--- title: Numbers 20:15 — how our fathers went down into Egypt, and we dwelt in Egypt a long t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: how our fathers went down into Egypt, and we dwelt in Egypt a long time; and the Egyptians dealt ill with us, and our fathers; Who acts: fathers, we, Egyptians. Numbers 20:15 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.20.15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Numbers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/20/) / 20:15 # Numbers 20:15 בְּמִדְבַּר **Who acts:** fathers, we, Egyptians · **What happens:** go down, dwell, deal · **To what, where:** Egypt This is Numbers 20:15 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — fathers, we, Egyptians — and what happens in the verse to Egypt, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of Numbers on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֵּרְד֤וּ אֲבֹתֵ֙ינוּ֙ מִצְרַ֔יְמָה וַנֵּ֥שֶׁב בְּמִצְרַ֖יִם יָמִ֣ים רַבִּ֑ים וַיָּרֵ֥עוּ לָ֛נוּ מִצְרַ֖יִם וְלַאֲבֹתֵֽינוּ׃ [how our fathers went down into Egypt, and we dwelt in Egypt a long time; and the Egyptians dealt ill with us, and our fathers;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.741/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NUM:721 # text = וַיֵּרְד֤וּ אֲבֹתֵ֙ינוּ֙ מִצְרַ֔יְמָה וַנֵּ֥שֶׁב בְּמִצְרַ֖יִם יָמִ֣ים רַבִּ֑ים וַיָּרֵ֥עוּ לָ֛נוּ מִצְרַ֖יִם וְלַאֲבֹתֵֽינוּ׃ # verse = NUM.20.15 1-2 וַיֵּרְד֤וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_20:15!1|MId=o040200150011|Strong=2050b 2 יֵּרְד֤וּ יָרַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.went.down|Ref=NUM_20:15!1|MId=o040200150012|Strong=3381|Frame=A0:040200150021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 אֲבֹתֵ֙ינוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֲבֹתֵ֙י אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=ancestors|Ref=NUM_20:15!2|MId=o040200150021|Strong=0001 4 נוּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=NUM_20:15!2|MId=o040200150022|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 5-6 מִצְרַ֔יְמָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 מִצְרַ֔יְמ מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=to|Ref=NUM_20:15!3|MId=o040200150031|Strong=4714 6 ָה ה X _ _ 5 nmod _ Gloss=Egypt|Ref=NUM_20:15!3|MId=o040200150032|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 7-8 וַנֵּ֥שֶׁב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_20:15!4|MId=o040200150041|Strong=2050b 8 נֵּ֥שֶׁב יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=we.dwelt|Ref=NUM_20:15!4|MId=o040200150042|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:040200140101;|Type=wayyiqtol 9-10 בְּמִצְרַ֖יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=NUM_20:15!5|MId=o040200150051|Strong=0871a 10 מִצְרַ֖יִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 8 obl _ Gloss=Egypt|Ref=NUM_20:15!5|MId=o040200150052|Strong=4714 11 יָמִ֣ים יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 obl _ Gloss=days|Ref=NUM_20:15!6|MId=o040200150061|Strong=3117 12 רַבִּ֑ים רַב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 amod _ Gloss=many|Ref=NUM_20:15!7|MId=o040200150071|Strong=7227|Type=adjective 13-14 וַיָּרֵ֥עוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_20:15!8|MId=o040200150081|Strong=2050b 14 יָּרֵ֥עוּ רָעַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.did.harm|Ref=NUM_20:15!8|MId=o040200150082|Strong=7489|Frame=A0:040200150101;|Type=wayyiqtol 15-16 לָ֛נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 ל לְ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NUM_20:15!9|MId=o040200150091|Strong=3807a 16 ָ֛נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 14 obl _ Gloss=us|Ref=NUM_20:15!9|MId=o040200150092|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 17 מִצְרַ֖יִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 14 nsubj _ Gloss=Egypt|Ref=NUM_20:15!10|MId=o040200150101|Strong=4714 18-21 וְלַאֲבֹתֵֽינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_20:15!11|MId=o040200150111|Strong=2050b 19 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NUM_20:15!11|MId=o040200150112|Strong=3807a 20 אֲבֹתֵֽי אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 conj _ Gloss=ancestors|Ref=NUM_20:15!11|MId=o040200150113|Strong=0001 21 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=NUM_20:15!11|MId=o040200150114|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 22 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=NUM_20:15!11 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֵּרְדוּ *they went down* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֲבֹתֵי *ancestors* | | | | | נֵּשֶׁב *we dwelt* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יָּרֵעוּ *they did harm* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | מִצְרַיִם *Egypt* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּנְחָתוּ אֲבָהָתָנָא לְמִצְרַיִם וִיתֵיבְנָא בְמִצְרַיִם יוֹמִין סַגִיאִין וְאַבְאִישׁוּ לָנָא מִצְרָאֵי וְלַאֲבָהָתָנָא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [how our fathers went down into Egypt, and we dwelt in Egypt a long time; and the Egyptians dealt ill with us, and our fathers;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.741/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NUM:721`. - ← previous: [Numbers 20:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.20.14/) - next →: [Numbers 20:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.20.16/) - ↑ back to [Numbers 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/20/)