--- title: Numbers 22:5 — And he sent messengers unto Balaam the son of Beor, to Pethor, which… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And he sent messengers unto Balaam the son of Beor, to Pethor, which is by the River, to the land of the children of his people, to call him, saying: 'Behold, there is a people come out from Egypt; behold, they cover the face of the earth, and they abide over against me. Who acts: Balak, Pethor, peo --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.22.5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Numbers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/) / [chapter 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/22/) / 22:5 # Numbers 22:5 בְּמִדְבַּר **Who acts:** Balak, Pethor, people · **What happens:** send, be, call, say, come out, cover · **To what, where:** messengers, Pethor, Balak, Egypt, face · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Numbers 22:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Balak, Pethor, people — and what happens in the verse to messengers, Pethor, Balak, Egypt, face, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of Numbers on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח מַלְאָכִ֜ים אֶל־בִּלְעָ֣ם בֶּן־בְּע֗וֹר פְּ֠תוֹרָה אֲשֶׁ֧ר עַל־הַנָּהָ֛ר אֶ֥רֶץ בְּנֵי־עַמּ֖וֹ לִקְרֹא־ל֑וֹ לֵאמֹ֗ר הִ֠נֵּה עַ֣ם יָצָ֤א מִמִּצְרַ֙יִם֙ הִנֵּ֤ה כִסָּה֙ אֶת־עֵ֣ין הָאָ֔רֶץ וְה֥וּא יֹשֵׁ֖ב מִמֻּלִֽי׃ [And he sent messengers unto Balaam the son of Beor, to Pethor, which is by the River, to the land of the children of his people, to call him, saying: 'Behold, there is a people come out from Egypt; behold, they cover the face of the earth, and they abide over against me.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.796/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NUM:775 # text = וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח מַלְאָכִ֜ים אֶל־בִּלְעָ֣ם בֶּן־בְּע֗וֹר פְּ֠תוֹרָה אֲשֶׁ֧ר עַל־הַנָּהָ֛ר אֶ֥רֶץ בְּנֵי־עַמּ֖וֹ לִקְרֹא־ל֑וֹ לֵאמֹ֗ר הִ֠נֵּה עַ֣ם יָצָ֤א מִמִּצְרַ֙יִם֙ הִנֵּ֤ה כִסָּה֙ אֶת־עֵ֣ין הָאָ֔רֶץ וְה֥וּא יֹשֵׁ֖ב מִמֻּלִֽי׃ # verse = NUM.22.5 1-2 וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_22:5!1|MId=o040220050011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּשְׁלַ֨ח שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.sent|Ref=NUM_22:5!1|MId=o040220050012|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:040220040172;A1:040220050021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 מַלְאָכִ֜ים מַלְאָךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obj _ Gloss=messengers|Ref=NUM_22:5!2|MId=o040220050021|Strong=4397 4 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NUM_22:5!3|MId=o040220050031|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 5 בִּלְעָ֣ם בִּלְעָם PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Balaam|Ref=NUM_22:5!4|MId=o040220050041|Strong=1109 6 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=NUM_22:5!5|MId=o040220050051|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 7 בְּע֗וֹר בְּעוֹר PROPN _ _ 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Beor|Ref=NUM_22:5!6|MId=o040220050061|Strong=1160 8-9 פְּ֠תוֹרָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 פְּ֠תוֹר פְּתוֹר PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=to|Ref=NUM_22:5!7|MId=o040220050071|Strong=6604 9 ָה ה X _ _ 8 nmod _ Gloss=Pethor|Ref=NUM_22:5!7|MId=o040220050072|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 10 אֲשֶׁ֧ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 13 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=NUM_22:5!8|MId=o040220050081|Strong=0834|Type=relative 11 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=[was].at|Ref=NUM_22:5!9|MId=o040220050091|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 12-13 הַנָּהָ֛ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NUM_22:5!10|MId=o040220050101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 נָּהָ֛ר נָהָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 acl:relcl _ Gloss=river|Ref=NUM_22:5!10|MId=o040220050102|Strong=5104 14 אֶ֥רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 8 appos _ Gloss=the.land|Ref=NUM_22:5!11|MId=o040220050111|Strong=0776 15 בְּנֵי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.sons|Ref=NUM_22:5!12|MId=o040220050121|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 16-17 עַמּ֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.people|Ref=NUM_22:5!13|MId=o040220050131|Strong=5971 17 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=NUM_22:5!13|MId=o040220050132|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 18-19 לִקְרֹא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NUM_22:5!14|MId=o040220050141|Strong=3807a 19 קְרֹא־ קָרָא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 advcl _ Gloss=summon|Ref=NUM_22:5!14|MId=o040220050142|Strong=7121|Frame=A0:040220040172;|Type=infinitive_construct 20-21 ל֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 ל לְ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=NUM_22:5!15|MId=o040220050151|Strong=3807a 21 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=NUM_22:5!15|MId=o040220050152|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 22-23 לֵאמֹ֗ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 26 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=NUM_22:5!16|MId=o040220050161|Strong=3807a 23 אמֹ֗ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 22 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=NUM_22:5!16|MId=o040220050162|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:040220040172;|Type=infinitive_construct 24 הִ֠נֵּה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 26 discourse _ Gloss=here!|Ref=NUM_22:5!17|MId=o040220050171|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 25 עַ֣ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ Gloss=a.people|Ref=NUM_22:5!18|MId=o040220050181|Strong=5971 26 יָצָ֤א יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 advcl _ Gloss=it.has.come.out|Ref=NUM_22:5!19|MId=o040220050191|Strong=3318|Frame=A0:040220050181;|Type=qatal 27-28 מִמִּצְרַ֙יִם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=NUM_22:5!20|MId=o040220050201|Strong=4480 28 מִּצְרַ֙יִם֙ מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 26 obl _ Gloss=Egypt|Ref=NUM_22:5!20|MId=o040220050202|Strong=4714 29 הִנֵּ֤ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 30 discourse _ Gloss=here!|Ref=NUM_22:5!21|MId=o040220050211|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 30 כִסָּה֙ כָּסָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=it.has.covered|Ref=NUM_22:5!22|MId=o040220050221|Strong=3680|Frame=A0:040220050181;A1:040220050241;|Type=qatal 31 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NUM_22:5!23|MId=o040220050231|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 32 עֵ֣ין עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Sing 30 obj _ Gloss=the.eye|Ref=NUM_22:5!24|MId=o040220050241|Strong=5869 33-34 הָאָ֔רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 34 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=NUM_22:5!25|MId=o040220050251|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 34 אָ֔רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 32 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.land|Ref=NUM_22:5!25|MId=o040220050252|Strong=0776 35-36 וְה֥וּא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 37 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_22:5!26|MId=o040220050261|Strong=2050b 36 ה֥וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 37 nsubj _ Gloss=it|Ref=NUM_22:5!26|MId=o040220050262|Strong=1931|Type=personal 37 יֹשֵׁ֖ב יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=[is].dwelling|Ref=NUM_22:5!27|MId=o040220050271|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:040220050262;|Type=participle_active 38-40 מִמֻּלִֽי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 40 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=NUM_22:5!28|MId=o040220050281|Strong=4480 39 מֻּל מוּל ADP _ _ 40 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=NUM_22:5!28|MId=o040220050282|Strong=4136 40 ִֽי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 37 obl _ Gloss=front.of.me|Ref=NUM_22:5!28|MId=o040220050283|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 41 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 40 punct _ Ref=NUM_22:5!28 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּשְׁלַח *he sent* | wayyiqtol · qal | | מַלְאָכִים *messengers* | | | | קְרֹא־ *summon* | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | יָצָא *it has come out* | qatal · qal | עַם *a people* | | | | | כִסָּה *it has covered* | qatal · piel | עַם *a people* | עֵין *the eye* | | | | יֹשֵׁב *\[is\] dwelling* | participle active · qal | הוּא *it* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּשְׁלַח אִזְגַדִין לְוָת בִּלְעָם בַּר בְּעוֹר לִפְּתוֹר אֲרָם דְעַל פְּרָת אֲרַע בְּנֵי עַמֵיהּ לְמִקְרֵי לֵיהּ לְמֵימָר הָא עַמָא נְפַק מִמִצְרַיִם הָא חֲפָא יַת עֵין שִׁמְשָׁא דְאַרְעָא וְהוּא שָׁרֵי מִלְקִבְלִי The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he sent messengers unto Balaam the son of Beor, to Pethor, which is by the River, to the land of the children of his people, to call him, saying: 'Behold, there is a people come out from Egypt; behold, they cover the face of the earth, and they abide over against me.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.796/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NUM:775`. - ← previous: [Numbers 22:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.22.4/) - next →: [Numbers 22:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.22.6/) - ↑ back to [Numbers 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/22/)