--- title: Numbers 35:21 — or in enmity smote him with his hand, that he died; he that smote hi… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: or in enmity smote him with his hand, that he died; he that smote him shall surely be put to death: he is a murderer; the avenger of blood shall put the murderer to death when he meeteth him. Who acts: murderer, avenger. Numbers 35:21 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 and --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.35.21/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Numbers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/) / [chapter 35](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/35/) / 35:21 # Numbers 35:21 בְּמִדְבַּר **Who acts:** murderer, avenger · **What happens:** smite, die, put, be, meet · **To what, where:** murderer, enmity, avenger This is Numbers 35:21 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — murderer, avenger — and what happens in the verse to murderer, enmity, avenger, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of Numbers on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. א֣וֹ בְאֵיבָ֞ה הִכָּ֤הוּ בְיָדוֹ֙ וַיָּמֹ֔ת מֽוֹת־יוּמַ֥ת הַמַּכֶּ֖ה רֹצֵ֣חַֽ ה֑וּא גֹּאֵ֣ל הַדָּ֗ם יָמִ֛ית אֶת־הָרֹצֵ֖חַ בְּפִגְעוֹ־בֽוֹ׃ [or in enmity smote him with his hand, that he died; he that smote him shall surely be put to death: he is a murderer; the avenger of blood shall put the murderer to death when he meeteth him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.1297/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NUM:1262 # text = א֣וֹ בְאֵיבָ֞ה הִכָּ֤הוּ בְיָדוֹ֙ וַיָּמֹ֔ת מֽוֹת־יוּמַ֥ת הַמַּכֶּ֖ה רֹצֵ֣חַֽ ה֑וּא גֹּאֵ֣ל הַדָּ֗ם יָמִ֛ית אֶת־הָרֹצֵ֖חַ בְּפִגְעוֹ־בֽוֹ׃ # verse = NUM.35.21 1 א֣וֹ אוֹ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=or|Ref=NUM_35:21!1|MId=o040350210011|Strong=0176 2-3 בְאֵיבָ֞ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=NUM_35:21!2|MId=o040350210021|Strong=0871a 3 אֵיבָ֞ה אֵיבָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=enmity|Ref=NUM_35:21!2|MId=o040350210022|Strong=0342 4-5 הִכָּ֤הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הִכָּ֤ה נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he|Ref=NUM_35:21!3|MId=o040350210031|Strong=5221|Frame=A0:;A1:040350210032;|Type=qatal 5 וּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 obj _ Gloss=struck.him.down|Ref=NUM_35:21!3|MId=o040350210032|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 6-8 בְיָדוֹ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=NUM_35:21!4|MId=o040350210041|Strong=0871a 7 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=hand|Ref=NUM_35:21!4|MId=o040350210042|Strong=3027 8 וֹ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=NUM_35:21!4|MId=o040350210043|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 9-10 וַיָּמֹ֔ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_35:21!5|MId=o040350210051|Strong=2050b 10 יָּמֹ֔ת מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he.died|Ref=NUM_35:21!5|MId=o040350210052|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:040350150151;|Type=wayyiqtol 11 מֽוֹת־ מוּת VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 12 obl:npmod _ Gloss=surely.(die)|Ref=NUM_35:21!6|MId=o040350210061|Strong=4191|Type=infinitive_absolute|SpaceAfter=No 12 יוּמַ֥ת מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HOPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 parataxis _ Gloss=he.will.be.put.to.death|Ref=NUM_35:21!7|MId=o040350210071|Strong=4191|Frame=A1:040350210082;|Type=yiqtol 13-14 הַמַּכֶּ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the.[one|Ref=NUM_35:21!8|MId=o040350210081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 מַּכֶּ֖ה נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ Gloss=who].struck.down|Ref=NUM_35:21!8|MId=o040350210082|Strong=5221|Frame=A1:040350150151;|Type=participle_active 15 רֹצֵ֣חַֽ רָצַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 4 parataxis _ Gloss=[is].a.killer|Ref=NUM_35:21!9|MId=o040350210091|Strong=7523|Type=participle_active 16 ה֑וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=NUM_35:21!10|MId=o040350210101|Strong=1931|Type=personal 17 גֹּאֵ֣ל גָּאַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ Gloss=the.avenger|Ref=NUM_35:21!11|MId=o040350210111|Strong=1350|Frame=A1:040350210122;|Type=participle_active 18-19 הַדָּ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=NUM_35:21!12|MId=o040350210121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 דָּ֗ם דָּם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=blood|Ref=NUM_35:21!12|MId=o040350210122|Strong=1818 20 יָמִ֛ית מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 parataxis _ Gloss=he.will.put.to.death|Ref=NUM_35:21!13|MId=o040350210131|Strong=4191|Frame=AA:040350210111;A0:040350210152;|Type=yiqtol 21 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NUM_35:21!14|MId=o040350210141|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 22-23 הָרֹצֵ֖חַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 הָ הַ SCONJ _ _ 23 mark _ Gloss=the|Ref=NUM_35:21!15|MId=o040350210151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 רֹצֵ֖חַ רָצַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 20 obj _ Gloss=killer|Ref=NUM_35:21!15|MId=o040350210152|Strong=7523|Type=participle_active 24-26 בְּפִגְעוֹ־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=NUM_35:21!16|MId=o040350210161|Strong=0871a 25 פִגְע פָּגַע VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 20 advcl _ Gloss=meets|Ref=NUM_35:21!16|MId=o040350210162|Strong=6293|Frame=A0:040350210163;|Type=infinitive_construct 26 וֹ־ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=NUM_35:21!16|MId=o040350210163|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 27-28 בֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 ב בְּ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=(in)|Ref=NUM_35:21!17|MId=o040350210171|Strong=0871a 28 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=NUM_35:21!17|MId=o040350210172|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 29 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=NUM_35:21!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הִכָּה *he* | qatal · hiphil | | וּ *struck him down* | | | | יָּמֹת *he died* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יוּמַת *he will be put to death* | yiqtol · hophal | | מַּכֶּה *who\] struck down* | | | | מַּכֶּה *who\] struck down* | participle active · hiphil | | | | | | גֹּאֵל *the avenger* | participle active · qal | | דָּם *blood* | | | | יָמִית *he will put to death* | yiqtol · hiphil | רֹצֵחַ *killer* | | | גֹּאֵל *the avenger* | | פִגְע *meets* | infinitive construct · qal | וֹ־ *he* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} אוֹ בִדְבָבוּ מְחָהִי בִידֵהּ וְקָטְלֵהּ אִתְקְטָלָא יִתְקְטֵל מַחְיָא קָטוֹלָא הוּא גָאֵל דְמָא יִקְטוֹל יָת קָטוֹלָא כַּד אִתְחַיֵב לֵיהּ מִן דִינָא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [or in enmity smote him with his hand, that he died; he that smote him shall surely be put to death: he is a murderer; the avenger of blood shall put the murderer to death when he meeteth him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.1297/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NUM:1262`. - ← previous: [Numbers 35:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.35.20/) - next →: [Numbers 35:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.35.22/) - ↑ back to [Numbers 35](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/35/)