--- title: Leviticus 19:34 — The stranger that sojourneth with you shall be unto you as the home-… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: The stranger that sojourneth with you shall be unto you as the home-born among you, and thou shalt love him as thyself; for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt: I am the LORD your God. Who acts: stranger, thou, ye, I. Leviticus 19:34 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 an --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.19.34/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Leviticus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/19/) / 19:34 # Leviticus 19:34 וַיִּקְרָא **Who acts:** stranger, thou, ye, I · **What happens:** sojourn, be, love · **To what, where:** stranger, strangers, land, LORD This is Leviticus 19:34 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — stranger, thou, ye, I — and what happens in the verse to stranger, strangers, land, LORD, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 27 chapters of Leviticus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כְּאֶזְרָ֣ח מִכֶּם֩ יִהְיֶ֨ה לָכֶ֜ם הַגֵּ֣ר ׀ הַגָּ֣ר אִתְּכֶ֗ם וְאָהַבְתָּ֥ לוֹ֙ כָּמ֔וֹךָ כִּֽי־גֵרִ֥ים הֱיִיתֶ֖ם בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם אֲנִ֖י יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃ [The stranger that sojourneth with you shall be unto you as the home-born among you, and thou shalt love him as thyself; for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt: I am the LORD your God.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.576/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:LEV:569 # text = כְּאֶזְרָ֣ח מִכֶּם֩ יִהְיֶ֨ה לָכֶ֜ם הַגֵּ֣ר ׀ הַגָּ֣ר אִתְּכֶ֗ם וְאָהַבְתָּ֥ לוֹ֙ כָּמ֔וֹךָ כִּֽי־גֵרִ֥ים הֱיִיתֶ֖ם בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם אֲנִ֖י יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃ # verse = LEV.19.34 1-2 כְּאֶזְרָ֣ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=like.[the]|Ref=LEV_19:34!1|MId=o030190340011|Strong=3509a 2 אֶזְרָ֣ח אֶזְרָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=native-born|Ref=LEV_19:34!1|MId=o030190340012|Strong=0249 3-4 מִכֶּם֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=LEV_19:34!2|MId=o030190340021|Strong=4480 4 כֶּם֩ מִן PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 2 nmod _ Gloss=you|Ref=LEV_19:34!2|MId=o030190340022|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 5 יִהְיֶ֨ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 cop _ Gloss=he.will.be|Ref=LEV_19:34!3|MId=o030190340031|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:030190340052;|Type=yiqtol 6-7 לָכֶ֜ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 ל לְ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=LEV_19:34!4|MId=o030190340041|Strong=3807a 7 ָכֶ֜ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 0 root _ Gloss=you|Ref=LEV_19:34!4|MId=o030190340042|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 8-9 הַגֵּ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=LEV_19:34!5|MId=o030190340051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 גֵּ֣ר גֵּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ Gloss=sojourner|Ref=LEV_19:34!5|MId=o030190340052|Strong=1616 10 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 9 punct _ Ref=LEV_19:34!5 11-12 הַגָּ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 12 mark _ Gloss=[who]|Ref=LEV_19:34!6|MId=o030190340061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 גָּ֣ר גּוּר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 9 acl:relcl _ Gloss=sojourns|Ref=LEV_19:34!6|MId=o030190340062|Strong=1481|Frame=A0:030190340052;|Type=participle_active 13-14 אִתְּכֶ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 אִתּ אֵת ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=LEV_19:34!7|MId=o030190340071|Strong=0854 14 ְכֶ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 12 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=LEV_19:34!7|MId=o030190340072|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 15-16 וְאָהַבְתָּ֥ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=LEV_19:34!8|MId=o030190340081|Strong=2050b 16 אָהַבְתָּ֥ אָהֵב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 7 conj _ Gloss=you.will.love|Ref=LEV_19:34!8|MId=o030190340082|Strong=0157|Frame=A0:030190020041;|Type=weqatal 17-18 לוֹ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 ל לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=LEV_19:34!9|MId=o030190340091|Strong=3807a 18 וֹ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=LEV_19:34!9|MId=o030190340092|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 19-20 כָּמ֔וֹךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 כָּמ֔וֹ כְּמוֹ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=LEV_19:34!10|MId=o030190340101|Strong=3644 20 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 16 obl _ Gloss=yourself|Ref=LEV_19:34!10|MId=o030190340102|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 21 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 22 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=LEV_19:34!11|MId=o030190340111|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 22 גֵרִ֥ים גֵּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 advcl _ Gloss=sojourners|Ref=LEV_19:34!12|MId=o030190340121|Strong=1616 23 הֱיִיתֶ֖ם הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 22 cop _ Gloss=you.were|Ref=LEV_19:34!13|MId=o030190340131|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:030190020041;|Type=qatal 24-25 בְּאֶ֣רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=LEV_19:34!14|MId=o030190340141|Strong=0871a 25 אֶ֣רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=the.land|Ref=LEV_19:34!14|MId=o030190340142|Strong=0776 26 מִצְרָ֑יִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Egypt|Ref=LEV_19:34!15|MId=o030190340151|Strong=4714 27 אֲנִ֖י אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=LEV_19:34!16|MId=o030190340161|Strong=0589|Type=personal 28 יְהוָ֥ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 7 parataxis _ Gloss=[am].Yahweh|Ref=LEV_19:34!17|MId=o030190340171|Strong=3068 29-30 אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 אֱלֹהֵי אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 28 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=LEV_19:34!18|MId=o030190340181|Strong=0430 30 כֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=LEV_19:34!18|MId=o030190340182|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 31 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=LEV_19:34!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִהְיֶה *he will be* | yiqtol · qal | גֵּר *sojourner* | | | | | גָּר *sojourns* | participle active · qal | גֵּר *sojourner* | | | | | אָהַבְתָּ *you will love* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | הֱיִיתֶם *you were* | qatal · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} כְּיַצִיבָא מִנְכוֹן יְהֵי לְכוֹן גִיוֹרָא דְיִתְגַיַר בֵּינֵיכוֹן וּתְרַחֵם לֵהּ כְּוָתָךְ אֲרֵי דַיָרִין הֲוֵיתוּן בְּאַרְעָא דְמִצְרָיִם אֲנָא יְיָ אֱלָהָכוֹן The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [The stranger that sojourneth with you shall be unto you as the home-born among you, and thou shalt love him as thyself; for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt: I am the LORD your God.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.576/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:LEV:569`. - ← previous: [Leviticus 19:33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.19.33/) - next →: [Leviticus 19:35](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.19.35/) - ↑ back to [Leviticus 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/19/)