--- title: Leviticus 25:4 — But in the seventh year shall be a sabbath of solemn rest for the la… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: But in the seventh year shall be a sabbath of solemn rest for the land, a sabbath unto the LORD; thou shalt neither sow thy field, nor prune thy vineyard. Who acts: thou. Leviticus 25:4 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.25.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Leviticus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/) / [chapter 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/25/) / 25:4 # Leviticus 25:4 וַיִּקְרָא **Who acts:** thou · **What happens:** be, sow, prune · **To what, where:** sabbath, field, vineyard This is Leviticus 25:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou — and what happens in the verse to sabbath, field, vineyard, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 27 chapters of Leviticus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּבַשָּׁנָ֣ה הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗ת שַׁבַּ֤ת שַׁבָּתוֹן֙ יִהְיֶ֣ה לָאָ֔רֶץ שַׁבָּ֖ת לַיהוָ֑ה שָֽׂדְךָ֙ לֹ֣א תִזְרָ֔ע וְכַרְמְךָ֖ לֹ֥א תִזְמֹֽר׃ [But in the seventh year shall be a sabbath of solemn rest for the land, a sabbath unto the LORD; thou shalt neither sow thy field, nor prune thy vineyard.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.737/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:LEV:727 # text = וּבַשָּׁנָ֣ה הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗ת שַׁבַּ֤ת שַׁבָּתוֹן֙ יִהְיֶ֣ה לָאָ֔רֶץ שַׁבָּ֖ת לַיהוָ֑ה שָֽׂדְךָ֙ לֹ֣א תִזְרָ֔ע וְכַרְמְךָ֖ לֹ֥א תִזְמֹֽר׃ # verse = LEV.25.4 1-4 וּבַשָּׁנָ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=LEV_25:4!1|MId=o030250040011|Strong=2050b 2 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=LEV_25:4!1|MId=o030250040012|Strong=0871a 3 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=LEV_25:4!1|MId=o030250040012ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 שָּׁנָ֣ה שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=year|Ref=LEV_25:4!1|MId=o030250040013|Strong=8141 5-6 הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=LEV_25:4!2|MId=o030250040021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 שְּׁבִיעִ֗ת שְׁבִיעִי NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 nummod _ Gloss=seventh|Ref=LEV_25:4!2|MId=o030250040022|Strong=7637|Type=ordinal_number 7 שַׁבַּ֤ת שַׁבָּת NOUN _ Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ Gloss=a.sabbath|Ref=LEV_25:4!3|MId=o030250040031|Strong=7676 8 שַׁבָּתוֹן֙ שַׁבָּתוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.sabbath.observance|Ref=LEV_25:4!4|MId=o030250040041|Strong=7677 9 יִהְיֶ֣ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 12 cop _ Gloss=it.will.belong|Ref=LEV_25:4!5|MId=o030250040051|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:030250040031;|Type=yiqtol 10-12 לָאָ֔רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=LEV_25:4!6|MId=o030250040061|Strong=3807a 11 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=LEV_25:4!6|MId=o030250040061ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 אָ֔רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=land|Ref=LEV_25:4!6|MId=o030250040062|Strong=0776 13 שַׁבָּ֖ת שַׁבָּת NOUN _ Number=Sing 12 parataxis _ Gloss=a.sabbath|Ref=LEV_25:4!7|MId=o030250040071|Strong=7676 14-15 לַיהוָ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=LEV_25:4!8|MId=o030250040081|Strong=3807a 15 יהוָ֑ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 13 nmod _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=LEV_25:4!8|MId=o030250040082|Strong=3068 16-17 שָֽׂדְךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 שָֽׂד שָׂדֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 obj _ Gloss=field|Ref=LEV_25:4!9|MId=o030250040091|Strong=7704 17 ְךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=LEV_25:4!9|MId=o030250040092|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 18 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 19 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=LEV_25:4!10|MId=o030250040101|Strong=3808|Type=negative 19 תִזְרָ֔ע זָרַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 12 parataxis _ Gloss=you.will.sow|Ref=LEV_25:4!11|MId=o030250040111|Strong=2232|Frame=A0:030250020031;A1:030250040091;|Type=yiqtol 20-22 וְכַרְמְךָ֖ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=LEV_25:4!12|MId=o030250040121|Strong=2050b 21 כַרְמ כֶּרֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 24 obj _ Gloss=vineyard|Ref=LEV_25:4!12|MId=o030250040122|Strong=3754 22 ְךָ֖ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=LEV_25:4!12|MId=o030250040123|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 23 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 24 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=LEV_25:4!13|MId=o030250040131|Strong=3808|Type=negative 24 תִזְמֹֽר זָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 12 conj _ Gloss=you.will.prune|Ref=LEV_25:4!14|MId=o030250040141|Strong=2168|Frame=A0:030250020031;A1:030250040122;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=LEV_25:4!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִהְיֶה *it will belong* | yiqtol · qal | שַׁבַּת *a sabbath* | | | | | **not** תִזְרָע *you will sow* | yiqtol · qal | | שָֽׂד *field* | | | | **not** תִזְמֹֽר *you will prune* | yiqtol · qal | | כַרְמ *vineyard* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּבְשַׁתָּא שְׁבִיעֲתָא נְיַח שְׁמִטְתָא יְהֵי לְאַרְעָא דְתַשְׁמֵט קֳדָם יְיָ חַקְלָךְ לָא תִזְרַע וְכַרְמָךְ לָא תִכְסָח The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [But in the seventh year shall be a sabbath of solemn rest for the land, a sabbath unto the LORD; thou shalt neither sow thy field, nor prune thy vineyard.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.737/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:LEV:727`. - ← previous: [Leviticus 25:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.25.3/) - next →: [Leviticus 25:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.25.5/) - ↑ back to [Leviticus 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/25/)