--- title: Numbers 31:18 — But all the women children, that have not known man by lying with hi… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: But all the women children, that have not known man by lying with him, keep alive for yourselves. Who acts: women children, you. Numbers 31:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.31.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Numbers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/) / [chapter 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/31/) / 31:18 # Numbers 31:18 בְּמִדְבַּר **Who acts:** women children, you · **What happens:** not know, lie, keep · **To what, where:** man This is Numbers 31:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — women children, you — and what happens in the verse to man, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of Numbers on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְכֹל֙ הַטַּ֣ף בַּנָּשִׁ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־יָדְע֖וּ מִשְׁכַּ֣ב זָכָ֑ר הַחֲי֖וּ לָכֶֽם׃ [But all the women children, that have not known man by lying with him, keep alive for yourselves.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.1112/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NUM:1078 # text = וְכֹל֙ הַטַּ֣ף בַּנָּשִׁ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־יָדְע֖וּ מִשְׁכַּ֣ב זָכָ֑ר הַחֲי֖וּ לָכֶֽם׃ # verse = NUM.31.18 1-2 וְכֹל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_31:18!1|MId=o040310180011|Strong=2050b 2 כֹל֙ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=NUM_31:18!1|MId=o040310180012|Strong=3605 3-4 הַטַּ֣ף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the.little|Ref=NUM_31:18!2|MId=o040310180021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 טַּ֣ף טַף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=one[s]|Ref=NUM_31:18!2|MId=o040310180022|Strong=2945 5-7 בַּנָּשִׁ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=among|Ref=NUM_31:18!3|MId=o040310180031|Strong=0871a 6 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NUM_31:18!3|MId=o040310180031ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 נָּשִׁ֔ים אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 4 nmod _ Gloss=women|Ref=NUM_31:18!3|MId=o040310180032|Strong=0802 8 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 10 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=NUM_31:18!4|MId=o040310180041|Strong=0834|Type=relative 9 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 10 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=NUM_31:18!5|MId=o040310180051|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 10 יָדְע֖וּ יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 7 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.have.known|Ref=NUM_31:18!6|MId=o040310180061|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:040310180033;A1:040310180071;|Type=qatal 11 מִשְׁכַּ֣ב מִשְׁכָּב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obj _ Gloss=lying|Ref=NUM_31:18!7|MId=o040310180071|Strong=4904 12 זָכָ֑ר זָכָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.a.male|Ref=NUM_31:18!8|MId=o040310180081|Strong=2145|Type=adjective 13 הַחֲי֖וּ חָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=preserve.alive|Ref=NUM_31:18!9|MId=o040310180091|Strong=2421|Frame=AA:040310140041;A0:040310180022;|Type=imperative 14-15 לָכֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 ל לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=NUM_31:18!10|MId=o040310180101|Strong=3807a 15 ָכֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 13 obl _ Gloss=yourselves|Ref=NUM_31:18!10|MId=o040310180102|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 16 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 15 punct _ Ref=NUM_31:18!10 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** יָדְעוּ *they have known* | qatal · qal | | מִשְׁכַּב *lying* | | | | הַחֲיוּ *preserve alive* | imperative · hiphil | טַּף *one\[s\]* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְכָל טַפְלָא בִנְשַׁיָא דִי לָא יְדָעוּ מִשְׁכַּב דְכוּרָא קַיְימוּ לְכוֹן The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [But all the women children, that have not known man by lying with him, keep alive for yourselves.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.1112/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NUM:1078`. - ← previous: [Numbers 31:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.31.17/) - next →: [Numbers 31:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.31.19/) - ↑ back to [Numbers 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/31/)