--- title: Numbers 3:38 — And those that were to pitch before the tabernacle eastward, before… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And those that were to pitch before the tabernacle eastward, before the tent of meeting toward the sunrising, were Moses, and Aaron and his sons, keeping the charge of the sanctuary, even the charge for the children of Israel; and the common man that drew nigh was to be put to death. Who acts: those --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.3.38/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Numbers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/3/) / 3:38 # Numbers 3:38 בְּמִדְבַּר **Who acts:** those, common man · **What happens:** be, keep, draw, put, charge · **To what, where:** Moses, charge, common man, sanctuary This is Numbers 3:38 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — those, common man — and what happens in the verse to Moses, charge, common man, sanctuary, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of Numbers on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְהַחֹנִ֣ים לִפְנֵ֣י הַמִּשְׁכָּ֡ן קֵ֣דְמָה לִפְנֵי֩ אֹֽהֶל־מוֹעֵ֨ד ׀ מִזְרָ֜חָה מֹשֶׁ֣ה ׀ וְאַהֲרֹ֣ן וּבָנָ֗יו שֹֽׁמְרִים֙ מִשְׁמֶ֣רֶת הַמִּקְדָּ֔שׁ לְמִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְהַזָּ֥ר הַקָּרֵ֖ב יוּמָֽת׃ [And those that were to pitch before the tabernacle eastward, before the tent of meeting toward the sunrising, were Moses, and Aaron and his sons, keeping the charge of the sanctuary, even the charge for the children of Israel; and the common man that drew nigh was to be put to death.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.126/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NUM:125 # text = וְהַחֹנִ֣ים לִפְנֵ֣י הַמִּשְׁכָּ֡ן קֵ֣דְמָה לִפְנֵי֩ אֹֽהֶל־מוֹעֵ֨ד ׀ מִזְרָ֜חָה מֹשֶׁ֣ה ׀ וְאַהֲרֹ֣ן וּבָנָ֗יו שֹֽׁמְרִים֙ מִשְׁמֶ֣רֶת הַמִּקְדָּ֔שׁ לְמִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְהַזָּ֥ר הַקָּרֵ֖ב יוּמָֽת׃ # verse = NUM.3.38 1-3 וְהַחֹנִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_3:38!1|MId=o040030380011|Strong=2050b 2 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 3 mark _ Gloss=[those|Ref=NUM_3:38!1|MId=o040030380012|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 3 חֹנִ֣ים חָנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=who].encamped|Ref=NUM_3:38!1|MId=o040030380013|Strong=2583|Frame=A0:040030380091;040030380102;040030380112;|Type=participle_active 4-5 לִפְנֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=NUM_3:38!2|MId=o040030380021|Strong=3807a 5 פְנֵ֣י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 3 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=NUM_3:38!2|MId=o040030380022|Strong=6440 6-7 הַמִּשְׁכָּ֡ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NUM_3:38!3|MId=o040030380031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 מִּשְׁכָּ֡ן מִשְׁכָּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=tabernacle|Ref=NUM_3:38!3|MId=o040030380032|Strong=4908 8-9 קֵ֣דְמָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 קֵ֣דְמ קֵדֶם ADV _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 advmod _ Gloss=eastward|Ref=NUM_3:38!4|MId=o040030380041|Strong=6924a 9 ָה ה X _ _ 8 nmod _ Gloss=|Ref=NUM_3:38!4|MId=o040030380042|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 10-11 לִפְנֵי֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=NUM_3:38!5|MId=o040030380051|Strong=3807a 11 פְנֵי֩ פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 3 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=NUM_3:38!5|MId=o040030380052|Strong=6440 12 אֹֽהֶל־ אֹהֶל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.tent|Ref=NUM_3:38!6|MId=o040030380061|Strong=0168|SpaceAfter=No 13 מוֹעֵ֨ד מוֹעֵד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.meeting|Ref=NUM_3:38!7|MId=o040030380071|Strong=4150 14 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 13 punct _ Ref=NUM_3:38!7 15-16 מִזְרָ֜חָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 מִזְרָ֜ח מִזְרָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 obl _ Gloss=eastward|Ref=NUM_3:38!8|MId=o040030380081|Strong=4217 16 ָה ה X _ _ 15 nmod _ Gloss=|Ref=NUM_3:38!8|MId=o040030380082|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 17 מֹשֶׁ֣ה מֹשֶׁה PROPN _ _ 3 nsubj _ Gloss=[were].Moses|Ref=NUM_3:38!9|MId=o040030380091|Strong=4872 18 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 17 punct _ Ref=NUM_3:38!9 19-20 וְאַהֲרֹ֣ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_3:38!10|MId=o040030380101|Strong=2050b 20 אַהֲרֹ֣ן אַהֲרֹן PROPN _ _ 17 conj _ Gloss=Aaron|Ref=NUM_3:38!10|MId=o040030380102|Strong=0175 21-23 וּבָנָ֗יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_3:38!11|MId=o040030380111|Strong=2050b 22 בָנָ֗י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 conj _ Gloss=sons|Ref=NUM_3:38!11|MId=o040030380112|Strong=1121 23 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=NUM_3:38!11|MId=o040030380113|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 24 שֹֽׁמְרִים֙ שָׁמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 17 appos _ Gloss=[who.were].keeping|Ref=NUM_3:38!12|MId=o040030380121|Strong=8104|Frame=A0:040030380091;040030380102;040030380112;A1:040030380131;|Type=participle_active 25 מִשְׁמֶ֣רֶת מִשְׁמֶרֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 24 obj _ Gloss=the.duty|Ref=NUM_3:38!13|MId=o040030380131|Strong=4931 26-27 הַמִּקְדָּ֔שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=NUM_3:38!14|MId=o040030380141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 מִּקְדָּ֔שׁ מִקְדָּשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.sanctuary|Ref=NUM_3:38!14|MId=o040030380142|Strong=4720 28-29 לְמִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NUM_3:38!15|MId=o040030380151|Strong=3807a 29 מִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת מִשְׁמֶרֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 24 obl _ Gloss=the.duty|Ref=NUM_3:38!15|MId=o040030380152|Strong=4931 30 בְּנֵ֣י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 29 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.people|Ref=NUM_3:38!16|MId=o040030380161|Strong=1121 31 יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 30 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=NUM_3:38!17|MId=o040030380171|Strong=3478 32-34 וְהַזָּ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 37 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_3:38!18|MId=o040030380181|Strong=2050b 33 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 34 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NUM_3:38!18|MId=o040030380182|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 34 זָּ֥ר זָר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 37 nsubj _ Gloss=stranger|Ref=NUM_3:38!18|MId=o040030380183|Strong=2114b|Type=adjective 35-36 הַקָּרֵ֖ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 36 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=NUM_3:38!19|MId=o040030380191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 36 קָּרֵ֖ב קָרַב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 34 amod _ Gloss=approaching|Ref=NUM_3:38!19|MId=o040030380192|Strong=7131|Type=adjective 37 יוּמָֽת מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HOPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=he.will.be.put.to.death|Ref=NUM_3:38!20|MId=o040030380201|Strong=4191|Frame=A1:040030380183;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 38 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=NUM_3:38!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | חֹנִים *who\] encamped* | participle active · qal | מֹשֶׁה *\[were\] Moses* + אַהֲרֹן *Aaron* + בָנָי *sons* | | | | | שֹֽׁמְרִים *\[who were\] keeping* | participle active · qal | מֹשֶׁה *\[were\] Moses* + אַהֲרֹן *Aaron* + בָנָי *sons* | מִשְׁמֶרֶת *the duty* | | | | יוּמָֽת *he will be put to death* | yiqtol · hophal | | זָּר *stranger* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְדִי שְׁרַן קֳדָם מַשְׁכְּנָא קִדוּמָא קֳדָם מַשְׁכַּן זִמְנָא מַדִינְחָא משֶׁה וְאַהֲרֹן וּבְנוֹהִי נָטְרִין מַטְרַת מַקְדְשָׁא לְמַטְרַת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְחִילוֹנַי דְיִקְרַב יִתְקְטֵל The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And those that were to pitch before the tabernacle eastward, before the tent of meeting toward the sunrising, were Moses, and Aaron and his sons, keeping the charge of the sanctuary, even the charge for the children of Israel; and the common man that drew nigh was to be put to death.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.126/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NUM:125`. - ← previous: [Numbers 3:37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.3.37/) - next →: [Numbers 3:39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.3.39/) - ↑ back to [Numbers 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/3/)