--- title: Numbers 19:13 — Whosoever toucheth the dead, even the body of any man that is dead,… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Whosoever toucheth the dead, even the body of any man that is dead, and purifieth not himself — he hath defiled the tabernacle of the LORD — that soul shall be cut off from Israel; because the water of sprinkling was not dashed against him, he shall be unclean; his uncleanness is yet upon him. Who a --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.19.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Numbers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/19/) / 19:13 # Numbers 19:13 בְּמִדְבַּר **Who acts:** Whosoever, man, uncleanness · **What happens:** touch, be, not purify, defile, cut off, not dash · **To what, where:** dead, man, tabernacle, soul, Israel, water This is Numbers 19:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Whosoever, man, uncleanness — and what happens in the verse to dead, man, tabernacle, soul, Israel, water, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of Numbers on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כָּֽל־הַנֹּגֵ֡עַ בְּמֵ֣ת בְּנֶפֶשׁ֩ הָאָדָ֨ם אֲשֶׁר־יָמ֜וּת וְלֹ֣א יִתְחַטָּ֗א אֶת־מִשְׁכַּ֤ן יְהוָה֙ טִמֵּ֔א וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַהִ֖וא מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כִּי֩ מֵ֨י נִדָּ֜ה לֹא־זֹרַ֤ק עָלָיו֙ טָמֵ֣א יִהְיֶ֔ה ע֖וֹד טֻמְאָת֥וֹ בֽוֹ׃ [Whosoever toucheth the dead, even the body of any man that is dead, and purifieth not himself — he hath defiled the tabernacle of the LORD — that soul shall be cut off from Israel; because the water of sprinkling was not dashed against him, he shall be unclean; his uncleanness is yet upon him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.717/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NUM:697 # text = כָּֽל־הַנֹּגֵ֡עַ בְּמֵ֣ת בְּנֶפֶשׁ֩ הָאָדָ֨ם אֲשֶׁר־יָמ֜וּת וְלֹ֣א יִתְחַטָּ֗א אֶת־מִשְׁכַּ֤ן יְהוָה֙ טִמֵּ֔א וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַהִ֖וא מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כִּי֩ מֵ֨י נִדָּ֜ה לֹא־זֹרַ֤ק עָלָיו֙ טָמֵ֣א יִהְיֶ֔ה ע֖וֹד טֻמְאָת֥וֹ בֽוֹ׃ # verse = NUM.19.13 1 כָּֽל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ Gloss=every|Ref=NUM_19:13!1|MId=o040190130011|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 2-3 הַנֹּגֵ֡עַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 3 mark _ Gloss=(the).[one|Ref=NUM_19:13!2|MId=o040190130021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 3 נֹּגֵ֡עַ נָגַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 1 compound:smixut _ Gloss=who].touches|Ref=NUM_19:13!2|MId=o040190130022|Strong=5060|Type=participle_active 4-5 בְּמֵ֣ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=(in).a|Ref=NUM_19:13!3|MId=o040190130031|Strong=0871a 5 מֵ֣ת מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 3 advcl _ Gloss=dead.[body]|Ref=NUM_19:13!3|MId=o040190130032|Strong=4191|Type=participle_active 6-7 בְּנֶפֶשׁ֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=(in).the|Ref=NUM_19:13!4|MId=o040190130041|Strong=0871a 7 נֶפֶשׁ֩ נֶפֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 5 nmod _ Gloss=corpse|Ref=NUM_19:13!4|MId=o040190130042|Strong=5315 8-9 הָאָדָ֨ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=NUM_19:13!5|MId=o040190130051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 אָדָ֨ם אָדָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=person|Ref=NUM_19:13!5|MId=o040190130052|Strong=0120 10 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 11 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=NUM_19:13!6|MId=o040190130061|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 11 יָמ֜וּת מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.will.die|Ref=NUM_19:13!7|MId=o040190130071|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:040190130052;|Type=yiqtol 12-13 וְלֹ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_19:13!8|MId=o040190130081|Strong=2050b 13 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 14 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=NUM_19:13!8|MId=o040190130082|Strong=3808|Type=negative 14 יִתְחַטָּ֗א חָטָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=he.will.purify.himself|Ref=NUM_19:13!9|MId=o040190130091|Strong=2398|Frame=A0:040190130022;|Type=yiqtol 15 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NUM_19:13!10|MId=o040190130101|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 16 מִשְׁכַּ֤ן מִשְׁכָּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 obj _ Gloss=the.tabernacle|Ref=NUM_19:13!11|MId=o040190130111|Strong=4908 17 יְהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=NUM_19:13!12|MId=o040190130121|Strong=3068 18 טִמֵּ֔א טָמֵא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.has.made.unclean|Ref=NUM_19:13!13|MId=o040190130131|Strong=2930|Frame=A0:040190130022;A1:040190130111;|Type=qatal 19-20 וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_19:13!14|MId=o040190130141|Strong=2050b 20 נִכְרְתָ֛ה כָּרַת VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 18 conj _ Gloss=it.will.be.cut.off|Ref=NUM_19:13!14|MId=o040190130142|Strong=3772|Frame=A1:040190130152;|Type=weqatal 21-22 הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NUM_19:13!15|MId=o040190130151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 נֶּ֥פֶשׁ נֶפֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ Gloss=person|Ref=NUM_19:13!15|MId=o040190130152|Strong=5315 23-24 הַהִ֖וא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 24 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=NUM_19:13!16|MId=o040190130161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 24 הִ֖וא הִיא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 det _ Gloss=that|Ref=NUM_19:13!16|MId=o040190130162|Strong=1931a|Type=personal 25-26 מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֑ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=NUM_19:13!17|MId=o040190130171|Strong=4480 26 יִּשְׂרָאֵ֑ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 20 obl _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=NUM_19:13!17|MId=o040190130172|Strong=3478 27 כִּי֩ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 31 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=NUM_19:13!18|MId=o040190130181|Strong=3588 28 מֵ֨י מַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 31 nsubj _ Gloss=the.water|Ref=NUM_19:13!19|MId=o040190130191|Strong=4325 29 נִדָּ֜ה נִדָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 28 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.impurity|Ref=NUM_19:13!20|MId=o040190130201|Strong=5079 30 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 31 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=NUM_19:13!21|MId=o040190130211|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 31 זֹרַ֤ק זָרַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QALPASSIVE|Number=Sing|Person=3 18 advcl _ Gloss=it.was.sprinkled|Ref=NUM_19:13!22|MId=o040190130221|Strong=2236|Frame=A1:040190130191;|Type=qatal 32-33 עָלָיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 עָלָי עַל ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=NUM_19:13!23|MId=o040190130231|Strong=5921 33 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=NUM_19:13!23|MId=o040190130232|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 34 טָמֵ֣א טָמֵא ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 parataxis _ Gloss=unclean|Ref=NUM_19:13!24|MId=o040190130241|Strong=2931|Type=adjective 35 יִהְיֶ֔ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 34 cop _ Gloss=he.will.be|Ref=NUM_19:13!25|MId=o040190130251|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:040190130152;|Type=yiqtol 36 ע֖וֹד עוֹד ADV _ _ 40 advmod _ Gloss=still|Ref=NUM_19:13!26|MId=o040190130261|Strong=5750 37-38 טֻמְאָת֥וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 טֻמְאָת טֻמְאָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 40 nsubj _ Gloss=uncleanness|Ref=NUM_19:13!27|MId=o040190130271|Strong=2932 38 ֥וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 37 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=NUM_19:13!27|MId=o040190130272|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 39-40 בֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 ב בְּ ADP _ _ 40 case _ Gloss=[will|Ref=NUM_19:13!28|MId=o040190130281|Strong=0871a 40 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 parataxis _ Gloss=be].on.him|Ref=NUM_19:13!28|MId=o040190130282|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 41 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 40 punct _ Ref=NUM_19:13!28 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָמוּת *he will die* | yiqtol · qal | אָדָם *person* | | | | | **not** יִתְחַטָּא *he will purify himself* | yiqtol · hithpael | נֹּגֵעַ *who\] touches* | | | | | טִמֵּא *he has made unclean* | qatal · piel | נֹּגֵעַ *who\] touches* | מִשְׁכַּן *the tabernacle* | | | | נִכְרְתָה *it will be cut off* | weqatal · niphal | | נֶּפֶשׁ *person* | | | | **not** זֹרַק *it was sprinkled* | qatal · qalpassive | | מֵי *the water* | | | | יִהְיֶה *he will be* | yiqtol · qal | נֶּפֶשׁ *person* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} כָּלּ דְיִקְרַבּ בְּמִיתָא בְּנַפְשָׁא דֶאֱנָשָׁא דִי יְמוּת וְלָא יַדֵי עֲלוֹהִי יָת מַשְׁכְּנָא דַיְיָ סָאֵב וְיִשְׁתֵּצֵי אֱנָשָׁא הַהוּא מִיִשְׂרָאֵל אֲרֵי מֵי אַדָיוּתָא לָא אִזְדְרִיקוּ עֲלוֹהִי מְסָאָב יְהֵי עוֹד סְאוֹבְתֵּיהּ בֵּיהּ The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Whosoever toucheth the dead, even the body of any man that is dead, and purifieth not himself — he hath defiled the tabernacle of the LORD — that soul shall be cut off from Israel; because the water of sprinkling was not dashed against him, he shall be unclean; his uncleanness is yet upon him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.717/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NUM:697`. - ← previous: [Numbers 19:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.19.12/) - next →: [Numbers 19:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.19.14/) - ↑ back to [Numbers 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/19/)