--- title: Numbers 3:4 — And Nadab and Abihu died before the LORD, when they offered strange… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Nadab and Abihu died before the LORD, when they offered strange fire before the LORD, in the wilderness of Sinai, and they had no children; and Eleazar and Ithamar ministered in the priest's office in the presence of Aaron their father. Who acts: Nadab, Eleazar. Numbers 3:4 in Hebrew with its de --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.3.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Numbers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/3/) / 3:4 # Numbers 3:4 בְּמִדְבַּר **Who acts:** Nadab, Eleazar · **What happens:** die, offer, have, minister · **To what, where:** strange fire, wilderness, children, office This is Numbers 3:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Nadab, Eleazar — and what happens in the verse to strange fire, wilderness, children, office, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of Numbers on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּ֣מָת נָדָ֣ב וַאֲבִיה֣וּא לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֡ה בְּֽהַקְרִבָם֩ אֵ֨שׁ זָרָ֜ה לִפְנֵ֤י יְהוָה֙ בְּמִדְבַּ֣ר סִינַ֔י וּבָנִ֖ים לֹא־הָי֣וּ לָהֶ֑ם וַיְכַהֵ֤ן אֶלְעָזָר֙ וְאִ֣יתָמָ֔ר עַל־פְּנֵ֖י אַהֲרֹ֥ן אֲבִיהֶֽם׃פ [And Nadab and Abihu died before the LORD, when they offered strange fire before the LORD, in the wilderness of Sinai, and they had no children; and Eleazar and Ithamar ministered in the priest's office in the presence of Aaron their father.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.91/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NUM:91 # text = וַיָּ֣מָת נָדָ֣ב וַאֲבִיה֣וּא לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֡ה בְּֽהַקְרִבָם֩ אֵ֨שׁ זָרָ֜ה לִפְנֵ֤י יְהוָה֙ בְּמִדְבַּ֣ר סִינַ֔י וּבָנִ֖ים לֹא־הָי֣וּ לָהֶ֑ם וַיְכַהֵ֤ן אֶלְעָזָר֙ וְאִ֣יתָמָ֔ר עַל־פְּנֵ֖י אַהֲרֹ֥ן אֲבִיהֶֽם׃פ # verse = NUM.3.4 1-2 וַיָּ֣מָת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_3:4!1|MId=o040030040011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּ֣מָת מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.died|Ref=NUM_3:4!1|MId=o040030040012|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:040030040021;040030040032;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 נָדָ֣ב נָדָב PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Nadab|Ref=NUM_3:4!2|MId=o040030040021|Strong=5070 4-5 וַאֲבִיה֣וּא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_3:4!3|MId=o040030040031|Strong=2050b 5 אֲבִיה֣וּא אֲבִיהוּא PROPN _ _ 3 conj _ Gloss=Abihu|Ref=NUM_3:4!3|MId=o040030040032|Strong=0030 6-7 לִפְנֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=NUM_3:4!4|MId=o040030040041|Strong=3807a 7 פְנֵ֣י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 2 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=NUM_3:4!4|MId=o040030040042|Strong=6440 8 יְהוָ֡ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=NUM_3:4!5|MId=o040030040051|Strong=3068 9-11 בְּֽהַקְרִבָם֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 בְּֽ בְּ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=NUM_3:4!6|MId=o040030040061|Strong=0871a 10 הַקְרִב קָרַב VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 2 advcl _ Gloss=they|Ref=NUM_3:4!6|MId=o040030040062|Strong=7126|Frame=AA:040030040063;A0:040030040071;|Type=infinitive_construct 11 ָם֩ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ Gloss=brought.near|Ref=NUM_3:4!6|MId=o040030040063|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 12 אֵ֨שׁ אֵשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 10 obj _ Gloss=fire|Ref=NUM_3:4!7|MId=o040030040071|Strong=0784 13 זָרָ֜ה זָר ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 12 amod _ Gloss=strange|Ref=NUM_3:4!8|MId=o040030040081|Strong=2114b|Type=adjective 14-15 לִפְנֵ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=NUM_3:4!9|MId=o040030040091|Strong=3807a 15 פְנֵ֤י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 10 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=NUM_3:4!9|MId=o040030040092|Strong=6440 16 יְהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=NUM_3:4!10|MId=o040030040101|Strong=3068 17-18 בְּמִדְבַּ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=NUM_3:4!11|MId=o040030040111|Strong=0871a 18 מִדְבַּ֣ר מִדְבָּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=the.wilderness|Ref=NUM_3:4!11|MId=o040030040112|Strong=4057 19 סִינַ֔י סִינַי PROPN _ _ 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Sinai|Ref=NUM_3:4!12|MId=o040030040121|Strong=5514 20-21 וּבָנִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_3:4!13|MId=o040030040131|Strong=2050b 21 בָנִ֖ים בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 25 nsubj _ Gloss=sons|Ref=NUM_3:4!13|MId=o040030040132|Strong=1121 22 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 25 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=NUM_3:4!14|MId=o040030040141|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 23 הָי֣וּ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 25 cop _ Gloss=they.belonged|Ref=NUM_3:4!15|MId=o040030040151|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:040030040132;|Type=qatal 24-25 לָהֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 ל לְ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NUM_3:4!16|MId=o040030040161|Strong=3807a 25 ָהֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 conj _ Gloss=them|Ref=NUM_3:4!16|MId=o040030040162|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 26-27 וַיְכַהֵ֤ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_3:4!17|MId=o040030040171|Strong=2050b 27 יְכַהֵ֤ן כָּהַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.served.as.priest|Ref=NUM_3:4!17|MId=o040030040172|Strong=3547|Frame=A0:040030040181;040030040192;|Type=wayyiqtol 28 אֶלְעָזָר֙ אֶלְעָזָר PROPN _ _ 27 nsubj _ Gloss=Eleazar|Ref=NUM_3:4!18|MId=o040030040181|Strong=0499 29-30 וְאִ֣יתָמָ֔ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_3:4!19|MId=o040030040191|Strong=2050b 30 אִ֣יתָמָ֔ר אִיתָמָר PROPN _ _ 28 conj _ Gloss=Ithamar|Ref=NUM_3:4!19|MId=o040030040192|Strong=0385 31 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=NUM_3:4!20|MId=o040030040201|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 32 פְּנֵ֖י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 27 obl _ Gloss=the.face|Ref=NUM_3:4!21|MId=o040030040211|Strong=6440 33 אַהֲרֹ֥ן אַהֲרֹן PROPN _ _ 32 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Aaron|Ref=NUM_3:4!22|MId=o040030040221|Strong=0175 34-35 אֲבִיהֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 אֲבִי אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 33 appos _ Gloss=father|Ref=NUM_3:4!23|MId=o040030040231|Strong=0001 35 הֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=NUM_3:4!23|MId=o040030040232|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 36 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 35 punct _ Ref=NUM_3:4!23|SpaceAfter=No 37 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 35 punct _ Ref=NUM_3:4!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּמָת *he died* | wayyiqtol · qal | נָדָב *Nadab* + אֲבִיהוּא *Abihu* | | | | | הַקְרִב *they* | infinitive construct · hiphil | אֵשׁ *fire* | | | ָם *brought near* | | הָיוּ *they belonged* | qatal · qal | בָנִים *sons* | | | | | יְכַהֵן *he served as priest* | wayyiqtol · piel | אֶלְעָזָר *Eleazar* + אִיתָמָר *Ithamar* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וּמִית נָדָב וַאֲבִיהוּא קֳדָם יְיָ בְּקָרוֹבֵיהוֹן אֶשָׁתָא נוּכְרֵיתָא קֳדָם יְיָ בְּמַדְבְּרָא דְסִינַי וּבְנִין לָא הֲווֹ לְהוֹן וְשַׁמֵּשׁ אֶלְעָזָר וְאִיתָמָר עַל אַפֵּי אַהֲרֹן אֲבוּהוֹן The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Nadab and Abihu died before the LORD, when they offered strange fire before the LORD, in the wilderness of Sinai, and they had no children; and Eleazar and Ithamar ministered in the priest's office in the presence of Aaron their father.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.91/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NUM:91`. - ← previous: [Numbers 3:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.3.3/) - next →: [Numbers 3:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.3.5/) - ↑ back to [Numbers 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/3/)