--- title: Numbers 20:14 — And Moses sent messengers from Kadesh unto the king of Edom: 'Thus s… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Moses sent messengers from Kadesh unto the king of Edom: 'Thus saith thy brother Israel: Thou knowest all the travail that hath befallen us; Who acts: Moses, brother, Thou, travail. Numbers 20:14 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.20.14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Numbers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/20/) / 20:14 # Numbers 20:14 בְּמִדְבַּר **Who acts:** Moses, brother, Thou, travail · **What happens:** send, say, know, befall · **To what, where:** messengers, Kadesh, travail, us · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Numbers 20:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Moses, brother, Thou, travail — and what happens in the verse to messengers, Kadesh, travail, us, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of Numbers on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח מֹשֶׁ֧ה מַלְאָכִ֛ים מִקָּדֵ֖שׁ אֶל־מֶ֣לֶךְ אֱד֑וֹם כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אָחִ֣יךָ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אַתָּ֣ה יָדַ֔עְתָּ אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַתְּלָאָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר מְצָאָֽתְנוּ׃ [And Moses sent messengers from Kadesh unto the king of Edom: 'Thus saith thy brother Israel: Thou knowest all the travail that hath befallen us;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.740/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NUM:720 # text = וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח מֹשֶׁ֧ה מַלְאָכִ֛ים מִקָּדֵ֖שׁ אֶל־מֶ֣לֶךְ אֱד֑וֹם כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אָחִ֣יךָ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אַתָּ֣ה יָדַ֔עְתָּ אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַתְּלָאָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר מְצָאָֽתְנוּ׃ # verse = NUM.20.14 1-2 וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_20:14!1|MId=o040200140011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּשְׁלַ֨ח שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.sent|Ref=NUM_20:14!1|MId=o040200140012|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:040200140021;A1:040200140031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 מֹשֶׁ֧ה מֹשֶׁה PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Moses|Ref=NUM_20:14!2|MId=o040200140021|Strong=4872 4 מַלְאָכִ֛ים מַלְאָךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obj _ Gloss=messengers|Ref=NUM_20:14!3|MId=o040200140031|Strong=4397 5-6 מִקָּדֵ֖שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=NUM_20:14!4|MId=o040200140041|Strong=4480 6 קָּדֵ֖שׁ קָדֵשׁ PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Kadesh|Ref=NUM_20:14!4|MId=o040200140042|Strong=6946 7 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NUM_20:14!5|MId=o040200140051|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 8 מֶ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=NUM_20:14!6|MId=o040200140061|Strong=4428 9 אֱד֑וֹם אֱדוֹם PROPN _ _ 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Edom|Ref=NUM_20:14!7|MId=o040200140071|Strong=0123 10 כֹּ֤ה כֹּה ADV _ _ 11 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=NUM_20:14!8|MId=o040200140081|Strong=3541 11 אָמַר֙ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=NUM_20:14!9|MId=o040200140091|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:040200140101;|Type=qatal 12-13 אָחִ֣יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 אָחִ֣י אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ Gloss=brother|Ref=NUM_20:14!10|MId=o040200140101|Strong=0251 13 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=NUM_20:14!10|MId=o040200140102|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 14 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 12 appos _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=NUM_20:14!11|MId=o040200140111|Strong=3478 15 אַתָּ֣ה אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=NUM_20:14!12|MId=o040200140121|Strong=0859|Type=personal 16 יָדַ֔עְתָּ יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 11 ccomp _ Gloss=you.know|Ref=NUM_20:14!13|MId=o040200140131|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:040200140121;A1:040200140162;|Type=qatal 17 אֵ֥ת אֵת ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NUM_20:14!14|MId=o040200140141|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 18 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=NUM_20:14!15|MId=o040200140151|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 19-20 הַתְּלָאָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NUM_20:14!16|MId=o040200140161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 תְּלָאָ֖ה תְּלָאָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=hardship|Ref=NUM_20:14!16|MId=o040200140162|Strong=8513 21 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 22 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=NUM_20:14!17|MId=o040200140171|Strong=0834|Type=relative 22-23 מְצָאָֽתְנוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 מְצָאָֽת מָצָא VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 18 acl:relcl _ Gloss=it|Ref=NUM_20:14!18|MId=o040200140181|Strong=4672|Frame=A0:040200140162;A1:040200140182;|Type=qatal 23 ְנוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ Gloss=has.come.upon.us|Ref=NUM_20:14!18|MId=o040200140182|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 24 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=NUM_20:14!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּשְׁלַח *he sent* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֹשֶׁה *Moses* | מַלְאָכִים *messengers* | | | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | אָחִי *brother* | | | | | יָדַעְתָּ *you know* | qatal · qal | אַתָּה *you* | תְּלָאָה *hardship* | | | | מְצָאָֽת *it* | qatal · qal | תְּלָאָה *hardship* | ְנוּ *has come upon us* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּשְׁלַח משֶׁה אִזְגַדִין מֵרְקָם לְוַת מַלְכָּא דֶאֱדוֹם כִּדְנַן אֲמַר אָחוּךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל אַתְּ יְדַעְתְּ יָת כָּל עָקְתָא דִי אַשְׁכַּחְתָּנָא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Moses sent messengers from Kadesh unto the king of Edom: 'Thus saith thy brother Israel: Thou knowest all the travail that hath befallen us;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.740/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NUM:720`. - ← previous: [Numbers 20:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.20.13/) - next →: [Numbers 20:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.20.15/) - ↑ back to [Numbers 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/20/)