--- title: Numbers 4:15 — And when Aaron and his sons have made an end of covering the holy fu… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And when Aaron and his sons have made an end of covering the holy furniture, and all the holy vessels, as the camp is to set forward — after that, the sons of Kohath shall come to bear them; but they shall not touch the holy things, lest they die. These things are the burden of the sons of Kohath in --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.4.15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Numbers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/4/) / 4:15 # Numbers 4:15 בְּמִדְבַּר **Who acts:** Aaron, end, camp, sons, vessels, things · **What happens:** make, cover, set forward, come, bear, not touch · **To what, where:** end, holy furniture, vessels, holy things, burden, tent This is Numbers 4:15 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Aaron, end, camp, sons, vessels, things — and what happens in the verse to end, holy furniture, vessels, holy things, burden, tent, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of Numbers on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְכִלָּ֣ה אַֽהֲרֹן־וּ֠בָנָיו לְכַסֹּ֨ת אֶת־הַקֹּ֜דֶשׁ וְאֶת־כָּל־כְּלֵ֣י הַקֹּדֶשׁ֮ בִּנְסֹ֣עַ הַֽמַּחֲנֶה֒ וְאַחֲרֵי־כֵ֗ן יָבֹ֤אוּ בְנֵי־קְהָת֙ לָשֵׂ֔את וְלֹֽא־יִגְּע֥וּ אֶל־הַקֹּ֖דֶשׁ וָמֵ֑תוּ אֵ֛לֶּה מַשָּׂ֥א בְנֵֽי־קְהָ֖ת בְּאֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵֽד׃ [And when Aaron and his sons have made an end of covering the holy furniture, and all the holy vessels, as the camp is to set forward — after that, the sons of Kohath shall come to bear them; but they shall not touch the holy things, lest they die.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.154/) [These things are the burden of the sons of Kohath in the tent of meeting.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.155/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NUM:153 # text = וְכִלָּ֣ה אַֽהֲרֹן־וּ֠בָנָיו לְכַסֹּ֨ת אֶת־הַקֹּ֜דֶשׁ וְאֶת־כָּל־כְּלֵ֣י הַקֹּדֶשׁ֮ בִּנְסֹ֣עַ הַֽמַּחֲנֶה֒ וְאַחֲרֵי־כֵ֗ן יָבֹ֤אוּ בְנֵי־קְהָת֙ לָשֵׂ֔את וְלֹֽא־יִגְּע֥וּ אֶל־הַקֹּ֖דֶשׁ וָמֵ֑תוּ אֵ֛לֶּה מַשָּׂ֥א בְנֵֽי־קְהָ֖ת בְּאֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵֽד׃ # verse = NUM.4.15 1-2 וְכִלָּ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_4:15!1|MId=o040040150011|Strong=2050b 2 כִלָּ֣ה כָּלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.will.finish|Ref=NUM_4:15!1|MId=o040040150012|Strong=3615|Frame=A0:040040150021;040040150032;|Type=weqatal 3 אַֽהֲרֹן־ אַהֲרֹן PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Aaron|Ref=NUM_4:15!2|MId=o040040150021|Strong=0175|SpaceAfter=No 4-6 וּ֠בָנָיו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וּ֠ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_4:15!3|MId=o040040150031|Strong=2050b 5 בָנָי בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 conj _ Gloss=sons|Ref=NUM_4:15!3|MId=o040040150032|Strong=1121 6 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=NUM_4:15!3|MId=o040040150033|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 7-8 לְכַסֹּ֨ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NUM_4:15!4|MId=o040040150041|Strong=3807a 8 כַסֹּ֨ת כָּסָה VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 2 xcomp _ Gloss=cover|Ref=NUM_4:15!4|MId=o040040150042|Strong=3680|Frame=A0:040040150021;040040150032;A1:040040150062;040040150091;|Type=infinitive_construct 9 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NUM_4:15!5|MId=o040040150051|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 10-11 הַקֹּ֜דֶשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=the.holy|Ref=NUM_4:15!6|MId=o040040150061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 קֹּ֜דֶשׁ קֹדֶשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 obj _ Gloss=place|Ref=NUM_4:15!6|MId=o040040150062|Strong=6944 12-13 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_4:15!7|MId=o040040150071|Strong=2050b 13 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NUM_4:15!7|MId=o040040150072|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 14 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=NUM_4:15!8|MId=o040040150081|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 15 כְּלֵ֣י כְּלִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.articles|Ref=NUM_4:15!9|MId=o040040150091|Strong=3627 16-17 הַקֹּדֶשׁ֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 17 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=NUM_4:15!10|MId=o040040150101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 17 קֹּדֶשׁ֮ קֹדֶשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.holy.place|Ref=NUM_4:15!10|MId=o040040150102|Strong=6944 18-19 בִּנְסֹ֣עַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=NUM_4:15!11|MId=o040040150111|Strong=0871a 19 נְסֹ֣עַ נָסַע VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 xcomp _ Gloss=sets.out|Ref=NUM_4:15!11|MId=o040040150112|Strong=5265|Frame=A0:040040150122;|Type=infinitive_construct 20-21 הַֽמַּחֲנֶה֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 הַֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NUM_4:15!12|MId=o040040150121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 מַּחֲנֶה֒ מַחֲנֶה NOUN _ Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ Gloss=camp|Ref=NUM_4:15!12|MId=o040040150122|Strong=4264 22-23 וְאַחֲרֵי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_4:15!13|MId=o040040150131|Strong=2050b 23 אַחֲרֵי־ אַחַר ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=after|Ref=NUM_4:15!13|MId=o040040150132|Strong=0310 24 כֵ֗ן כֵּן ADV _ _ 25 obl _ Gloss=thus|Ref=NUM_4:15!14|MId=o040040150141|Strong=3651 25 יָבֹ֤אוּ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.will.come|Ref=NUM_4:15!15|MId=o040040150151|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:040040150161;|Type=yiqtol 26 בְנֵי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 25 nsubj _ Gloss=the.descendants|Ref=NUM_4:15!16|MId=o040040150161|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 27 קְהָת֙ קְהָת PROPN _ _ 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Kohath|Ref=NUM_4:15!17|MId=o040040150171|Strong=6955 28-29 לָשֵׂ֔את _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NUM_4:15!18|MId=o040040150181|Strong=3807a 29 שֵׂ֔את נָשָׂא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 25 advcl _ Gloss=carry.[them]|Ref=NUM_4:15!18|MId=o040040150182|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:040040150161;A1:040040150062;040040150091;|Type=infinitive_construct 30-31 וְלֹֽא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_4:15!19|MId=o040040150191|Strong=2050b 31 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 32 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=NUM_4:15!19|MId=o040040150192|Strong=3808|Type=negative 32 יִגְּע֥וּ נָגַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.will.touch|Ref=NUM_4:15!20|MId=o040040150201|Strong=5060|Frame=A0:040040150161;|Type=yiqtol 33 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=NUM_4:15!21|MId=o040040150211|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 34-35 הַקֹּ֖דֶשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 35 det _ Gloss=the.holy|Ref=NUM_4:15!22|MId=o040040150221|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 35 קֹּ֖דֶשׁ קֹדֶשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 32 obl _ Gloss=thing|Ref=NUM_4:15!22|MId=o040040150222|Strong=6944 36-37 וָמֵ֑תוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 37 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_4:15!23|MId=o040040150231|Strong=2050b 37 מֵ֑תוּ מוּת VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.will.die|Ref=NUM_4:15!23|MId=o040040150232|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:040040150161;|Type=weqatal 38 אֵ֛לֶּה אֵלֶּה PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 39 nsubj _ Gloss=these.[things]|Ref=NUM_4:15!24|MId=o040040150241|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 39 מַשָּׂ֥א מַשָּׂא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ Gloss=[are].the.burden|Ref=NUM_4:15!25|MId=o040040150251|Strong=4853 40 בְנֵֽי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 39 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.descendants|Ref=NUM_4:15!26|MId=o040040150261|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 41 קְהָ֖ת קְהָת PROPN _ _ 40 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Kohath|Ref=NUM_4:15!27|MId=o040040150271|Strong=6955 42-43 בְּאֹ֥הֶל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 43 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=NUM_4:15!28|MId=o040040150281|Strong=0871a 43 אֹ֥הֶל אֹהֶל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 39 obl _ Gloss=the.tent|Ref=NUM_4:15!28|MId=o040040150282|Strong=0168 44 מוֹעֵֽד מוֹעֵד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 43 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.meeting|Ref=NUM_4:15!29|MId=o040040150291|Strong=4150|SpaceAfter=No 45 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 44 punct _ Ref=NUM_4:15!29 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | כִלָּה *he will finish* | weqatal · piel | אַֽהֲרֹן־ *Aaron* + בָנָי *sons* | | | | | כַסֹּת *cover* | infinitive construct · piel | אַֽהֲרֹן־ *Aaron* + בָנָי *sons* | קֹּדֶשׁ *place* + כְּלֵי *the articles* | | | | נְסֹעַ *sets out* | infinitive construct · qal | מַּחֲנֶה *camp* | | | | | יָבֹאוּ *they will come* | yiqtol · qal | בְנֵי־ *the descendants* | | | | | שֵׂאת *carry \[them\]* | infinitive construct · qal | בְנֵי־ *the descendants* | קֹּדֶשׁ *place* + כְּלֵי *the articles* | | | | **not** יִגְּעוּ *they will touch* | yiqtol · qal | בְנֵי־ *the descendants* | | | | | מֵתוּ *they will die* | weqatal · qal | בְנֵי־ *the descendants* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וִישֵׁיצֵי אַהֲרֹן וּבְנוֹהִי לְכַסָאָה יָת קוּדְשָׁא וְיָת כָּל מָנֵי קוּדְשָׁא בְּמֵטַל מַשְׁרִיתָא וּבָתַר כֵּן יַעֲלוּן בְּנֵי קְהָת לְמִטַּל וְלָא יִקְרְבוּן לְקוּדְשָׁא וְלָא יְמוּתוּן אִלֵין מַטוּל בְּנֵי קְהָת בְּמַשְׁכַּן זִמְנָא The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And when Aaron and his sons have made an end of covering the holy furniture, and all the holy vessels, as the camp is to set forward — after that, the sons of Kohath shall come to bear them; but they shall not touch the holy things, lest they die.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.154/) 2. [These things are the burden of the sons of Kohath in the tent of meeting.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.155/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NUM:153`. - ← previous: [Numbers 4:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.4.14/) - next →: [Numbers 4:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.4.16/) - ↑ back to [Numbers 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/4/)