--- title: Numbers 4:19 — but thus do unto them, that they may live, and not die, when they ap… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: but thus do unto them, that they may live, and not die, when they approach unto the most holy things: Aaron and his sons shall go in, and appoint them every one to his service and to his burden; Who acts: you, Levites, Aaron. Numbers 4:19 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Onkelos, JPS 1917 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.4.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Numbers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/4/) / 4:19 # Numbers 4:19 בְּמִדְבַּר **Who acts:** you, Levites, Aaron · **What happens:** do, live, not die, approach, go in, appoint · **To what, where:** Levites This is Numbers 4:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, Levites, Aaron — and what happens in the verse to Levites, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of Numbers on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְזֹ֣את ׀ עֲשׂ֣וּ לָהֶ֗ם וְחָיוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א יָמֻ֔תוּ בְּגִשְׁתָּ֖ם אֶת־קֹ֣דֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁ֑ים אַהֲרֹ֤ן וּבָנָיו֙ יָבֹ֔אוּ וְשָׂמ֣וּ אוֹתָ֗ם אִ֥ישׁ אִ֛ישׁ עַל־עֲבֹדָת֖וֹ וְאֶל־מַשָּׂאֽוֹ׃ [but thus do unto them, that they may live, and not die, when they approach unto the most holy things: Aaron and his sons shall go in, and appoint them every one to his service and to his burden;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.159/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NUM:157 # text = וְזֹ֣את ׀ עֲשׂ֣וּ לָהֶ֗ם וְחָיוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א יָמֻ֔תוּ בְּגִשְׁתָּ֖ם אֶת־קֹ֣דֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁ֑ים אַהֲרֹ֤ן וּבָנָיו֙ יָבֹ֔אוּ וְשָׂמ֣וּ אוֹתָ֗ם אִ֥ישׁ אִ֛ישׁ עַל־עֲבֹדָת֖וֹ וְאֶל־מַשָּׂאֽוֹ׃ # verse = NUM.4.19 1-2 וְזֹ֣את _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_4:19!1|MId=o040040190011|Strong=2050b 2 זֹ֣את זֹאת PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 4 obj _ Gloss=this|Ref=NUM_4:19!1|MId=o040040190012|Strong=2063|Type=demonstrative 3 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ Ref=NUM_4:19!1 4 עֲשׂ֣וּ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=do|Ref=NUM_4:19!2|MId=o040040190021|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:040040170041;040040170061;A1:040040190012;|Type=imperative 5-6 לָהֶ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 ל לְ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=NUM_4:19!3|MId=o040040190031|Strong=3807a 6 ָהֶ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=NUM_4:19!3|MId=o040040190032|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 7-8 וְחָיוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_4:19!4|MId=o040040190041|Strong=2050b 8 חָיוּ֙ חָיָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=they.will.live|Ref=NUM_4:19!4|MId=o040040190042|Strong=2421|Frame=A0:040040180051;|Type=weqatal 9-10 וְלֹ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_4:19!5|MId=o040040190051|Strong=2050b 10 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 11 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=NUM_4:19!5|MId=o040040190052|Strong=3808|Type=negative 11 יָמֻ֔תוּ מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 8 conj _ Gloss=they.will.die|Ref=NUM_4:19!6|MId=o040040190061|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:040040180051;|Type=yiqtol 12-14 בְּגִשְׁתָּ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=NUM_4:19!7|MId=o040040190071|Strong=0871a 13 גִשְׁתּ נָגַשׁ VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 11 advcl _ Gloss=they|Ref=NUM_4:19!7|MId=o040040190072|Strong=5066|Frame=A0:040040190073;A1:040040190091;|Type=infinitive_construct 14 ָ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj _ Gloss=draw.near|Ref=NUM_4:19!7|MId=o040040190073|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 15 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NUM_4:19!8|MId=o040040190081|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 16 קֹ֣דֶשׁ קֹדֶשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 obj _ Gloss=the.holy.thing|Ref=NUM_4:19!9|MId=o040040190091|Strong=6944 17-18 הַקֳּדָשִׁ֑ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=NUM_4:19!10|MId=o040040190101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 קֳּדָשִׁ֑ים קֹדֶשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.holy.things|Ref=NUM_4:19!10|MId=o040040190102|Strong=6944 19 אַהֲרֹ֤ן אַהֲרֹן PROPN _ _ 23 nsubj _ Gloss=Aaron|Ref=NUM_4:19!11|MId=o040040190111|Strong=0175 20-22 וּבָנָיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_4:19!12|MId=o040040190121|Strong=2050b 21 בָנָי בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 conj _ Gloss=sons|Ref=NUM_4:19!12|MId=o040040190122|Strong=1121 22 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=NUM_4:19!12|MId=o040040190123|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 23 יָבֹ֔אוּ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 parataxis _ Gloss=they.will.go|Ref=NUM_4:19!13|MId=o040040190131|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:040040190111;040040190122;|Type=yiqtol 24-25 וְשָׂמ֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_4:19!14|MId=o040040190141|Strong=2050b 25 שָׂמ֣וּ שׂים VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=they.will.appoint|Ref=NUM_4:19!14|MId=o040040190142|Strong=7760|Frame=A0:040040190111;040040190122;A1:040040190152;|Type=weqatal 26-27 אוֹתָ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=|Ref=NUM_4:19!15|MId=o040040190151|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 27 ָ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=NUM_4:19!15|MId=o040040190152|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 28 אִ֥ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 obl _ Gloss=a.man|Ref=NUM_4:19!16|MId=o040040190161|Strong=0376 29 אִ֛ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 conj _ Gloss=a.man|Ref=NUM_4:19!17|MId=o040040190171|Strong=0376 30 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=NUM_4:19!18|MId=o040040190181|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 31-32 עֲבֹדָת֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 עֲבֹדָת עֲבֹדָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 25 obl _ Gloss=service|Ref=NUM_4:19!19|MId=o040040190191|Strong=5656 32 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=NUM_4:19!19|MId=o040040190192|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 33-34 וְאֶל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 35 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NUM_4:19!20|MId=o040040190201|Strong=2050b 34 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NUM_4:19!20|MId=o040040190202|Strong=0413 35-36 מַשָּׂאֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 מַשָּׂא מַשָּׂא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 conj _ Gloss=burden|Ref=NUM_4:19!21|MId=o040040190211|Strong=4853 36 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=NUM_4:19!21|MId=o040040190212|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=NUM_4:19!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עֲשׂוּ *do* | imperative · qal | | זֹאת *this* | | | | חָיוּ *they will live* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | **not** יָמֻתוּ *they will die* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | גִשְׁתּ *they* | infinitive construct · qal | ָם *draw near* | קֹדֶשׁ *the holy thing* | | | | יָבֹאוּ *they will go* | yiqtol · qal | אַהֲרֹן *Aaron* + בָנָי *sons* | | | | | שָׂמוּ *they will appoint* | weqatal · qal | אַהֲרֹן *Aaron* + בָנָי *sons* | ָם *them* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Onkelos {#onkelos} וְדָא עִבִידוּ לְהוֹן וְיֵחוּן וְלָא יְמוּתוּן בְּמִקְרַבְהוֹן לְקֹדֶשׁ קוּדְשַּׁיָא אַהֲרֹן וּבְנוֹהִי יַעֲלוּן וִימַנוּן יָתְהוֹן גְבַר גְבַר עַל פֻּלְחָנֵהּ וּלְמַטוּלֵהּ The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [but thus do unto them, that they may live, and not die, when they approach unto the most holy things: Aaron and his sons shall go in, and appoint them every one to his service and to his burden;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.159/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NUM:157`. - ← previous: [Numbers 4:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.4.18/) - next →: [Numbers 4:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.4.20/) - ↑ back to [Numbers 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/4/)