--- title: Numbers 11:31 — And there went forth a wind from the LORD, and brought across quails… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And there went forth a wind from the LORD, and brought across quails from the sea, and let them fall by the camp, about a day's journey on this side, and a day's journey on the other side, round about the camp, and about two cubits above the face of the earth. Who acts: wind, quails, day. Numbers 11 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.11.31/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Numbers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/) / [chapter 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/11/) / 11:31 # Numbers 11:31 בְּמִדְבַּר **Who acts:** wind, quails, day · **What happens:** go, bring, let, fall, journey · **To what, where:** quails, sea, side, other side This is Numbers 11:31 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — wind, quails, day — and what happens in the verse to quails, sea, side, other side, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of Numbers on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְר֜וּחַ נָסַ֣ע ׀ מֵאֵ֣ת יְהוָ֗ה וַיָּ֣גָז שַׂלְוִים֮ מִן־הַיָּם֒ וַיִּטֹּ֨שׁ עַל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֜ה כְּדֶ֧רֶךְ י֣וֹם כֹּ֗ה וּכְדֶ֤רֶךְ יוֹם֙ כֹּ֔ה סְבִיב֖וֹת הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה וּכְאַמָּתַ֖יִם עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הָאָֽרֶץ׃ [And there went forth a wind from the LORD, and brought across quails from the sea, and let them fall by the camp, about a day's journey on this side, and a day's journey on the other side, round about the camp, and about two cubits above the face of the earth.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.466/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NUM:450 # text = וְר֜וּחַ נָסַ֣ע ׀ מֵאֵ֣ת יְהוָ֗ה וַיָּ֣גָז שַׂלְוִים֮ מִן־הַיָּם֒ וַיִּטֹּ֨שׁ עַל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֜ה כְּדֶ֧רֶךְ י֣וֹם כֹּ֗ה וּכְדֶ֤רֶךְ יוֹם֙ כֹּ֔ה סְבִיב֖וֹת הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה וּכְאַמָּתַ֖יִם עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הָאָֽרֶץ׃ # verse = NUM.11.31 1-2 וְר֜וּחַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_11:31!1|MId=o040110310011|Strong=2050b 2 ר֜וּחַ רוּחַ NOUN _ Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ Gloss=a.wind|Ref=NUM_11:31!1|MId=o040110310012|Strong=7307 3 נָסַ֣ע נָסַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.set.out|Ref=NUM_11:31!2|MId=o040110310021|Strong=5265|Frame=A0:040110310012;|Type=qatal 4 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 3 punct _ Ref=NUM_11:31!2 5-6 מֵאֵ֣ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=NUM_11:31!3|MId=o040110310031|Strong=4480 6 אֵ֣ת אֵת ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=NUM_11:31!3|MId=o040110310032|Strong=0854 7 יְהוָ֗ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 3 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=NUM_11:31!4|MId=o040110310041|Strong=3068 8-9 וַיָּ֣גָז _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_11:31!5|MId=o040110310051|Strong=2050b 9 יָּ֣גָז גּוּז VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=it.brought|Ref=NUM_11:31!5|MId=o040110310052|Strong=1468|Frame=A0:040110310012;A1:040110310061;|Type=wayyiqtol 10 שַׂלְוִים֮ שְׂלָו NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 9 obj _ Gloss=quails|Ref=NUM_11:31!6|MId=o040110310061|Strong=7958 11 מִן־ מִן ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=NUM_11:31!7|MId=o040110310071|Strong=4480|SpaceAfter=No 12-13 הַיָּם֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NUM_11:31!8|MId=o040110310081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 יָּם֒ יָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=sea|Ref=NUM_11:31!8|MId=o040110310082|Strong=3220 14-15 וַיִּטֹּ֨שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_11:31!9|MId=o040110310091|Strong=2050b 15 יִּטֹּ֨שׁ נָטַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=it.left.[them]|Ref=NUM_11:31!9|MId=o040110310092|Strong=5203|Frame=A0:040110310012;|Type=wayyiqtol 16 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=NUM_11:31!10|MId=o040110310101|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 17-18 הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֜ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הַֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NUM_11:31!11|MId=o040110310111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 מַּחֲנֶ֜ה מַחֲנֶה NOUN _ Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=camp|Ref=NUM_11:31!11|MId=o040110310112|Strong=4264 19-20 כְּדֶ֧רֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=about|Ref=NUM_11:31!12|MId=o040110310121|Strong=3509a 20 דֶ֧רֶךְ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=a.journey|Ref=NUM_11:31!12|MId=o040110310122|Strong=1870 21 י֣וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.a.day|Ref=NUM_11:31!13|MId=o040110310131|Strong=3117 22 כֹּ֗ה כֹּה ADV _ _ 15 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=NUM_11:31!14|MId=o040110310141|Strong=3541 23-25 וּכְדֶ֤רֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_11:31!15|MId=o040110310151|Strong=2050b 24 כְ כְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=about|Ref=NUM_11:31!15|MId=o040110310152|Strong=3509a 25 דֶ֤רֶךְ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 15 conj _ Gloss=a.journey|Ref=NUM_11:31!15|MId=o040110310153|Strong=1870 26 יוֹם֙ יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.a.day|Ref=NUM_11:31!16|MId=o040110310161|Strong=3117 27 כֹּ֔ה כֹּה ADV _ _ 25 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=NUM_11:31!17|MId=o040110310171|Strong=3541 28 סְבִיב֖וֹת סָבִיב ADV _ Number=Plur 25 advmod _ Gloss=around|Ref=NUM_11:31!18|MId=o040110310181|Strong=5439 29-30 הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 הַֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 30 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NUM_11:31!19|MId=o040110310191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 30 מַּחֲנֶ֑ה מַחֲנֶה NOUN _ Number=Sing 28 nmod _ Gloss=camp|Ref=NUM_11:31!19|MId=o040110310192|Strong=4264 31-33 וּכְאַמָּתַ֖יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 33 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_11:31!20|MId=o040110310201|Strong=2050b 32 כְ כְּ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=about|Ref=NUM_11:31!20|MId=o040110310202|Strong=3509a 33 אַמָּתַ֖יִם אַמָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Dual 15 conj _ Gloss=two.cubits|Ref=NUM_11:31!20|MId=o040110310203|Strong=0520 34 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=above|Ref=NUM_11:31!21|MId=o040110310211|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 35 פְּנֵ֥י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 33 obl _ Gloss=the.surface|Ref=NUM_11:31!22|MId=o040110310221|Strong=6440 36-37 הָאָֽרֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 37 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=NUM_11:31!23|MId=o040110310231|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 37 אָֽרֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 35 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.ground|Ref=NUM_11:31!23|MId=o040110310232|Strong=0776 38 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=NUM_11:31!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נָסַע *it set out* | qatal · qal | רוּחַ *a wind* | | | | | יָּגָז *it brought* | wayyiqtol · qal | רוּחַ *a wind* | שַׂלְוִים *quails* | | | | יִּטֹּשׁ *it left \[them\]* | wayyiqtol · qal | רוּחַ *a wind* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְרוּחָא נְטַל מִן קֳדָם יְיָ וְאַפְרַח שְׂלָיו מִן יַמָא וּרְמָא עַל מַשְׁרִיתָא כְּמַהֲלַךְ יוֹמָא לְכָא וּכְמַהֲלַךְ יוֹמָא לְכָא סְחוֹר סְחוֹר לְמַשְׁרִיתָא וּכְרוּם תַּרְתֵּין אַמִין עַל אַפֵּי אַרְעָא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And there went forth a wind from the LORD, and brought across quails from the sea, and let them fall by the camp, about a day's journey on this side, and a day's journey on the other side, round about the camp, and about two cubits above the face of the earth.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.466/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NUM:450`. - ← previous: [Numbers 11:30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.11.30/) - next →: [Numbers 11:32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.11.32/) - ↑ back to [Numbers 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/11/)