--- title: Numbers 13:32 — And they spread an evil report of the land which they had spied out… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And they spread an evil report of the land which they had spied out unto the children of Israel, saying: 'The land, through which we have passed to spy it out, is a land that eateth up the inhabitants thereof; and all the people that we saw in it are men of great stature. Who acts: men, we, land, pe --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.13.32/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Numbers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/) / [chapter 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/13/) / 13:32 # Numbers 13:32 בְּמִדְבַּר **Who acts:** men, we, land, people · **What happens:** spread, spy out, say, pass, be, eat up · **To what, where:** evil report, land, inhabitants, people, men · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Numbers 13:32 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — men, we, land, people — and what happens in the verse to evil report, land, inhabitants, people, men, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of Numbers on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיּוֹצִ֜יאוּ דִּבַּ֤ת הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תָּר֣וּ אֹתָ֔הּ אֶל־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר הָאָ֡רֶץ אֲשֶׁר֩ עָבַ֨רְנוּ בָ֜הּ לָת֣וּר אֹתָ֗הּ אֶ֣רֶץ אֹכֶ֤לֶת יוֹשְׁבֶ֙יהָ֙ הִ֔וא וְכָל־הָעָ֛ם אֲשֶׁר־רָאִ֥ינוּ בְתוֹכָ֖הּ אַנְשֵׁ֥י מִדּֽוֹת׃ [And they spread an evil report of the land which they had spied out unto the children of Israel, saying: 'The land, through which we have passed to spy it out, is a land that eateth up the inhabitants thereof; and all the people that we saw in it are men of great stature.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.520/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NUM:502 # text = וַיּוֹצִ֜יאוּ דִּבַּ֤ת הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תָּר֣וּ אֹתָ֔הּ אֶל־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר הָאָ֡רֶץ אֲשֶׁר֩ עָבַ֨רְנוּ בָ֜הּ לָת֣וּר אֹתָ֗הּ אֶ֣רֶץ אֹכֶ֤לֶת יוֹשְׁבֶ֙יהָ֙ הִ֔וא וְכָל־הָעָ֛ם אֲשֶׁר־רָאִ֥ינוּ בְתוֹכָ֖הּ אַנְשֵׁ֥י מִדּֽוֹת׃ # verse = NUM.13.32 1-2 וַיּוֹצִ֜יאוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_13:32!1|MId=o040130320011|Strong=2050b 2 יּוֹצִ֜יאוּ יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.brought.out|Ref=NUM_13:32!1|MId=o040130320012|Strong=3318|Frame=AA:040130310013;A0:040130320021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 דִּבַּ֤ת דִּבָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=(the).bad.report|Ref=NUM_13:32!2|MId=o040130320021|Strong=1681 4-5 הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=NUM_13:32!3|MId=o040130320031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 אָ֙רֶץ֙ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.land|Ref=NUM_13:32!3|MId=o040130320032|Strong=0776 6 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 7 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=NUM_13:32!4|MId=o040130320041|Strong=0834|Type=relative 7 תָּר֣וּ תּוּר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 5 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.had.spied.out|Ref=NUM_13:32!5|MId=o040130320051|Strong=8446|Frame=A0:040130310013;A1:040130320062;|Type=qatal 8-9 אֹתָ֔הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=|Ref=NUM_13:32!6|MId=o040130320061|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 9 ָ֔הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 obj _ Gloss=it|Ref=NUM_13:32!6|MId=o040130320062|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 10 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NUM_13:32!7|MId=o040130320071|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 11 בְּנֵ֥י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obl _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=NUM_13:32!8|MId=o040130320081|Strong=1121 12 יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=NUM_13:32!9|MId=o040130320091|Strong=3478 13-14 לֵאמֹ֑ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 25 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=NUM_13:32!10|MId=o040130320101|Strong=3807a 14 אמֹ֑ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 13 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=NUM_13:32!10|MId=o040130320102|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:040130310013;|Type=infinitive_construct 15-16 הָאָ֡רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NUM_13:32!11|MId=o040130320111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 אָ֡רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 25 dislocated _ Gloss=land|Ref=NUM_13:32!11|MId=o040130320112|Strong=0776 17 אֲשֶׁר֩ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 18 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=NUM_13:32!12|MId=o040130320121|Strong=0834|Type=relative 18 עָבַ֨רְנוּ עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 16 acl:relcl _ Gloss=we.passed|Ref=NUM_13:32!13|MId=o040130320131|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:040130310013;|Type=qatal 19-20 בָ֜הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 ב בְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=NUM_13:32!14|MId=o040130320141|Strong=0871a 20 ָ֜הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=NUM_13:32!14|MId=o040130320142|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 21-22 לָת֣וּר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NUM_13:32!15|MId=o040130320151|Strong=3807a 22 ת֣וּר תּוּר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 18 advcl _ Gloss=spy.out|Ref=NUM_13:32!15|MId=o040130320152|Strong=8446|Frame=A0:040130310013;A1:040130320162;|Type=infinitive_construct 23-24 אֹתָ֗הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=|Ref=NUM_13:32!16|MId=o040130320161|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 24 ָ֗הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ Gloss=it|Ref=NUM_13:32!16|MId=o040130320162|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 25 אֶ֣רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 2 advcl _ Gloss=[is].a.land|Ref=NUM_13:32!17|MId=o040130320171|Strong=0776 26 אֹכֶ֤לֶת אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 25 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[which].devours|Ref=NUM_13:32!18|MId=o040130320181|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:040130320171;A1:040130320191;|Type=participle_active 27-28 יוֹשְׁבֶ֙יהָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 יוֹשְׁבֶ֙י יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 26 obj _ Gloss=inhabitants|Ref=NUM_13:32!19|MId=o040130320191|Strong=3427|Type=participle_active 28 הָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=NUM_13:32!19|MId=o040130320192|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 29 הִ֔וא הִיא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nsubj _ Gloss=it|Ref=NUM_13:32!20|MId=o040130320201|Strong=1931a|Type=personal 30-31 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 39 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_13:32!21|MId=o040130320211|Strong=2050b 31 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 39 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=NUM_13:32!21|MId=o040130320212|Strong=3605 32-33 הָעָ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 33 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NUM_13:32!22|MId=o040130320221|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 33 עָ֛ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 compound:smixut _ Gloss=people|Ref=NUM_13:32!22|MId=o040130320222|Strong=5971 34 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 35 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=NUM_13:32!23|MId=o040130320231|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 35 רָאִ֥ינוּ רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 31 acl:relcl _ Gloss=we.saw|Ref=NUM_13:32!24|MId=o040130320241|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:040130310013;A1:040130320222;|Type=qatal 36-38 בְתוֹכָ֖הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=NUM_13:32!25|MId=o040130320251|Strong=0871a 37 תוֹכ תָּוֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 35 obl _ Gloss=the.midst|Ref=NUM_13:32!25|MId=o040130320252|Strong=8432 38 ָ֖הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 37 nmod:poss _ Gloss=of.it|Ref=NUM_13:32!25|MId=o040130320253|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 39 אַנְשֵׁ֥י אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 25 conj _ Gloss=[were].men|Ref=NUM_13:32!26|MId=o040130320261|Strong=0376 40 מִדּֽוֹת מִדָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 39 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.stature(s)|Ref=NUM_13:32!27|MId=o040130320271|Strong=4060|SpaceAfter=No 41 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 40 punct _ Ref=NUM_13:32!27 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יּוֹצִיאוּ *they brought out* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | דִּבַּת *(the) bad report* | | | | | תָּרוּ *they had spied out* | qatal · qal | | ָהּ *it* | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | עָבַרְנוּ *we passed* | qatal · qal | | | | | | תוּר *spy out* | infinitive construct · qal | | ָהּ *it* | | | | אֹכֶלֶת *\[which\] devours* | participle active · qal | אֶרֶץ *\[is\] a land* | יוֹשְׁבֶי *inhabitants* | | | | רָאִינוּ *we saw* | qatal · qal | | עָם *people* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְאַפִּיקוּ שׁוּם בִּישׁ עַל אַרְעָא דִי אַלִילוּ יָתָהּ לְוַת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לְמֵימָר אַרְעָא דִי עֲבַרְנָא בָהּ לְאַלָלָא יָתָהּ אַרְעָא מְקַטְלָא יַתְבָהָא הִיא וְכָל עַמָא דִי חֲזֵינָא בְגַוָהּ אֱנָשִׁין דְמִשְׁחָן The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And they spread an evil report of the land which they had spied out unto the children of Israel, saying: 'The land, through which we have passed to spy it out, is a land that eateth up the inhabitants thereof; and all the people that we saw in it are men of great stature.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.520/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NUM:502`. - ← previous: [Numbers 13:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.13.31/) - next →: [Numbers 13:33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.13.33/) - ↑ back to [Numbers 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/13/)