--- title: Numbers 31:8 — And they slew the kings of Midian with the rest of their slain: Evi,… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And they slew the kings of Midian with the rest of their slain: Evi, and Rekem, and Zur, and Hur, and Reba, the five kings of Midian; Balaam also the son of Beor they slew with the sword. Who acts: thousands. Numbers 31:8 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and the pragmatic --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.31.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Numbers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/) / [chapter 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/31/) / 31:8 # Numbers 31:8 בְּמִדְבַּר **Who acts:** thousands · **What happens:** slay · **To what, where:** kings, Balaam This is Numbers 31:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thousands — and what happens in the verse to kings, Balaam, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of Numbers on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְאֶת־מַלְכֵ֨י מִדְיָ֜ן הָרְג֣וּ עַל־חַלְלֵיהֶ֗ם אֶת־אֱוִ֤י וְאֶת־רֶ֙קֶם֙ וְאֶת־צ֤וּר וְאֶת־חוּר֙ וְאֶת־רֶ֔בַע חֲמֵ֖שֶׁת מַלְכֵ֣י מִדְיָ֑ן וְאֵת֙ בִּלְעָ֣ם בֶּן־בְּע֔וֹר הָרְג֖וּ בֶּחָֽרֶב׃ [And they slew the kings of Midian with the rest of their slain: Evi, and Rekem, and Zur, and Hur, and Reba, the five kings of Midian; Balaam also the son of Beor they slew with the sword.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.1102/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NUM:1068 # text = וְאֶת־מַלְכֵ֨י מִדְיָ֜ן הָרְג֣וּ עַל־חַלְלֵיהֶ֗ם אֶת־אֱוִ֤י וְאֶת־רֶ֙קֶם֙ וְאֶת־צ֤וּר וְאֶת־חוּר֙ וְאֶת־רֶ֔בַע חֲמֵ֖שֶׁת מַלְכֵ֣י מִדְיָ֑ן וְאֵת֙ בִּלְעָ֣ם בֶּן־בְּע֔וֹר הָרְג֖וּ בֶּחָֽרֶב׃ # verse = NUM.31.8 1-2 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_31:8!1|MId=o040310080011|Strong=2050b 2 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NUM_31:8!1|MId=o040310080012|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 3 מַלְכֵ֨י מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 obj _ Gloss=the.kings|Ref=NUM_31:8!2|MId=o040310080021|Strong=4428 4 מִדְיָ֜ן מִדְיָן PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Midian|Ref=NUM_31:8!3|MId=o040310080031|Strong=4080 5 הָרְג֣וּ הָרַג VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.killed|Ref=NUM_31:8!4|MId=o040310080041|Strong=2026|Frame=A0:040310060041;040310060091;A1:040310080021;|Type=qatal 6 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=NUM_31:8!5|MId=o040310080051|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 7-8 חַלְלֵיהֶ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 חַלְלֵי חָלָל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 obl _ Gloss=their.slain|Ref=NUM_31:8!6|MId=o040310080061|Strong=2491|Type=adjective 8 הֶ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=[ones]|Ref=NUM_31:8!6|MId=o040310080062|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 9 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NUM_31:8!7|MId=o040310080071|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 10 אֱוִ֤י אֱוִי PROPN _ _ 5 parataxis _ Gloss=Evi|Ref=NUM_31:8!8|MId=o040310080081|Strong=0189 11-12 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_31:8!9|MId=o040310080091|Strong=2050b 12 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NUM_31:8!9|MId=o040310080092|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 13 רֶ֙קֶם֙ רֶקֶם PROPN _ _ 10 conj _ Gloss=Rekem|Ref=NUM_31:8!10|MId=o040310080101|Strong=7552 14-15 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_31:8!11|MId=o040310080111|Strong=2050b 15 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NUM_31:8!11|MId=o040310080112|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 16 צ֤וּר צוּר PROPN _ _ 10 conj _ Gloss=Zur|Ref=NUM_31:8!12|MId=o040310080121|Strong=6698 17-18 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_31:8!13|MId=o040310080131|Strong=2050b 18 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NUM_31:8!13|MId=o040310080132|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 19 חוּר֙ חוּר PROPN _ _ 10 conj _ Gloss=Hur|Ref=NUM_31:8!14|MId=o040310080141|Strong=2354 20-21 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_31:8!15|MId=o040310080151|Strong=2050b 21 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NUM_31:8!15|MId=o040310080152|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 22 רֶ֔בַע רֶבַע PROPN _ _ 10 conj _ Gloss=Reba|Ref=NUM_31:8!16|MId=o040310080161|Strong=7254 23 חֲמֵ֖שֶׁת חָמֵשׁ NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 nummod _ Gloss=the.five|Ref=NUM_31:8!17|MId=o040310080171|Strong=2568|Type=cardinal_number 24 מַלְכֵ֣י מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 appos _ Gloss=the.kings|Ref=NUM_31:8!18|MId=o040310080181|Strong=4428 25 מִדְיָ֑ן מִדְיָן PROPN _ _ 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Midian|Ref=NUM_31:8!19|MId=o040310080191|Strong=4080 26-27 וְאֵת֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_31:8!20|MId=o040310080201|Strong=2050b 27 אֵת֙ אֵת ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NUM_31:8!20|MId=o040310080202|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 28 בִּלְעָ֣ם בִּלְעָם PROPN _ _ 31 obj _ Gloss=Balaam|Ref=NUM_31:8!21|MId=o040310080211|Strong=1109 29 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=NUM_31:8!22|MId=o040310080221|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 30 בְּע֔וֹר בְּעוֹר PROPN _ _ 29 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Beor|Ref=NUM_31:8!23|MId=o040310080231|Strong=1160 31 הָרְג֖וּ הָרַג VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 5 conj _ Gloss=they.killed|Ref=NUM_31:8!24|MId=o040310080241|Strong=2026|Frame=A0:040310060041;040310060091;A1:040310080211;|Type=qatal 32-34 בֶּחָֽרֶב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 בֶּ בְּ ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=NUM_31:8!25|MId=o040310080251|Strong=0871a 33 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 34 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NUM_31:8!25|MId=o040310080251ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 34 חָֽרֶב חֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 31 obl _ Gloss=sword|Ref=NUM_31:8!25|MId=o040310080252|Strong=2719 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=NUM_31:8!25 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הָרְגוּ *they killed* | qatal · qal | | מַלְכֵי *the kings* | | | | הָרְגוּ *they killed* | qatal · qal | | בִּלְעָם *Balaam* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְיָת מַלְכֵי מִדְיָן קְטָלוּ עַל קְטִילֵיהוֹן יָת אֱוִי וְיָת רֶקֶם וְיָת צוּר וְיָת חוּר וְיָת רֶבַע חַמְשָׁא מַלְכֵי מִדְיָן וְיָת בִּלְעָם בַּר בְּעוֹר קְטָלוּ בְּחַרְבָּא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And they slew the kings of Midian with the rest of their slain: Evi, and Rekem, and Zur, and Hur, and Reba, the five kings of Midian; Balaam also the son of Beor they slew with the sword.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.1102/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NUM:1068`. - ← previous: [Numbers 31:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.31.7/) - next →: [Numbers 31:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.31.9/) - ↑ back to [Numbers 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/31/)