---
title: Deuteronomy 4:9 (JPS 1917) — Only take heed to thyself, and keep thy soul diligently, lest thou f… · tree and pragmatics
description: Only take heed to thyself, and keep thy soul diligently, lest thou forget the things which thine eyes saw, and lest they depart from thy heart all the days of thy life; but make them known unto thy children and thy children's children; Who acts: you, thou, eyes. Deuteronomy 4:9 in JPS 1917 with its 
---

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# Deuteronomy 4:9 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only take heed to thyself, and keep thy soul diligently, lest thou forget the things which thine eyes saw, and lest they depart from thy heart all the days of thy life; but make them known unto thy children and thy children's children;

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**Who acts:** you, thou, eyes · **What happens:** take, keep, forget, see, depart, make · **To what, where:** heed, thyself, soul, things, heart, eyes

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This is Deuteronomy 4:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, thou, eyes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:DEU:121
# text = Only take heed to thyself, and keep thy soul diligently, lest thou forget the things which thine eyes saw, and lest they depart from thy heart all the days of thy life; but make them known unto thy children and thy children's children;
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	heed	heed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	thyself	thyself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes|Style=Arch	2	obl	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	soul	soul	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	diligently	diligently	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	lest	lest	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
14	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	15	nsubj	_	_
15	forget	forget	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
18	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	obj	_	_
19	thine	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj	_	_
21	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	acl:relcl	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
24	lest	lest	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
25	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	depart	depart	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
27	from	from	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
30	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	32	det:predet	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obl:unmarked	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	35	nmod:poss	_	_
35	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	_
36	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	38	punct	_	_
37	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
38	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
39	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	38	obj	_	_
40	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	38	xcomp	_	_
41	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
42	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	43	nmod:poss	_	_
43	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	obl	_	_
44	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	48	cc	_	_
45	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	46	nmod:poss	_	_
46	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	48	nmod:poss	_	_
47	's	's	PART	POS	_	46	case	_	_
48	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	43	conj	_	_
49	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: request
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | imperative | you *not said here* | heed |  | thyself |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent heed=Theme to thyself=Destination |
| 2 | **keep** | infinitive | you *not said here* | thy soul |  |  |  | diligently *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent soul=Theme |
| 3 | **forget** | present | thou | the things |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **see** | past | thine eyes | the things |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer which=Stimulus |
| 5 | **depart** | present | eyes *= eye* |  |  | thy heart | day |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from heart=Initial\_Location |
| 6 | **make** | infinitive | you *not said here* | eyes *= eye* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **know** | participle | eyes *= eye* *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto thy children and thy children's children | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
רַ֡ק הִשָּׁ֣מֶר לְךָ֩ וּשְׁמֹ֨ר נַפְשְׁךָ֜ מְאֹ֗ד פֶּן־תִּשְׁכַּ֨ח אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֜ים אֲשֶׁר־רָא֣וּ עֵינֶ֗יךָ וּפֶן־יָס֙וּרוּ֙ מִלְּבָ֣בְךָ֔ כֹּ֖ל יְמֵ֣י חַיֶּ֑יךָ וְהוֹדַעְתָּ֥ם לְבָנֶ֖יךָ וְלִבְנֵ֥י בָנֶֽיךָ׃

[Deuteronomy 4:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.4.9/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DEU:121` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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