---
title: Deuteronomy 4:17 (JPS 1917) — the likeness of any beast that is on the earth, the likeness of any… · tree and pragmatics
description: the likeness of any beast that is on the earth, the likeness of any winged fowl that flieth in the heaven, Who acts: beast, winged fowl. Deuteronomy 4:17 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Deuteronomy 4:17 · JPS 1917

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the likeness of any beast that is on the earth, the likeness of any winged fowl that flieth in the heaven,

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**Who acts:** beast, winged fowl · **What happens:** be, fly · **To what, where:** earth, heaven

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This is Deuteronomy 4:17 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (beast, winged fowl), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:DEU:129
# text = the likeness of any beast that is on the earth, the likeness of any winged fowl that flieth in the heaven,
1	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	likeness	likeness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	5	det	_	_
5	beast	beast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	acl:relcl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	likeness	likeness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	17	det	_	_
16	winged	wing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	fowl	fowl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
18	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj	_	_
19	flieth	fly	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	acl:relcl	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | any beast |  |  | the earth |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **fly** | present | any winged fowl |  |  | the heaven |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in heaven=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
תַּבְנִ֕ית כָּל־בְּהֵמָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר בָּאָ֑רֶץ תַּבְנִית֙ כָּל־צִפּ֣וֹר כָּנָ֔ף אֲשֶׁ֥ר תָּע֖וּף בַּשָּׁמָֽיִם׃

[Deuteronomy 4:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.4.17/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DEU:129` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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