיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=LEV_19:3!3|MId=o030190030031|Strong=2050b 5 אָבִי אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=father|Ref=LEV_19:3!3|MId=o030190030032|Strong=0001 6 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=LEV_19:3!3|MId=o030190030033|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 7 תִּירָ֔אוּ יָרֵא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.will.fear|Ref=LEV_19:3!4|MId=o030190030041|Strong=3372|Frame=A0:030190020041;A1:030190030021;030190030032;|Type=yiqtol 8-9 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=LEV_19:3!5|MId=o030190030051|Strong=2050b 9 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=LEV_19:3!5|MId=o030190030052|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 10-11 שַׁבְּתֹתַ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 שַׁבְּתֹת שַׁבָּת NOUN _ Number=Plur 12 obj _ Gloss=sabbaths|Ref=LEV_19:3!6|MId=o030190030061|Strong=7676 11 ַ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=LEV_19:3!6|MId=o030190030062|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 12 תִּשְׁמֹ֑רוּ שָׁמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 7 conj _ Gloss=you.will.keep|Ref=LEV_19:3!7|MId=o030190030071|Strong=8104|Frame=A0:030190020041;A1:030190030061;|Type=yiqtol 13 אֲנִ֖י אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=LEV_19:3!8|MId=o030190030081|Strong=0589|Type=personal 14 יְהוָ֥ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 7 parataxis _ Gloss=[am].Yahweh|Ref=LEV_19:3!9|MId=o030190030091|Strong=3068 15-16 אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 אֱלֹהֵי אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=LEV_19:3!10|MId=o030190030101|Strong=0430 16 כֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=LEV_19:3!10|MId=o030190030102|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 17 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 16 punct _ Ref=LEV_19:3!10 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no - indirect: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תִּירָאוּ *you will fear* | yiqtol · qal | | אִמּ *mother* + אָבִי *father* | | | | תִּשְׁמֹרוּ *you will keep* | yiqtol · qal | | שַׁבְּתֹת *sabbaths* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} גְבַר מִן אִמֵהּ וּמִן אֲבוּהִי תְּהוֹן דָחֲלִין וְיָת יוֹמֵי שַׁבַּיָא דִילִי תִּטְרוּן אֲנָא יְיָ אֱלָהָכוֹן The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Ye shall fear every man his mother, and his father, and ye shall keep My sabbaths: I am the LORD your God.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.544/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:LEV:538`. - ← previous: [Leviticus 19:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.19.2/) - next →: [Leviticus 19:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.19.4/) - ↑ back to [Leviticus 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/19/)