--- title: Numbers 23:1 — And Balaam said unto Balak: 'Build me here seven altars, and prepare… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Balaam said unto Balak: 'Build me here seven altars, and prepare me here seven bullocks and seven rams.' Who acts: Balaam. Numbers 23:1 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.23.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Numbers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/) / [chapter 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/23/) / 23:1 # Numbers 23:1 בְּמִדְבַּר **Who acts:** Balaam · **What happens:** say, build, prepare · **To what, where:** seven altars, me, seven bullocks · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Numbers 23:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Balaam — and what happens in the verse to seven altars, me, seven bullocks, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of Numbers on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֤אמֶר בִּלְעָם֙ אֶל־בָּלָ֔ק בְּנֵה־לִ֥י בָזֶ֖ה שִׁבְעָ֣ה מִזְבְּחֹ֑ת וְהָכֵ֥ן לִי֙ בָּזֶ֔ה שִׁבְעָ֥ה פָרִ֖ים וְשִׁבְעָ֥ה אֵילִֽים׃ [And Balaam said unto Balak: 'Build me here seven altars, and prepare me here seven bullocks and seven rams.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.833/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NUM:812 # text = וַיֹּ֤אמֶר בִּלְעָם֙ אֶל־בָּלָ֔ק בְּנֵה־לִ֥י בָזֶ֖ה שִׁבְעָ֣ה מִזְבְּחֹ֑ת וְהָכֵ֥ן לִי֙ בָּזֶ֔ה שִׁבְעָ֥ה פָרִ֖ים וְשִׁבְעָ֥ה אֵילִֽים׃ # verse = NUM.23.1 1-2 וַיֹּ֤אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_23:1!1|MId=o040230010011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֤אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=NUM_23:1!1|MId=o040230010012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:040230010021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 בִּלְעָם֙ בִּלְעָם PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Balaam|Ref=NUM_23:1!2|MId=o040230010021|Strong=1109 4 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NUM_23:1!3|MId=o040230010031|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 5 בָּלָ֔ק בָּלָק PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Balak|Ref=NUM_23:1!4|MId=o040230010041|Strong=1111 6 בְּנֵה־ בָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=build|Ref=NUM_23:1!5|MId=o040230010051|Strong=1129|Frame=A0:040230010041;A1:040230010091;|Type=imperative|SpaceAfter=No 7-8 לִ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 ל לְ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=NUM_23:1!6|MId=o040230010061|Strong=3807a 8 ִ֥י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 6 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=NUM_23:1!6|MId=o040230010062|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 9-10 בָזֶ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 בָ בְּ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=NUM_23:1!7|MId=o040230010071|Strong=0871a 10 זֶ֖ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 6 obl _ Gloss=this.[place]|Ref=NUM_23:1!7|MId=o040230010072|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 11 שִׁבְעָ֣ה שֶׁבַע NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 nummod _ Gloss=seven|Ref=NUM_23:1!8|MId=o040230010081|Strong=7651|Type=cardinal_number 12 מִזְבְּחֹ֑ת מִזְבֵּחַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 obj _ Gloss=altars|Ref=NUM_23:1!9|MId=o040230010091|Strong=4196 13-14 וְהָכֵ֥ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_23:1!10|MId=o040230010101|Strong=2050b 14 הָכֵ֥ן כּוּן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 6 conj _ Gloss=prepare|Ref=NUM_23:1!10|MId=o040230010102|Strong=3559|Frame=AA:040230010041;A0:040230010141;040230010161;|Type=imperative 15-16 לִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 ל לְ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=NUM_23:1!11|MId=o040230010111|Strong=3807a 16 ִי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 14 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=NUM_23:1!11|MId=o040230010112|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 17-18 בָּזֶ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=NUM_23:1!12|MId=o040230010121|Strong=0871a 18 זֶ֔ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 14 obl _ Gloss=this.[place]|Ref=NUM_23:1!12|MId=o040230010122|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 19 שִׁבְעָ֥ה שֶׁבַע NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 nummod _ Gloss=seven|Ref=NUM_23:1!13|MId=o040230010131|Strong=7651|Type=cardinal_number 20 פָרִ֖ים פַּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 obj _ Gloss=young.bulls|Ref=NUM_23:1!14|MId=o040230010141|Strong=6499 21-22 וְשִׁבְעָ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_23:1!15|MId=o040230010151|Strong=2050b 22 שִׁבְעָ֥ה שֶׁבַע NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 nummod _ Gloss=seven|Ref=NUM_23:1!15|MId=o040230010152|Strong=7651|Type=cardinal_number 23 אֵילִֽים אַיִל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 20 conj _ Gloss=rams|Ref=NUM_23:1!16|MId=o040230010161|Strong=0352|SpaceAfter=No 24 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=NUM_23:1!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | בִּלְעָם *Balaam* | | | | | בְּנֵה־ *build* | imperative · qal | בָּלָק *Balak* | מִזְבְּחֹת *altars* | | | | הָכֵן *prepare* | imperative · hiphil | פָרִים *young bulls* + אֵילִֽים *rams* | | | בָּלָק *Balak* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר בִּלְעָם לְבָלָק בְּנֵה לִי הָכָא שַׁבְעָא מַדְבְּחִין וְאַתְקִין לִי הָכָא שַׁבְעָא תוֹרִין וְשַׁבְעָא דִכְרִין The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Balaam said unto Balak: 'Build me here seven altars, and prepare me here seven bullocks and seven rams.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.833/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NUM:812`. - ← previous: [Numbers 22:41](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.22.41/) - next →: [Numbers 23:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.23.2/) - ↑ back to [Numbers 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/23/)