--- title: Numbers 12:1 — And Miriam and Aaron spoke against Moses because of the Cushite woma… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Miriam and Aaron spoke against Moses because of the Cushite woman whom he had married; for he had married a Cushite woman. Who acts: Miriam, Moses. Numbers 12:1 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.12.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Numbers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/) / [chapter 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/12/) / 12:1 # Numbers 12:1 בְּמִדְבַּר **Who acts:** Miriam, Moses · **What happens:** speak, marry · **To what, where:** Cushite woman · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Numbers 12:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Miriam, Moses — and what happens in the verse to Cushite woman, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of Numbers on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַתְּדַבֵּ֨ר מִרְיָ֤ם וְאַהֲרֹן֙ בְּמֹשֶׁ֔ה עַל־אֹד֛וֹת הָאִשָּׁ֥ה הַכֻּשִׁ֖ית אֲשֶׁ֣ר לָקָ֑ח כִּֽי־אִשָּׁ֥ה כֻשִׁ֖ית לָקָֽח׃ [And Miriam and Aaron spoke against Moses because of the Cushite woman whom he had married; for he had married a Cushite woman.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.471/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NUM:455 # text = וַתְּדַבֵּ֨ר מִרְיָ֤ם וְאַהֲרֹן֙ בְּמֹשֶׁ֔ה עַל־אֹד֛וֹת הָאִשָּׁ֥ה הַכֻּשִׁ֖ית אֲשֶׁ֣ר לָקָ֑ח כִּֽי־אִשָּׁ֥ה כֻשִׁ֖ית לָקָֽח׃ # verse = NUM.12.1 1-2 וַתְּדַבֵּ֨ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_12:1!1|MId=o040120010011|Strong=2050b 2 תְּדַבֵּ֨ר דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=she.spoke|Ref=NUM_12:1!1|MId=o040120010012|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:040120010021;040120010032;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 מִרְיָ֤ם מִרְיָם PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Miriam|Ref=NUM_12:1!2|MId=o040120010021|Strong=4813 4-5 וְאַהֲרֹן֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_12:1!3|MId=o040120010031|Strong=2050b 5 אַהֲרֹן֙ אַהֲרֹן PROPN _ _ 3 conj _ Gloss=Aaron|Ref=NUM_12:1!3|MId=o040120010032|Strong=0175 6-7 בְּמֹשֶׁ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=against|Ref=NUM_12:1!4|MId=o040120010041|Strong=0871a 7 מֹשֶׁ֔ה מֹשֶׁה PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Moses|Ref=NUM_12:1!4|MId=o040120010042|Strong=4872 8 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=NUM_12:1!5|MId=o040120010051|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 9 אֹד֛וֹת אֹודֹות NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 2 obl _ Gloss=the.causes|Ref=NUM_12:1!6|MId=o040120010061|Strong=0182 10-11 הָאִשָּׁ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=NUM_12:1!7|MId=o040120010071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 אִשָּׁ֥ה אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.woman|Ref=NUM_12:1!7|MId=o040120010072|Strong=0802 12-13 הַכֻּשִׁ֖ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=NUM_12:1!8|MId=o040120010081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 כֻּשִׁ֖ית כֻּשִׁי NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 11 appos _ Gloss=Cushite|Ref=NUM_12:1!8|MId=o040120010082|Strong=3569|Type=gentilic 14 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 15 mark _ Gloss=whom|Ref=NUM_12:1!9|MId=o040120010091|Strong=0834|Type=relative 15 לָקָ֑ח לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 11 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.had.taken|Ref=NUM_12:1!10|MId=o040120010101|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:040120010042;A1:040120010072;|Type=qatal 16 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 19 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=NUM_12:1!11|MId=o040120010111|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 17 אִשָּׁ֥ה אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 19 obj _ Gloss=a.woman|Ref=NUM_12:1!12|MId=o040120010121|Strong=0802 18 כֻשִׁ֖ית כֻּשִׁי NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 appos _ Gloss=Cushite|Ref=NUM_12:1!13|MId=o040120010131|Strong=3569|Type=gentilic 19 לָקָֽח לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 advcl _ Gloss=he.had.taken|Ref=NUM_12:1!14|MId=o040120010141|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:040120010042;A1:040120010121;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 20 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=NUM_12:1!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תְּדַבֵּר *she spoke* | wayyiqtol · piel | מִרְיָם *Miriam* + אַהֲרֹן *Aaron* | | | | | לָקָח *he had taken* | qatal · qal | מֹשֶׁה *Moses* | אִשָּׁה *the woman* | | | | לָקָֽח *he had taken* | qatal · qal | מֹשֶׁה *Moses* | אִשָּׁה *a woman* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּמַלֵלַת מִרְיָם וְאַהֲרֹן בְּמשֶׁה עַל עֵסַק אִתְּתָא שַׁפִּרְתָּא דִי נְסִיב אֲרֵי אִתְּתָא שַׁפֻּרְתָּא דִנְסִיב רָחִיק The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Miriam and Aaron spoke against Moses because of the Cushite woman whom he had married; for he had married a Cushite woman.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.471/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NUM:455`. - ← previous: [Numbers 11:35](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.11.35/) - next →: [Numbers 12:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.12.2/) - ↑ back to [Numbers 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/12/)